giải hệ phương trình
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{y-3}=3\\2\sqrt{x-2}-3\sqrt{y-3}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y+4}=4\\\dfrac{2x}{x+1}-\dfrac{5}{y+4}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\y\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\2\sqrt{x-2}-3\sqrt{y-3}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\5\sqrt{x-2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\\sqrt{x-2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\ne-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15x}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y+4}=20\\\dfrac{4x}{x+1}-\dfrac{10}{y+4}=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15x}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y+4}=20\\\dfrac{19x}{x+1}=28\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+1}=\dfrac{28}{19}\\\dfrac{1}{y+4}=-\dfrac{4}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}19x=28x+28\\4y+16=-19\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{28}{9}\\y=-\dfrac{35}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1: Giải hệ phương trình sau
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x-y}+\left(x+3y\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{4}{2x-y}-5\left(x+3y\right)=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2: Cho phương trình: x\(^2\)+(m-1)x-m\(^2\)-2=0
a) CMR: phương trình luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt \(\forall\)m
b) Tìm m để biểu thức A=\(\left(\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^3\) đạt giá trị lớn nhất.
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(\Delta=\left(m-1\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-m^2-2\right)\)
\(=m^2-2m+1+4m^2+8\)
\(=5m^2-2m+9>0\forall m\)
Do đó, phương trình luôn có hai nghiệm phân biệt với mọi m
Bài 1:
ĐKXĐ \(2x\ne y\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2x-y}=a;x+3y=b\)
HPT trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{3}{2}\\4a-5b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{2}-b\\4\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-b\right)-5b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{2}-b\\6-9b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\dfrac{8}{9}\\a=\dfrac{11}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y=\dfrac{8}{9}\\2x-y=\dfrac{18}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x-\dfrac{18}{11}\\x+3\left(2x-\dfrac{18}{11}\right)=\dfrac{8}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{82}{99}\\y=\dfrac{2}{99}\end{matrix}\right.\)
giải hệ phương trình sau:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{x}{y}=3\\x+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{x}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ : \(xy\ne0\)
- Đặt \(x+\dfrac{1}{y}=t\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2=x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{2x}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}=t^2-\dfrac{2x}{y}\)
Lại có từ PT ( II ) : \(\dfrac{x}{y}=3-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=3-t\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x}{y}=6-2t\)
- Thay vào PT ( I ) ta được : \(t^2-\left(6-2t\right)+3-t=3\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2-6+2t+3-t-3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2+t-6=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1 : t = 2 .
=> \(x=y\)
Thay lại vào PT ( II ) ta được : \(x+\dfrac{1}{x}+1=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+1-2x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=1\) ( TM )
TH2 : t = -3 .
=> \(x=6y\)
Thay lại vào PT ( II ) ta được : \(6y+\dfrac{1}{y}+6-3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow6y^2+1+3y=0\)
Vô nghiệm .
Vậy hệ phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\left(1;1\right)\right\}\)
giải hệ phương trình sau : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\) với x, y ∈ Z
\(ĐK:x,y\ne0\\ HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=4\\\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+1=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(tm\right)\)
Giải hệ phương trình :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-3}-\dfrac{1}{y+1}=1\\\sqrt{x-3}+\dfrac{2}{y+1}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(ĐK:x\ge3;y\ne-1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-3}=a;a\ge0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{y+1}=b\)
Khi đó, hpt trở thành:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-b=1\\a+2b=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6a-2b=2\\a+2b=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7a=7\\a+2b=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\1+2b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}=1\\\dfrac{1}{y+1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=1\\y+1=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) ( tm )
Đặt a = \(\sqrt{x-3}\) và b = \(\dfrac{1}{y+1}\) ta có hệ phương trình
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-b=1\\a+2b=5\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3a-1\\a+2\left(3a-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3a-1\\a+6a-2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3a-1\\7a=7\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=3a-1\\a=1\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=2\\a=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay a và b ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}=1\\\dfrac{1}{y+1}=2\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=1\\2\left(y+1\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\2y+2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hpt có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=(4;-1/2)
Giải hệ phương trình sau:
1/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{x+1}+\dfrac{y}{y+1}=3\\\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{3y}{y+1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{x+1}+\dfrac{y}{y+1}=3\\\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{3y}{y+1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(Đk:x,y\ne-1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{x+1}+\dfrac{y}{y+1}=3\\\dfrac{2x}{x+1}+\dfrac{6y}{y+1}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5y}{y+1}=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5y=-5y-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10y=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=-2\)
<=>\(\dfrac{2x}{x+1}-\dfrac{x}{x+1}=4< =>x-4x=4< =>x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
GIẢI HỆ PHƯƠNG TRÌNH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x-y}{3}=x+y+1\\X-3y-5=\dfrac{2x-y}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x-y}{3}=x+y+1\\x-3y-5=\dfrac{2x-y}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=3\left(x+y+1\right)\\2\left(x-3y-5\right)=2x-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-3x-3y=3\\2x-6y-10-2x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-4y=3\\-5y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x+4y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=-3-4y=-3-4\cdot\left(-2\right)=8-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải hệ phương trình
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left|x-1\right|+\dfrac{2}{y-1}=8\\\left|x-1\right|-\dfrac{3}{y-1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>3|x-1|+2/y-1=8 và 3|x-1|=9/y-1=-3
=>11/y-1=11 và |x-1|-3/y-1=-1
=>y-1=1 và |x-1|=2
=>y=2 và (x-1=2 hoặc x-1=-2)
=>y=2 và (x=3 hoặc x=-1)
Giải hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{x+y}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[]{x-y}}=4\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[]{x+y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{x-y}}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x+y}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-y}}=4\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x+y}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-y}}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt: \(t=\sqrt{x+y}\) và \(k=\sqrt{x-y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{t}-\dfrac{2}{k}=4\\\dfrac{2}{t}+\dfrac{1}{k}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta lại đặt: \(a=\dfrac{1}{t}\) và \(u=\dfrac{1}{k}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2u=4\\2a+u=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2u=4\\4a+2u=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2u=4\\7a=14\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-2u=4\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=1\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà:
\(u=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{k}=1\Rightarrow k=1\)
\(a=2\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{t}=2\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta lại có:
\(k=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+y}=1\)
\(t=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-y}=1\\\sqrt{x+y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\x+y=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\2x=\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{8}-y=1\\x=\dfrac{5}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{3}{8}\\x=\dfrac{5}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x-\dfrac{5}{8};y=-\dfrac{3}{8}\)
Đặt 1/căn x+y=a; 1/căn x-y=b
Theo đề, ta có hệ:
3a-2b=4 và 2a+b=5
=>a=2 và b=1
=>x+y=1/4 và x-y=1
=>x=5/8 và y=-3/8
