Cho a, b, c là độ dài 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác. CMR:
a) \(a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
b) \(\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b-c}\ge3\)
c) \(\dfrac{1}{a+b},\dfrac{1}{b+c},\dfrac{1}{c+a}\)cũng là độ dài ba cạnh của 1 tam giác
Cho \(a^2+b^2+c^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le4\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{ab+1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{bc+1}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{ca+1}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\ge3\)
Từ giả thiết:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\le2\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{ab+1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2ab+2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2ab+a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại, đồng thời đặt \(\left(a+b;b+c;c+a\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\):
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{yz}{x^2}+\dfrac{xz}{y^2}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{yz.xz.xy}{x^2y^2z^2}}=3\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Hứa tặng GP nha :))
I. BĐT:
1.Cho a,b,c là độ dài của ba cạnh tam giác CMR:
\(\left(a\right)a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\left(b\right)\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b-c}\ge3\)
\(\left(c\right)\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}< 2\)
2. Cho a, b, c, d > 0 và abcd = 1 CMR: \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge6\)
3. \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-6\right)+9\ge0\)
4. \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}+\dfrac{bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{ca}{c+a}\le\dfrac{a+b +c}{2}\)
Bài 1:
(a)
Vì $a,b,c$ là độ dài ba cạnh tam giác nên theo BĐT tam giác ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+b>c\\ b+c>a\\ c+a>b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} c(a+b)>c^2\\ a(b+c)>a^2\\ b(c+a)>b^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow c(a+b)+a(b+c)+b(c+a)> c^2+a^2+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(ab+bc+ac)> a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Ta có đpcm.
(2): Bài này có nhiều cách giải. Nhưng mình xin đưa ra cách làm thuần túy Cô-si nhất.
Đặt
\((a+b-c, b+c-a, c+a-b)=(x,y,z)\Rightarrow (a,b,c)=(\frac{x+z}{2}; \frac{x+y}{2}; \frac{y+z}{2})\)
Khi đó:
\(\frac{a}{b+c-a}+\frac{b}{a+c-b}+\frac{c}{a+b-c}=\frac{x+z}{2y}+\frac{x+y}{2z}+\frac{y+z}{2x}\)
\(=\frac{x}{2y}+\frac{z}{2y}+\frac{x}{2z}+\frac{y}{2z}+\frac{y}{2x}+\frac{z}{2x}\geq 6\sqrt[6]{\frac{1}{2^6}}=3\) (áp dụng BĐT Cô-si)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$ hay $a=b=c$
(c):
Theo BĐT tam giác:
\(b+c>a\Rightarrow 2(b+c)> b+c+a\Rightarrow b+c> \frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với những phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}+\frac{2b}{a+b+c}+\frac{2c}{a+b+c}=2\)
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^2.b^2.c^2.d^2.ab.cd}=6\sqrt[6]{(abcd)^3}=6\sqrt[6]{1^3}=6\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^2=b^2=c^2=d^2=ab=cd\\ abcd=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a=b=c=d=1\)
Bài 3:
Ta có:
\((x-1)(x-3)(x-4)(x-6)+9\)
\(=[(x-1)(x-6)][(x-3)(x-4)]+9\)
\(=(x^2-7x+6)(x^2-7x+12)+9\)
\(=a(a+6)+9\) (đặt \(x^2-7x+6=a\) )
\(=a^2+6a+9=(a+3)^2\geq 0, \forall a\in\mathbb{R}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Cho a, b, c là độ dài 3 cạnh tam giác. CMR :
B1
a. \(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
b. \(abc>\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\)
c. \(2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2-a^4+b^4-c^4>0c\)
d. \(a\left(b-c\right)^2+b\left(c-a\right)^2+c\left(a+b\right)^2>a^3+b^3+c^3\)
B2
a. \(\dfrac{1}{a+b};\dfrac{1}{b+c};\dfrac{1}{c+a}\) cũng là 3 cạnh 1 tam giác khác.
b. \(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}>\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
B1:
\(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Xét hiệu:
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
=> BĐT luôn đúng
*
Ta có:
\(a< b+c\Rightarrow a^2< ab+ac\)
\(b< a+c\Rightarrow b^2< ab+ac\)
\(c< a+b\Rightarrow a^2< ac+bc\)
Cộng từng vế bất đẳng thức ta được:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Vậy: \(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
B2:
Ta có: \(a+b>c\) ; \(b+c>a\); \(a+c>b\)
Xét:\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+b+a+b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c+b}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{b+c+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+c+a+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
Suy ra:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
=> ĐPCM
Làm hết chỗ này chắc hết tuổi thanh xuân của t,
câu b dấu "=" có xảy ra nhé,fix đề đy bạn eiiii
Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương thoả mãn \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\le3\)Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a}{1+b^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+c^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3\)
Đặt\(P=\dfrac{a}{1+b^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+c^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+a^2+}+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Bổ đề: \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\) (1)
Chứng minh bổ đề: \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc.\dfrac{1}{abc}}=9\left(\forall a,b,c\ge0\right)\)
Kết hợp điều kiện đề bài ta được: \(a+b+c\ge3\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\le\dfrac{ab^2}{2\sqrt{b^2}}=\dfrac{ab}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 2 số không âm 1 và b^2 )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{ab}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Chứng minh hoàn toàn tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\dfrac{bc}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\dfrac{ca}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng (1),(2),(3) vế theo vế thu được: \(P\ge a+b+c=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại a=b=c=1
Cho a,b,c>0 thỏa mãn : \(ab+bc+ca=0\)
C/m: \(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\ge3+\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{a^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}{b^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}{c^2}}\)
Đề sai rồi: a,b,c > 0 thì làm sao mà có: ab + bc + ca = 0 được.
may cai nay tuong hoi truoc co nguoi dang roi ma
ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right).\left(a+c\right)}{a^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a}+\dfrac{a+c}{a}\right)=a+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}\)
tương tự thì ta có:
\(VP\le3+2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}=3+\dfrac{2}{ab}+\dfrac{2}{ac}+\dfrac{2}{bc}\)
từ các điều trên ta thấy cần CM:
\(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\ge a+b+c\)
bạn tự CM nốt ạ
1)cho a,b,c >0. \(cmr:\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ca}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{2abc}\)
2) cho a,b,c>0 và a+b+c=1. \(cmr:\left(1+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge64\)
3) cho a,b,c>0. \(cme:\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\)
4) cho a,b,c>0 .\(cmr:\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\)
5)cho a,b,c>0. cmr: \(\dfrac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\dfrac{27}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Bài 2:
Thay $1=a+b+c$ và áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}{abc}\)
\(=\frac{(a+a+b+c)(b+a+b+c)(c+a+b+c)}{abc}\)
\(\geq \frac{4\sqrt[4]{a.a.b.c}.4\sqrt[4]{b.a.b.c}.4\sqrt[4]{c.a.b.c}}{abc}=\frac{64abc}{abc}=64\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
cho a,b,c>0;\(a+b+c,abc=1\).CMR
\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
từ giả thiết, ta có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{xy};\dfrac{1}{yz};\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=1\) =>\(\left(\dfrac{ac}{b};\dfrac{ab}{c};\dfrac{bc}{a}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2};\dfrac{1}{y^2};\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
ta có VT=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{z^1}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ac}{b}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ab}{c}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{bc}{a}}}\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{b+ac}{b}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{a+bc}{a}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{c+ab}{c}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+ab+bc+ba+ca+cb}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
ta cần chứng minh \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
<=>\(8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\) (luôn đúng )
^_^
Cho a,b,c>0 thỏa mãn ab+bc+ca=1. CMR:
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\right)^3\le\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\right)\)
Đẳng thức quen thuộc: \(a^2+ab+bc+ca=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\) và tương tự cho các mẫu số còn lại
Ta có:
\(\sum\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Mặt khác:
\(2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=\left[a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\right]\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a\sqrt{b+c}+b\sqrt{c+a}+c\sqrt{a+b}\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki)
\(\Rightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(a\sqrt{b+c}+b\sqrt{c+a}+c\sqrt{a+b}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\right)^2\)
Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đúng theo AM-GM:
\(\sum\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\sum\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)