Cho a+b+c=3
CMR: \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Cho a,b,c>0 và a+b+c=3CMR
\(\frac{a}{b^3+ab}+\frac{b}{c^3+bc}+\frac{c}{a^3+ac}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a}{c+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b}{a+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c}{b+c^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\left(\dfrac{a}{c+a^2}+\dfrac{b}{a+b^2}+\dfrac{c}{b+c^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}-\left(\dfrac{a}{2a\sqrt{c}}+\dfrac{b}{2b\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{c}{2c\sqrt{b}}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}\right)\)\(=3-\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}}{4a}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{4b}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{c}}{4c}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\left(\dfrac{a+1}{4a}+\dfrac{b+1}{4b}+\dfrac{c+1}{4c}\right)\)
\(=3-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4c}\right)\ge3-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Cho \(a+b+c\le3\) .cm : \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3-\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3-a+1+b^4-b^3-b+1+c^4-c^3-c+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)+\left(b-1\right)^2\left(b^2+b+1\right)+\left(c-1\right)^2\left(c^2+c+1\right)\ge0\) đúng với mọi a, b, c.
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
áp dụng cô si ta có:
+)\(\frac{a^5}{b^3}+\frac{a^3}{b}\ge\frac{2a^4}{b^2};\frac{b^5}{c^3}+\frac{b^3}{c}\ge\frac{2b^4}{c^2};\frac{c^5}{a^3}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\frac{2c^4}{a^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^3}+\frac{b^5}{c^3}+\frac{c^5}{a^3}\ge2\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\right)-\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)\)
+)\(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+a^2\ge\frac{2a^3}{b};\frac{b^4}{c^2}+b^2\ge\frac{2b^3}{c};\frac{c^4}{a^2}+c^2\ge\frac{2C^3}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\ge2\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
+)\(\frac{a^3}{b}+ab\ge2a^2;\frac{b^3}{c}+bc\ge2b^2;\frac{c^3}{a}+ca\ge2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\ge\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}-a^2-b^2-c^2\right)\ge\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^3}+\frac{b^5}{c^3}+\frac{c^5}{a^3}\ge\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\right)+\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}-\frac{a^3}{b}-\frac{b^3}{c}-\frac{c^3}{a}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a^4}{b^2}+\frac{b^4}{c^2}+\frac{c^4}{a^2}\right)\)
1. Cho a,b,c t/m: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\\b\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\\c\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) và \(a+b+c=6\)
\(CMR:\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}\)
2. Cho x,y >0 t/m: \(2x+3y-13\ge0\)
Tìm min \(P=x^2+3x+\dfrac{4}{x}+y^2+\dfrac{9}{y}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3a-16}{25}=\dfrac{\left(3a-4\right)\left(a-2\right)^2}{25\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}\)
CMTT \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(b-2\right)}{25}\\\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)+3\left(b-2\right)+3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c-6\right)}{25}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Cho a,b,c> 0, a+b+c=3
CMR \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Một kiểu biến đổi tương đương khác.
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\). Giả sử \(c=min\left\{a,b,c\right\}\)
\(VT-VP=\frac{\left(7a^2+8ab-ac+7b^2-bc-2c^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a^2+ac+b^2+bc+2c^2\right)\left(a+b-2c\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Ta có qed./.
P/s: Bài giải trong 3 dòng:D
Làm sao để biến đổi được như mình? Không hề khó! Ta có:
\(f\left(a;b;c\right)=f_1\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)+f_2\left(a-b\right)^2\) (1)
\(=f_1\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)+f_2\left(a+b-2c+2\left(c-b\right)\right)^2\)
\(=f_1\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)+f_2\left(a+b-2c\right)^2+4f_2\left(a+b-2c\right)\left(c-b\right)+4f_2\left(c-b\right)^2\)
\(=f_1\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)+f_2\left(a+b-2c\right)^2+4f_2\left(c-b\right)\left(a+b-2c+c-b\right)\)
\(=-\left(4f_2-f_1\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)+f_2\left(a+b-2c\right)^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(f\left(a;b;c\right)=\frac{f_2\left(4f_2-f_1\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+f_2.f_1.\left(a+b-2c\right)^2}{4f_2-f_1+f_1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(4f_2-f_1\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+f_1\left(a+b-2c\right)^2}{4}\) (3)
Như vậy, ta chỉ cần tìm được cách phân tích (1) thì sẽ tìm được cách phân tích (3).
Trở lại bài trên: \(VT-VP=2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)-a^3\left(b+c\right)-b^3\left(c+a\right)-c^3\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2+ac+b^2+bc+2c^2\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)+2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\)
Từ đó dẫn đến cách phân tích bên trên.
Lời giải:
Sử dụng PP biến đổi tương đương kết hợp với \(a+b+c=3\)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\geq a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3(a^4+b^4+c^4)\geq (a+b+c)(a^3+b^3+c^3)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3(a^4+b^4+c^4)\geq a^4+b^4+c^4+a^3b+a^3c+b^3c+b^3a+c^3a+c^3b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(a^4+b^4+c^4)\geq a^3b+a^3c+b^3c+b^3a+c^3b+c^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a^4+b^4-a^3b-b^3a)+(b^4+c^4-b^3c-bc^3)+(c^4+a^4-a^3c-ac^3)\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow [a^3(a-b)-b^3(a-b)]+[b^3(b-c)-c^3(b-c)]+[c^3(c-a)-a^3(c-a)]\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2(a^2+ab+b^2)+(b-c)^2(b^2+bc+c^2)+(c-a)^2(c^2+ca+a^2)\geq 0\)
(Luôn đúng)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Cho a,b,c>0. CMR \(\frac{a^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Ta có BĐT sau:
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}\ge\frac{a+b}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\left(true\right)\)
Khi đó tương tự ta có nốt \(\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}\ge\frac{b+c}{2};\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge\frac{c+a}{2}\)
Khi đó \(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=a+b+c\)
Ta dễ chứng minh được
\(\frac{a^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4}{c^3+a^3}=\frac{b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{a^4}{a^3+c^3}\)( trừ cái là xong )
Khi đó \(LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Ta có điều phải chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại a=b=c
Sử dụng BĐT Cauchu Schawrz cũng được
Cho a + b + c = 3. Chứng minh rằng \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Làm luôn:v
\(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)*Đúng*
P/s: kiểm tra giúp xem em có tính sai chỗ nào ko nha! Dạo hay em hay nhầm lẫn lắm:(
Cho \(a,b,c>0\) thỏa mãn \(a^4+b^4+c^4=3\). Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3+1}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3+1}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^3+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Chứng minh rằng
a, \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\))
b, \(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
c, \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\)
c) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-schwars ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+b\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)
đpcm
a) \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
<=> \(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^4+b^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\) với mọi a, b
Vậy \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b
b) \(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)(1)
<=> \(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge ab^3+ac^3+ba^3+bc^3+ca^3+cb^3\)
<=> \(\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\left(b^4+c^4\right)+\left(c^4+a^4\right)\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+ac\left(a^2+c^2\right)\) đúng áp dụng câu a
Vậy (1) đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c.
Hoac cau c lam nhu the nay:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b}\cdot b}=2a\)
\(\frac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{c}\cdot c}=2b\)
\(\frac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{a}\cdot a}=2c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}+a+b+c\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\)