Do \(2x^2+x+1>0;\forall x\) nên pt tương đương:

\(y^2+1=\dfrac{x+5}{2x^2+x+1}\)

Ta có: \(6-\dfrac{x+5}{2x^2+x+1}=\dfrac{12x^2+5x+1}{2x^2+x+1}=\dfrac{12\left(x+\dfrac{5}{24}\right)^2+\dfrac{23}{48}}{2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}}>0\) ; \(\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+5}{2x^2+x+1}< 6\Rightarrow y^2+1< 6\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2< 5\) \(\Rightarrow y^2=\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)

- Với \(y^2=0\Rightarrow y=0\Rightarrow2x^2+x+1=x+5\Rightarrow x^2=2\) (ko tồn tại x nguyên thỏa mãn) \(\Rightarrow\) loại

- Với \(y^2=1\Rightarrow2\left(2x^2+x+1\right)=x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+x-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

- Với \(y^2=4\Rightarrow5\left(2x^2+x+1\right)=x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10x^2+4x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{2}{5}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt có 4 cặp nghiệm nguyên: 

\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-1;-1\right);\left(-1;1\right);\left(0;-2\right);\left(0;2\right)\)

Ta có \(2y^2⋮2\Rightarrow x^2\equiv1\left(mod2\right)\Rightarrow x^2\equiv1\left(mod4\right)\Rightarrow2y^2⋮4\Rightarrow y⋮2\Rightarrow x^2\equiv5\left(mod8\right)\) (vô lí).

Vậy pt vô nghiệm nguyên.

2: \(PT\Leftrightarrow3x^3+6x^2-12x+8=0\Leftrightarrow4x^3=\left(x-2\right)^3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{4}x=x-2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt[3]{4}-1}\).

a. 

$x^2-y^2-2x+2y=(x^2-y^2)-(2x-2y)=(x-y)(x+y)-2(x-y)=(x-y)(x+y-2)$

b.

$x^2(x-1)+16(1-x)=x^2(x-1)-16(x-1)=(x-1)(x^2-16)=(x-1)(x-4)(x+4)$

c.

$x^2+4x-y^2+4=(x^2+4x+4)-y^2=(x+2)^2-y^2=(x+2-y)(x+2+y)$

d.

$x^3-3x^2-3x+1=(x^3+1)-(3x^2+3x)=(x+1)(x^2-x+1)-3x(x+1)$

$=(x+1)(x^2-4x+1)$

e.

$x^4+4y^4=(x^2)^2+(2y^2)^2+2.x^2.2y^2-4x^2y^2$

$=(x^2+2y^2)^2-(2xy)^2=(x^2+2y^2-2xy)(x^2+2y^2+2xy)$

f.

$x^4-13x^2+36=(x^4-4x^2)-(9x^2-36)$

$=x^2(x^2-4)-9(x^2-4)=(x^2-9)(x^2-4)=(x-3)(x+3)(x-2)(x+2)$

g.

$(x^2+x)^2+4x^2+4x-12=(x^2+x)^2+4(x^2+x)-12$

$=(x^2+x)^2-2(x^2+x)+6(x^2+x)-12$

$=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-2)+6(x^2+x-2)=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+6)$

$=[x(x-1)+2(x-1)](x^2+x+6)=(x-1)(x+2)(x^2+x+6)$

h.

$x^6+2x^5+x^4-2x^3-2x^2+1$

$=(x^6+2x^5+x^4)-(2x^3+2x^2)+1$

$=(x^3+x^2)^2-2(x^3+x^2)+1=(x^3+x^2-1)^2$

a)2x²+4x=19-3y²

⇔2x²+4x+2=21-3y²

⇔2(x+1)²=3(7-y²)Ta có 2(x+1)²⋮2⇒3(7-y²)⋮2

⇒7-y²⋮2

⇒y lẻ (1)

Ta lại có 2(x+1)²≥0

⇒3(7-y²)≥0

⇒7-y²≥0

⇒y²≤7

⇒y²∈{1;4} (2)

Từ (1),(2)⇒y²∈{1}

⇒y∈{-1;1}

Ta có y²=1⇒2(x+1)²=3(7-y²)=18⇒(x+1)²=9

⇒x+1=3 hoặc x+1=-3

⇒x=2 hoặc x=-4

Vậy {x,y}={(-1;2);(-1;-4);(1;2);(1;-4)}

Theo hệ thức Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{5}{3}\\x_1x_2=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_1+y_2=2x_1-x_2+2x_2-x_1\\y_1y_2=\left(2x_1-x_2\right)\left(2x_2-x_1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_1+y_2=x_1+x_2\\y_1y_2=-2x_1^2-2x_2^2+5x_1x_2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_1+y_2=-\dfrac{5}{3}\\y_1y_2=-2\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2+9x_1x_2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_1+y_2=-\dfrac{5}{3}\\y_1y_2=-2.\left(-\dfrac{5}{3}\right)^2+9.\left(-2\right)=-\dfrac{212}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow y_1;y_2\) là nghiệm của:

\(y^2+\dfrac{5}{3}y-\dfrac{212}{9}=0\Leftrightarrow9y^2+10y-212=0\)

a) (x - y)(x + y + 3).                    b) (x + y - 2xy)(2 + y + 2xy).

c) x 2 (x + l)( x 3  -  x 2  + 2).              d) (x – 1 - y)[ ( x   -   1 ) 2   +   ( x   -   1 ) y   +   y 2 ].

Yêu cầu đề là gì vậy bạn?

\(pt< =>\left(x-y\right)^2+xy=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy+2\right)+9\)

\(< =>\left(y-x\right)\left(xy+2+y-x\right)+xy+2+y-x-\left(y-x\right)=11\)

\(< =>\left(y-x+1\right)\left(xy+2+y-x\right)-\left(y-x+1\right)=10\)

\(< =>\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x-y-1-xy\right)=10\)

đến đây giải hơi bị khổ =))

      \(x+y+xy=x^2+y^2\)

⇔  \(2xy+2x+2y=2x^2+2y^2\)

⇔ \(\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=2\)           

⇔  \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=2\)

⇔ 

⇔ 

Các cặp số nguyên (x, y) thỏa mãn phương trình là : (0; 0); (2; 2); (0; 1); (2; 1); (1; 0);(1;2).