\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
cho a,b,c>0, CMR:
\(\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(b+c+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(c+a+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge4\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}}\right)\)
Viết gọn lại, ta cần chứng minh:
\(\sum\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\sum4\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\sum4\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{ab}}\right)=\sum\dfrac{4ab}{a+b}\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(\sum\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\sum\left(2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{1}{4}}\right)^2=\sum a+b\)
Vậy ta cần chứng minh:
\(\sum a+b\ge\sum\dfrac{4ab}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(a+b\right)^2\ge\sum4ab\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Vậy ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c
a,b,c>0.C/m
a, \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
b, \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
a)Theo bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}.\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b\)
Ta có điều phải chứng minh
b)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(a=b=c\)
Ta có điều phải chứng minh
cho các mệnh đề sau :
(I).a+\(\dfrac{9}{a}\)\(\ge6\) (a>0)
(II).\(\dfrac{a^2+5}{\sqrt{a^2+4}}\ge2\)
(III).\(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{ab+1}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(ab\ge0\right)\)
(IV).\(\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge4\left(a,b>0\right)\)
Số mệnh đề đúng trong các mệnh đề trên là
I. Đúng do BĐT Cosi \(a+\dfrac{9}{a}\ge2.\sqrt{a.\dfrac{9}{a}}=6\)
II. Sai do \(\dfrac{a^2+5}{\sqrt{a^2+4}}=\sqrt{a^2+4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+4}}\ge2+\dfrac{1}{a^2+4}>2\)
III. Đúng do BĐT Cosi \(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{ab+1}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{2\sqrt{ab}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
IV. Đúng do BĐT BSC \(\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{a}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{b}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\right)^2=4\)
Với a,b,c là số dương chứng minh rằng :
a, \(\left(a+b\right)\times\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
b, \(\left(a+b+c\right)\times\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
=> (a+b).\(\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{4}{a+b}=4\left(dpcm\right)\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
=>\(\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}=9\left(dpcm\right)\)
CM CÁC BẤT ĐẲNG THỨC SAU
A) \(\left(A+B\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{A}+\dfrac{1}{B}\right)\ge4\)
B) \(\left(A+B+C\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{A}+\dfrac{1}{B}+\dfrac{1}{C}\right)\ge9\)
C) \(\dfrac{1}{A}+\dfrac{1}{B}+\dfrac{1}{C}\ge\dfrac{9}{A+B+C}\)
c) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{A}+\dfrac{1}{B}+\dfrac{1}{C}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{A+B+C}=\dfrac{9}{A+B+C}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi\(\dfrac{1}{A}=\dfrac{1}{B}=\dfrac{1}{C}\)
cho a,b,c>0
CMR:
1) \(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\sqrt{a+b}\)
2) \(\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(b+c+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(c+a+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge4\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}}\right)\)
1) Áp dụng BĐT Cô si
ta có
\(\left(\sqrt{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\inĐK\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-2\sqrt{a+b}.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\sqrt{a+b}\)
vậy ĐPCM
Bài 2
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có:
\(\Rightarrow VP\le4\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2}\right)=2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge\left(2\sqrt{ab}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge2.2\sqrt{ab}.\dfrac{1}{2}=2\sqrt{ab}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Hai số a,b thỏa mãn \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,b>0\\\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+1\right)\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}\ge2\)
Ta có:
\(4\le\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+1\right)=\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+1\le\dfrac{a+b}{2}+\dfrac{a+1}{2}+\dfrac{b+1}{2}+1\)
\(=a+b+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b}=a+b\ge2\)
Dấu \(=\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\).
Cho a, b, c là độ dài 3 cạnh tam giác. CMR:
1, \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b-c\right)^n}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b+c\right)^n}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c-a\right)^n}\ge\dfrac{1}{a^n}+\dfrac{1}{b^n}+\dfrac{1}{c^n}\)
2, \(\dfrac{1}{a^n}+\dfrac{1}{b^n}+\dfrac{1}{c^n}\ge4^n\left[\dfrac{1}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^n}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+2b+c\right)^n}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b+2c\right)^n}\right]\)
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức cô-si. Chứng minh bất đẳng thức \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
Lời giải:
Bổ sung điều kiện $a,b$ là các số dương. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
$a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}$
$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ab}}$
$\Rightarrow (a+b)(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b})\geq 2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ab}}=4$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b$