Trước hết ta chứng minh BĐT sau: \(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\) (*) với \(a,b,x,y>0\). Thật vậy, (*) tương đương \(\dfrac{a^2y+b^2x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{x+y}\)

 \(\Leftrightarrow a^2xy+a^2y^2+b^2x^2+b^2xy\ge2abxy+a^2xy+b^2xy\)

 \(\Leftrightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT được chứng minh. ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow ay=bx\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\)

Áp dụng BĐT (*) liên tiếp, ta được:

 \(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)

ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Tương tự, ta được:

\(\left(2-y\right)\left(2-z\right)>=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{4}\)

và \(\left(2-z\right)\left(2-x\right)>=\left(\dfrac{y+1}{2}\right)^2\)

=>8(2-x)(2-y)(2-z)>=(x+1)(y+1)(z+1)

(x+yz)(y+zx)<=(x+y+yz+xz)^2/4=(x+y)^2*(z+1)^2/4<=(x^2+y^2)(z+1)^2/4

Tương tự, ta cũng co:

\(\left(y+xz\right)\left(z+y\right)< =\dfrac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}{2}\)

và \(\left(z+xy\right)\left(x+yz\right)< =\dfrac{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}{2}\)

Do đó, ta được:

\(\left(x+yz\right)\left(y+zx\right)\left(z+xy\right)< =\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)\)

=>ĐPCM

a.

\(\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{3x+yz}}=\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}}=\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\le\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\right)^2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{3x+yz}}\le\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{y}{y+\sqrt{3y+xz}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\) ; \(\dfrac{z}{z+\sqrt{3z+xy}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\le\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)

b.

\(VP=\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\sqrt{4a\left(a+3b\right)}+2\sqrt{4b\left(b+3c\right)}+2\sqrt{4c\left(c+3a\right)}}\)

\(VP\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+a+3b+4b+b+3c+4c+c+3a}\)

\(VP\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{8\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Chứng minh gì bạn?

Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)

BĐT này gọi là BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz đó bạn.

Chứng minh BĐT: \(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2y+b^2x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\Rightarrow\left(a^2y+b^2x\right)\left(x+y\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2.xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2y^2+b^2x^2-2abxy\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(ay-by\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Áp dụng BĐT trên vào đề:

Ta được: \(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)

\(6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+10\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)

\(=6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

\(=6\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x+y}\right)-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

\(\ge6\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2.\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+2z+x+y}-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

\(=6\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{18}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

\(\ge6\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{18}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(=6.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{18}{4.\dfrac{3}{4}}-\dfrac{2}{3}.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=9\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

a) ab+bc+ca\(\le\dfrac{\left(a+c+b\right)^2}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3ab+3bc+3ac\le a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac\le a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2ab+2bc+2ca\le2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\ge0\)

\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall a,b,c\)

a) 3.(ab+bc+ac)≤a²+b²+c²+2ab+2bc+2ac

<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\ge0\)

<=> \(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\ge0\)

<=> (a-b)²+(b-c)²+(a-c)²≥0 ( luon dung voi moi a,b,c)

b) ap dung ket qua tren va vế sau bn xem bài giải của mk ở trên

Lời giải:

Đặt $\frac{x}{a}=m; \frac{y}{b}=n; \frac{z}{c}=p$ với $m,n,p>0$.

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:

(m^2a+n^2b+p^2c)(a+b+c)\geq (am+bn+cp)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow m^2(ab+ac)+n^2(ba+bc)+p^2(ca+cb)\geq 2abmn+2amcp+2bncp$

$\Leftrightarrow ab(m^2-2mn+n^2)+bc(n^2-2np+p^2)+ca(m^2-2mp+p^2)\geq 0$

$\Leftrightarrow ab(m-n)^2+bc(n-p)^2+ca(m-p)^2\geq 0$ 

(luôn đúng với $a,b,c>0$)

Ta có đpcm.

1.

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

2.

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)

Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)

Biến đổi giả thiết:

\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)

BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)