\(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{c}{d}\)

          \(\dfrac{a}{c}\) = \(\dfrac{b}{d}\)

   \(\dfrac{a}{c}\)  =  \(\dfrac{5a}{5c}\) = \(\dfrac{3b}{3d}\) Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

      \(\dfrac{a}{c}\) =   \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}\) (1) 

       \(\dfrac{a}{c}\) = \(\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\)  (2)

Kết hợp (1) và (2) ta có:

       \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}\) =  \(\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\) 

⇒   \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}\) =  \(\dfrac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}\) (đpcm)

b;   \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{c}{d}\) 

      \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) =  \(\dfrac{3a}{3b}\) = \(\dfrac{2c}{2d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

     \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{3a+2c}{3b+2d}\) (đpcm)

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)

Làm tương tự với 3 phân số còn lại và cộng vế với vế

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)

Làm tương tự với 3 phân số còn lại và cộng vế với vế

a: Đặt a/b=c/d=k

=>a=bk; c=dk

\(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)

\(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

b: Đặt a/b=c/d=k

=>a=bk; c=dk

\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)

\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)

DO đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)

đề sai rồi

Sửa đề: \(1< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}< 2\)

Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}\) (1)

\(\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}>\dfrac{b}{a+b+c+d}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}>\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}\) (3)

\(\dfrac{d}{c+b+d}>\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}\) (4)

Từ (1)(2)(3)(4) =>\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}>\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)

Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì a<a+b+c)

\(\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}< \dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì b<a+b+d)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}< \dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì c<c+a+d)

\(\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}< \dfrac{d+a}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì d<d+b+c)

=>\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\\ \text{Vậy 1< ...< 2}\)

a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{d}< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ad-bc}{bd}< 0\)\(\Leftrightarrow ad-bc< 0\) ( do bc>0) \(\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\) (đpcm)

b) \(ad< bc\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)(đpcm)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ac< ba+bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ac< bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a< b\)(đúng)

a)Áp dụng

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=2\left(1\right)\)

Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+a+b}=1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2)=> đpcm

Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow a< b\Rightarrow ac< bc\Rightarrow ac+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}< \dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)a) ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< 2\)

b)

\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b +c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\)

Tham khảo:Chứng minh a/b=c/d hoặc a/b=d/c biết (a^2+b^2)/(c^2+d^2)=ab/cd - An Nhiên

\(\text{Cho }\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\text{ và }b,d\notin0\text{.CMR:}\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)

\(\text{Ta có:}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\text{Lại có:}\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=\dfrac{\left(bd\right).k^2}{bd}=k^2\)

\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2.k^2+d^2.k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(b^2+d^2\right).k^2}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)