\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)

\(C=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ac-ab}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+ac-ba-bc}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+ab-ca-cb}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=-\left(\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right)\)

\(=-\left(\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)\)

\(=-\left(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)=1\)

Lời giải:

Xét tử :

\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\frac{a^2}{a^2+bc+(-ab-ac)}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+ac+(-ab-bc)}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+ab+(-bc-ac)}\)

\(=\frac{a^2}{a(a-b)-c(a-b)}+\frac{b^2}{b(b-c)-a(b-c)}+\frac{c^2}{c(c-a)-b(c-a)}\)

\(=\frac{a^2}{(a-c)(a-b)}+\frac{b^2}{(b-a)(b-c)}+\frac{c^2}{(c-a)(c-b)}\)

\(=\frac{a^2(c-b)+b^2(a-c)+c^2(b-a)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\)

\(=\frac{(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)-(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)}{(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)-(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)}=1\)

Xét mẫu (tương tự bên tử)

\(\frac{bc}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{ac}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{ab}{c^2+2ab}=\frac{bc}{(a-c)(a-b)}+\frac{ac}{(b-a)(b-c)}+\frac{ab}{(c-a)(c-b)}\)

\(=\frac{bc(c-b)+ac(a-c)+ab(b-a)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=\frac{(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)-(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\)

\(=\frac{(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)-(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)}{(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)-(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)}=1\)

Do đó:

\(A=\frac{1}{1}=1\)

cho mình hỏi bạn biết làm chưa nếu rồi thì giúp mình được không ạ mình ko biết làm

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+2ab}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+2bc+b^2+2ac+c^2+2ab}\)

\(=\dfrac{3^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=9\left(a+b+c\le1\right)\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Ta có kết quả tổng quát hơn như sau:

Cho $a,b,c \neq 0$ thỏa mãn $\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0.$

Chứng minh rằng $$S={\frac {k{a}^{2}-k-1}{{a}^{2}+2\,bc}}+{\frac {{b}^{2}k-k-1}{2\,ac+{b}^{2}}}+{\frac {{c}^{2}k-k-1}{2\,ab+{c}^{2}}}=k$$