Tính hợp lí
1-\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)(1+2)-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)(1+2+3)-\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)(1+2+3+4)-....-\(\dfrac{1}{101}\)(1+2+3+...+101)
2. Chứng minh
a, \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{50^2}\) < 1
b, \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)< \(\dfrac{1}{101}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{102}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{103}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{150}\)< \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Câu b hướng làm đó là tách con 1/3 và 1/2 ra thành 50 phân số giống nhau. E tách 1/3=50/150 rồi so sánh 1/101, 1/102,...,1/149 với 1/150. Còn vế sau 1/2=50/100 tách tương tự rồi so sánh thôi
2a.
$\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}$
$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+....+\frac{1}{49.50}$
$=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+...+\frac{50-49}{49.50}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}$
$=1-\frac{1}{50}< 1$ (đpcm)
2b.
Gọi tổng trên là $T$
Chứng minh vế đầu tiên:
Ta có:
$\frac{1}{101}> \frac{1}{150}$
$\frac{1}{102}> \frac{1}{150}$
....
$\frac{1}{149}> \frac{1}{150}$
$\Rightarrow T> \underbrace{\frac{1}{150}+\frac{1}{150}+...+\frac{1}{150}}_{50}=\frac{50}{150}=\frac{1}{3}$ (đpcm)
Chứng minh vế số 2:
$\frac{1}{101}< \frac{1}{100}$
$\frac{1}{102}< \frac{1}{100}$
....
$\frac{1}{150}< \frac{1}{100}$
$\Rightarrow T< \underbrace{\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}+....+\frac{1}{100}}_{50}=\frac{50}{100}=\frac{1}{2}$ (đpcm)
Tính hợp lí:
\(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+2-\dfrac{2}{3}+3-\dfrac{3}{4}-4-\dfrac{1}{3}-2-\dfrac{1}{2}-1\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+2-\dfrac{2}{3}+3-\dfrac{3}{4}-4-\dfrac{1}{3}-2-\dfrac{1}{2}-1=\left(1-1\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(3-4\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)+\left(2-2\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}=0-1-1-1+0-\dfrac{3}{4}=-3-\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{15}{4}\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+2-\dfrac{2}{3}+3-\dfrac{3}{4}-4-\dfrac{1}{3}-2-\dfrac{1}{2}-1\)
\(=\left(1-1\right)+\left(2-2\right)+\left(3-4\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=0+0+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=-3-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-12}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-15}{4}\)
Tính : \(A=-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{101}}\)
`3A=-1+1/3-1/3^2+.....+1/3^99-1/3^100`
`=>3A+A=4A=-1-1/3^101`
`=>A=(-1-1/3^101)/4`
Tính \(\left(100+\dfrac{99}{2}+\dfrac{98}{3}+... +\dfrac{2}{99}+\dfrac{1}{100}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{101}\right)-2\)
Tính hợp lí :
A = \(\dfrac{-2}{9}\) + \(\dfrac{-3}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{15}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{57}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{-1}{36}\)
B = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{-1}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{-5}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6}\) + \(\dfrac{-3}{35}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{41}\)
C = \(\dfrac{-1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{-1}{9}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{127}\) + \(\dfrac{-7}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{35}\) + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{99}-\dfrac{x+1}{101}+\dfrac{x-2}{98}-\dfrac{x+2}{102}+\dfrac{x-3}{97}-\dfrac{x+3}{103}+\dfrac{x-4}{96}-\dfrac{x+4}{104}=0\)
gặp mấy dạng này + hoặc - cho 1 số nào đó là giải đc , bn tự lm xem
Tính hợp lí
4\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)- 2\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+ 3\(\dfrac{7}{12}\) - 5\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=4+\dfrac{1}{6}-2-\dfrac{1}{3}+3+\dfrac{7}{12}-5-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{7}{12}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{2}{12}-\dfrac{4}{12}+\dfrac{7}{12}-\dfrac{9}{12}=0\)
\(=4+\dfrac{1}{6}-2-\dfrac{1}{3}+3+\dfrac{7}{12}-5-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(4-2+3-5\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{7}{12}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=0+\dfrac{2-4+7-9}{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4}{12}=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
M= \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}}-....+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{101}}\)
ta có : \(M=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}}-...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{101}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}{-1}-...+\dfrac{\sqrt{100}+\sqrt{101}}{-1}\)
\(=-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}+...-\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{101}\)
\(=-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{101}\) (xem kỉ chút là hiểu thôi)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}+\sqrt{101}}\)
Lời giải:
Sửa đề: \(B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{5}}-....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{101}}\)
Sử dụng công thức \(a-b=(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})\) với \(a,b>0\) ta có:
\(B=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{4}}+....-\frac{1}{\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}}\)
\(=-\frac{(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}+\frac{(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3})}{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}-\frac{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{4})(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{4})}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{4}}+....-\frac{(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100})(\sqrt{101}+\sqrt{100})}{\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}}\)
\(=-(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})+(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3})-(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{4})+...-(\sqrt{101}+\sqrt{100})\)
\(=-\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{2}\)