Câu 1: D

Câu 3: 53/144>9/170>9/230

Ta có : 

\(P=\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-1\right)!\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1.2.3...\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right).n}{1.2.3...\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{n}{n+1}\)

Ta cũng có : 

\(Q=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)!-n!}{\left(n+1\right)!+n!}=\dfrac{1.2.3..n\left(n+1\right)-1.2.3...n}{1.2.3..n\left(n+1\right)+1.2.3...n}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{1.2.3...n\left(n+1-1\right)}{1.2.3...n\left(n+1+1\right)}=\dfrac{n}{n+2}\)

Do \(n+1< n+2\Rightarrow\dfrac{n}{n+1}>\dfrac{n}{n+2}\).

Vậy : \(P>Q\)

a.

\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{5}\right)^{-1,2}=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}\right)^{-1,2}=\left(5^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}\right)^{-1,2}=5^{\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right).\left(-1,2\right)}=5^{0,6}>1\) do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5>1\\0,6>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^{\sqrt{2}}=\left(5^{-1}\right)^{\sqrt{2}}=5^{-\sqrt{2}}< 1\) do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5>1\\-\sqrt{2}< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{5}\right)^{-1,2}=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}\right)^{-\dfrac{6}{5}}=\left(1:\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}\right)^{-\dfrac{5}{6}}=\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^{-\dfrac{5}{6}}\)

\(1=\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^0\)

mà -5/6<0 và \(\sqrt{5}>1\)

nên \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{5}\right)^{-1,2}>1\)

b: \(0< \dfrac{1}{5}< 1\)

=>\(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^{\sqrt{2}}< \left(\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^0=1\)

a: Vì 0,2<1

nên hàm số \(y=\left(0,2\right)^x\) nghịch biến trên R

mà -3<-2

nên \(\left(0,2\right)^{-3}>\left(0,2\right)^{-2}\)

b: Vì \(0< \dfrac{1}{3}< 1\)

nên hàm số \(y=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^x\) nghịch biến trên R

mà \(2000< 2004\)

nên \(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2000}>\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2004}\)

c: Vì 3,2>1

nên hàm số \(y=\left(3,2\right)^x\) đồng biến trên R

mà \(1,5< 1,6\)

nên \(\left(3,2\right)^{1,5}< \left(3,2\right)^{1,6}\)

d: Vì \(0< 0,5< 1\)

nên hàm số \(y=\left(0,5\right)^x\) nghịch biến trên R

mà -2021>-2023

nên \(\left(0,5\right)^{-2021}< \left(0,5\right)^{-2023}\)

\(A=-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2^2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2014^2}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{\left(1\cdot3\right)\left(2\cdot4\right)\left(3\cdot5\right)...\left(2012\cdot2014\right)\left(2013\cdot2015\right)}{\left(2\cdot2\right)\left(3\cdot3\right)\left(4\cdot4\right)...\left(2013\cdot2013\right)\left(2014\cdot2014\right)}\)

\(A=\dfrac{\left(1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot...\cdot2012\cdot2013\right)\left(3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot...\cdot2014\cdot2015\right)}{\left(2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot...\cdot2013\cdot2014\right)\left(2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot...\cdot2013\cdot2014\right)}\)

\(A=\dfrac{1\cdot2015}{2014\cdot2}=\dfrac{2015}{4028}\)

Vì \(\dfrac{2015}{4028}>-\dfrac{1}{2}\) nên A > B

\(a,=\dfrac{13}{50}\cdot\dfrac{50}{13}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{31}{2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{169}{2}=-\dfrac{5239}{2}\\ b,=\dfrac{-\dfrac{49}{100}\cdot\left(-125\right)}{-\dfrac{343}{27}\cdot\dfrac{81}{16}\cdot\left(-1\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{245}{4}}{\dfrac{1029}{16}}=\dfrac{245}{4}\cdot\dfrac{16}{1029}=\dfrac{20}{21}\)

a) \(\dfrac{13}{50}.\left(-15.5\right):\dfrac{13}{50}.84\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{13}{50}.-75:\dfrac{13}{50}.\dfrac{169}{2}=-\dfrac{75.169}{2}=-\dfrac{12675}{2}\)

b) \(\dfrac{\left(-0,7\right)^2.\left(-5\right)^3}{\left(-2\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3.\left(1\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4.\left(-1\right)^5}=\dfrac{0,49.\left(-125\right)}{-\dfrac{343}{27}.\dfrac{81}{16}.\left(-1\right)}=-\dfrac{\dfrac{245}{4}}{\dfrac{1029}{16}}=\dfrac{20}{21}\)

\(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{4^2}-1\right)...\left(\dfrac{1}{2020^2}-1\right)\)

\(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{2^2}{2^2}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{3^2}{3^2}\right)....\left(\dfrac{1}{2020^2}-\dfrac{2020^2}{2020^2}\right)\)

\(B=\left(\dfrac{1-2^2}{2^2}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-3^2}{3^2}\right)...\left(\dfrac{1-2020^2}{2020^2}\right)\)

\(B=\dfrac{\left(1-2\right)\left(1+2\right)}{2^2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(1-3\right)\left(1+3\right)}{3^2}....\cdot\dfrac{\left(2020-1\right)\left(2020+1\right)}{2020^2}\) 

\(B=\dfrac{-1\cdot3}{2^2}\cdot\dfrac{-2\cdot4}{3^2}\cdot\dfrac{-3\cdot5}{4^2}\cdot....\cdot\dfrac{-2019\cdot2021}{2020}\)

\(B=\dfrac{-1\cdot-2\cdot-3\cdot...\cdot-2019}{2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot....\cdot2020}\)

\(B=\dfrac{-1\cdot-1\cdot-1\cdot....\cdot-1}{1}\)

\(B=-1\) (2019 số -1) 

Mà: \(-1< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

 \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\);...;\(\dfrac{1}{2020^2}\) < 1 ⇒ 0 > \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) - 1 > \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) - 1 >..> \(\dfrac{1}{2020^2}\) - 1

Xét dãy số 2; 3; 4;...; 2020 dãy số này có số số hạng là:

        (2020 - 2):1 + 1 = 2019 (số hạng)

Vậy B là tích của 2019 số âm nên B < 0 ⇒ B < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{12}=\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^3\\ \left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^9=\left(\dfrac{1}{27}\right)^3\\ Ta\text{ }có:\dfrac{1}{8}>\dfrac{1}{27}\\ Vậy:\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{12}>\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^9\)

\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{12}=\dfrac{1}{4096};\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^9=\dfrac{1}{19683}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4096}>\dfrac{1}{19683}\\ \Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{12}>\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^9\)

a: \(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-1\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{10}-1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{-2}{3}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{-9}{10}\)

\(=-\dfrac{1}{10}\)

9<10

=>1/9>1/10

=>\(-\dfrac{1}{9}< -\dfrac{1}{10}\)

=>\(A>-\dfrac{1}{9}\)

b: \(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-1\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{100}-1\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-1\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{10}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+1\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{10}+1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{-2}{3}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{-9}{10}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{11}{10}\)

\(=\dfrac{-1}{10}\cdot\dfrac{11}{2}=\dfrac{-11}{20}\)

20<21

=>\(\dfrac{11}{20}>\dfrac{11}{21}\)

=>\(-\dfrac{11}{20}< -\dfrac{11}{21}\)

=>\(B< -\dfrac{11}{21}\)