Tính
A=\(\dfrac{a}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\dfrac{c}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
Thực hiện phép tính:
1) \(A=\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
2) \(B=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
3, \(C=\dfrac{bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
4) \(D=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
1)\(\dfrac{c-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{a-c}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b-a}{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{c-b+a-c+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
Tính:
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
Lời giải:
\(-A=\frac{a^2}{(a-b)(c-a)}+\frac{b^2}{(a-b)(b-c)}+\frac{c^2}{(c-a)(b-c)}\)
\(=\frac{a^2(b-c)+b^2(c-a)+c^2(a-b)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=\frac{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a-(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)}{-[(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)-(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)]}=-1\)
$\Rightarrow A=1$
chứng minh
\(2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)-3=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
VP = \(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right).\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)-\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\left(b-c\right).\dfrac{\left(b+a\right)-\left(c+a\right)}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\left(c-b\right).\dfrac{\left(c+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{c+a}-\dfrac{1}{b+a}\right)+\left(c-a\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{c+b}\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right).\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\left(a-b\right).\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\left(b-c\right).\dfrac{1}{c+a}-\left(b-c\right).\dfrac{1}{b+a}+\left(c-a\right).\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\left(c-a\right).\dfrac{1}{c+b}\)
\(=\left(2a-b-c\right).\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\left(2b-c-a\right).\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\left(2c-a-b\right).\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a}{b+c}-\left(b+c\right).\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{c+a}-\left(c+a\right).\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}-\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)-3\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2a^3-a^2b-a^2c-ab^2-ac^2+2b^3-b^2c-bc^2+2c^3}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)} \)
\(\\=\dfrac{a^3+a^2b-2a^2b-2ab^2+ab^2+b^3+b^3+b^2c-2b^2c-2bc^2+bc^2+c^3+c^3+c^2a-2c^a+2ca^2-ca^2+a^3}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(\\=\dfrac{(a-b)^2(a+b)+(b-c)^2(b+c)+(c-a)^2(c+a)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(\\\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{(a-b)^2}{(c+a)(b+c)}+\dfrac{(b-c)^2}{(c+a)(a+b)}+\dfrac{(c-a)^2}{(a+b)(b+c)}=VP\)từ giả thiết, ta có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{xy};\dfrac{1}{yz};\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=1\) =>\(\left(\dfrac{ac}{b};\dfrac{ab}{c};\dfrac{bc}{a}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2};\dfrac{1}{y^2};\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
ta có VT=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{z^1}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ac}{b}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ab}{c}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{bc}{a}}}\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{b+ac}{b}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{a+bc}{a}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{c+ab}{c}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+ab+bc+ba+ca+cb}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
ta cần chứng minh \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
<=>\(8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\) (luôn đúng )
^_^
Cho a,b,c khác 0 thỏa mãn \(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)=8\)
CMR \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a}\times\dfrac{b+c}{b}\times\dfrac{a+c}{c}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=8abc\)
~*~*~*~*~
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}-\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}-\dfrac{ac}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}\left(1-\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\left(1-\dfrac{c}{c+a}\right)+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\left(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}\times\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\times\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\times\dfrac{b}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\times8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+2abc=8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=8abc\) luôn đúng
=> (1) đúng
Bạn cũng có thể giải bằng cách đặt \(x=\dfrac{a}{a+b};y=\dfrac{b}{b+c};z=\dfrac{c}{a+c}\).
\(\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\dfrac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{2}{a-b}+\dfrac{2}{b-c}+\dfrac{2}{c-a}\)
cầm cm cái này trước đã
\(\dfrac{1}{a-b}-\dfrac{1}{a-c}=\dfrac{a-c}{a-b}+\dfrac{a-b}{a-c}=\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
áp dụng vào bài
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{a-b}-\dfrac{1}{a-c}\\\dfrac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\dfrac{1}{b-c}-\dfrac{1}{b-a}\\\dfrac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{1}{c-a}-\dfrac{1}{c-b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
thay vào đề,
=> đpcm
chúc may mắn
Cho \(a,b,c\) là các số dương . \(CMR\) \(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{64}}=\dfrac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}+\dfrac{c+a}{8}\ge\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c+a}{8}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}\ge\dfrac{3c}{4}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT+\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\ge\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
Sửa đề: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
Cho 3 số a,b,c đôi 1 khác nhau. CMR:
\(\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right).\left(b-a\right)}+\dfrac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right).\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{2}{a-b}+\dfrac{2}{b-c}+\dfrac{2}{c-a}\)
`VT = (b-c)/((a-b)(a-c)) + (c-a)/((b-c)(b-a)) +(a-b)/((c-a)(c-b)) = 2/(a-b) + 2/(b-c) + 2/(c-a)`
`=-((a-b-a+c)/((a-b)(a-c))+(b-c-b+a)/((b-c)(b-a))+(c-a-c+b)/((c-a)(c-b)))`
`=-((a-b)/((a-b)(a-c))-(a-c)/((a-b)(a-c))+(b-c)/((b-c)(b-a))-(b-a)/((b-c)(b-a))+(c-a)/((c-a)(c-b))-(c-b)/((c-a)(c-b)))`
`= 1/(c-a)+1/(a-b)+1/(a-b)+1/(b-c)+1/(b-c)+1/(c-a)`
`=2/(a-b)+2/(b-c)+2/(c-a)=VP(đpcm)`
Biến đổi tương đương thôi em, dễ mà =)
\(\dfrac{x}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{x}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{x}{\left(c-a\right).\left(c-b\right)}\)=2
\(ĐKXĐ:\)a,b,c đôi một khác nhau.
\(\dfrac{x}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{x}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{x}{\left(c-a\right).\left(c-b\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right).\left(c-b\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{-\left(b-c\right)-\left(c-a\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{-b+c-c+a-a+b}{\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)}\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow0x=2\) (vô lý)
-Vậy khi a,b,c đôi một khác nhau thì phương trình vô nghiệm.