please help me

Lời giải:

Xét \(1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}=\frac{n^2+1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}\)

\(=\frac{(n+1)^2-2n}{n^2}+\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}=\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right)^2+\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}-\frac{2}{n}\)

\(=\left(\frac{n+1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)^2=\left(1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}}=1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)

Áp dụng vào bài toán suy ra:

\(A=1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+1+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\)

\(=2016+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2018}=2016,5-\frac{1}{2018}\)

Câu 1.8: Giải

*Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}>\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}>\dfrac{1}{3.4}\)

...

\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9.9}< \dfrac{1}{9.10}\)

\(\Rightarrow A>\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)

\(A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(A>\dfrac{2}{5}\) (1)

*Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)

...

\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9.9}< \dfrac{1}{8.9}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{9}\)

\(A< \dfrac{8}{9}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{5}< A< \dfrac{8}{9}\)

1/\(\dfrac{-2}{5}\)

2/-21

1/ \(4\left(\dfrac{-1}{2}\right)^3+\dfrac{1}{2}:5\)

\(=4.\dfrac{-1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(=\dfrac{-1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(=\dfrac{-5}{10}+\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4}{10}\)

\(=\dfrac{-2}{5}\)

2/ \(17\dfrac{1}{5}:\left(-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)-2\dfrac{1}{5}.\left(-\dfrac{7}{5}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{86}{5}.\left(\dfrac{-7}{5}\right)-\dfrac{11}{5}.\left(\dfrac{-7}{5}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-7}{5}.\left(\dfrac{86}{5}-\dfrac{11}{5}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-7}{5}.15\)

\(=-21\)

Xét p/s A=\(\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{2}{5^2}+...........+\dfrac{2}{2007^2}\)

A<\(\dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+...........+\dfrac{2}{2006.2008}\)

A<\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{2006}-\dfrac{1}{2008}\)

A<\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2008}\)

A<\(\dfrac{1003}{2008}\)

Ta có đpcm

Ta thấy với k \(\in\) N* thì k² > (k - 1)(k + 1).

Thật vậy, ta có (k - 1)(k + 1) = k(k + 1) - (k + 1) = k² + k - k - 1 = k² - 1 < k².

Từ đó suy ra: 3² > 2 . 4; 5² > 4 . 6; 7² > 6 . 8;...; 2007² > 2006 . 2008.

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{3^2}< \dfrac{2}{2.4};\dfrac{2}{5^2}< \dfrac{2}{4.6};\dfrac{2}{7^2}< \dfrac{2}{6.8};...;\dfrac{2}{2007^2}< \dfrac{2}{2006.2008}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{2}{2.4}+\dfrac{2}{4.6}+\dfrac{2}{6.8}+...+\dfrac{2}{2006.2008}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2006}-\dfrac{1}{2008}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2008}=\dfrac{1003}{2008}\)

\(\dfrac{4}{3}\times\dfrac{9}{8}\times\dfrac{16}{15}\times\dfrac{25}{24}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)

`(2^2)/(1 . 3) . (3^2)/(2 . 4) . (4^2)/(3 . 5) . (5^2)/(4 . 6)`

`= 4/3 . 9/8 . 16/15 . 25/24 = 5/3`

5/3

\(x=2014\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{2014}+\dfrac{x+1}{2015}+\dfrac{x+2}{2016}+\dfrac{x+3}{2017}+\dfrac{x+4}{2018}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{2014}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+1}{2015}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+2}{2016}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+3}{2017}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+4}{2018}-1\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-2014}{2014}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2015}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2016}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2017}+\dfrac{x-2014}{2018}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2014\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)=0\) (1)

Mà \(\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}>0\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) => \(x-2014=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=2014\)

a)\(3\dfrac{1}{3}:2\dfrac{1}{2}-1< x< 7\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{4}{3}-1< x< \dfrac{23}{7}+\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}< x< \dfrac{81}{14}\)

Vì\(\dfrac{1}{3}=0,333333333333333333333333...\)

\(\dfrac{81}{14}=5,785714286\)

=>\(x=\left\{1;2;3;4;5\right\}\)

b)\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)< x< \dfrac{1}{48}-\left(\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{7}{12}< x< \dfrac{1}{48}+\dfrac{5}{48}\)

\(-\dfrac{1}{12}< x< \dfrac{1}{8}\)

Vì\(-\dfrac{1}{12}=-0.08333333333333333\)

\(\dfrac{1}{8}=0.125\)

=> \(x=\left\{0\right\}\)

a.\(3\dfrac{1}{3}:2\dfrac{1}{2}-1< x< 7\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{4}{3}-1< x< \dfrac{23}{7}+\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}< x< \dfrac{81}{14}\)

\(0,3333...< x< 5,7857...\)

Vì \(x\in Z\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;3;4;5\right\}\)

Vậy........

b. \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)< x< \dfrac{1}{48}-\left(\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{-1}{12}< x< \dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(-0,0833...< x< 0,125\)

Vì \(x\in Z\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0\right\}\)

Vậy............

\(B=\dfrac{2-\dfrac{2}{19}+\dfrac{2}{43}-\dfrac{2}{2017}}{3-\dfrac{3}{19}+\dfrac{3}{43}-\dfrac{3}{2017}}:\dfrac{4-\dfrac{4}{29}+\dfrac{4}{41}-\dfrac{4}{2018}}{5-\dfrac{5}{29}+\dfrac{5}{41}-\dfrac{5}{2018}}\)

\(B=\dfrac{2\left(1-\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{43}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)}{3\left(1-\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{43}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)}:\dfrac{4\left(1-\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{41}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}{5\left(1-\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{41}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}\)

\(B=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{4}{5}\) ( Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{43}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\ne0\\1-\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{41}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\))

\(B=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{2\cdot5}{3\cdot4}=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

\(B=\dfrac{2-\dfrac{2}{19}+\dfrac{2}{43}-\dfrac{2}{2017}}{3-\dfrac{3}{19}+\dfrac{3}{43}-\dfrac{3}{2017}}:\dfrac{4-\dfrac{4}{29}+\dfrac{4}{41}-\dfrac{4}{2018}}{5-\dfrac{5}{29}+\dfrac{5}{41}-\dfrac{5}{2018}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(B=\dfrac{2-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{43}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)}{3\left(1-\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{43}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)}:\dfrac{4\left(1-\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{41}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}{5\left(1-\dfrac{1}{29}+\dfrac{1}{41}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{10}{12}=\dfrac{5}{6}\)