Gọi x,y,z lần lượt là số mol của Al,Mg,Zn

PT: 

2Al + 6HCl--->2AlCl3 + 3H2

x-------3x----------------------1,5x   mol

Mg + 2HCl--->MgCl2 + H2

y-----2y----------------------y    mol

Zn + 2HCl--->ZnCl2 + H2

z----2z--------------------z      mol

b.

Số mol H2: nH2=16,352/22,4=0,73 mol

1,5x+y+z=0,73

27x = 24y =>x=8y/9

=>7y/3 +z =0,73 (*)

27x + 24y + 65z=19,6

27x = 24y

=> 48y + 65z =19,6 (**)

Từ (*),(**)

=>y=0,27 => mMg =6,48 g

z=0,1=>mZn = 6,5 g

x=0,24=>mAl =6,48g

c.

nHCl =2nH2

=>nHCl =2.0,73=1,46 mol

=>V dd=1,46/2=0,73(l)

a) PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,15\cdot95=14,25\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Mg}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=53,3\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{50}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)  

a, \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)

b,\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

a+b+c) Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,25\cdot95=23,75\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,25\cdot22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,25\cdot64=16\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

0,2                      0,2          0,3 

\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) ;    \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

 \(2Al\)    \(+\)   \(6HCl\)    →    \(2AlCl_3\)  \(+\)  \(3H_2\)

Tỉ lệ:   \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,5}{6}\)                                          ⇒  Al dư, tính theo HCl

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

           \(0,5\)    →   \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)    →   \(0,25\)       ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

c) \(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=\dfrac{1}{6}.\left(27+35,5.3\right)=22,25\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaCO₃ + 2HCl ---> CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

             0,3<-----0,6<------------------0,3

=> m = 0,3.100 = 30 (g)

b) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{150}.100\%=14,6\%\)

nMg = 4.8/24 = 0.2 (mol) 

Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2 

0.2.................................0.2

CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O 

...........0.2..........0.2

mCu = 0.2*64 = 12.8 (g) 

a) PTHH: Mg +  2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

0,2____________0,4___0,2___0,2(mol)

CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O

0,2___0,2____0,2(mol)

b) =>mCu=0,2.64=12,8(g)

nZn = 19,5/65 = 0,3 (mol)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2

Mol: 0,3 ---> 0,6 ---> 0,3 ---> 0,3

VH2 = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72 (l)

mHCl = 0,6 . 36,5 = 21,9 (g)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,3         0,6                   0,3  ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9g\)

Zn+2HCl->Zncl2+H2

0,3--0,6----------------0,3

n Zn=\(\dfrac{19,5}{65}\)=0,3 mol

=>VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72l

=>m HCl=0,6.36,5=21,9g

\(a) Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ b) n_{MgCl_2} = n_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,24}{24} = 0,01(mol)\\ m_{MgCl_2} = 0,01.95 = 0,95(gam)\\ c) n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,01(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,01.22,4 = 0,224(lít)\)