2\(\sqrt{x+2+\sqrt{x+1}}\) - \(\sqrt{x+1}\) = 4;  Đk \(x\ge\) -1

2\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}\right)^2+2\sqrt{x+1}+1}\) - \(\sqrt{x+1}\) = 4 

2\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)^2}\) - \(\sqrt{x+1}\) = 4

2(\(\sqrt{x+1}\) + 1) -  \(\sqrt{x+1}\) = 4

2\(\sqrt{x+1}\) + 2  - \(\sqrt{x+1}\) = 4

  \(\sqrt{x+1}\)       = 4 - 2

   \(\sqrt{x+1}\)       = 2

    \(x+1\)      = 4

    \(x\)              = 4 - 1

       \(x\)            = 3

\(...\Rightarrow2\sqrt[]{x+1+2\sqrt[]{x+1+1}}-\sqrt[]{x+1}=4\left(x\ge-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt[]{\left(\sqrt[]{x+1}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt[]{x+1}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow2|\sqrt[]{x+1}+1|-\sqrt[]{x+1}=4\left(1\right)\)

Nếu \(\sqrt[]{x+1}+1\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge-1\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow2\sqrt[]{x+1}+1-\sqrt[]{x+1}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[]{x+1}=3\Rightarrow x+1=9\Rightarrow x=8\)

Nếu \(\sqrt[]{x+1}+1\le0\Rightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

Vậy \(x=8\)

Đk: `1 <=x <=7`.

Đặt `sqrt(7-x) = a, sqrt(x-1) = b`.

Phương trình trở thành: `b^2+1 + 2a = 2b + ab + 1`.

`<=> b^2 + 2a = 2b + ab.`

`<=> b(b-2) = a(b-2)`

`<=> (b-a)(b-2) = 0`

`<=> a =b` hoặc `b = 2.`

`@ a = b => 7 - x = x - 1`

`<=> 8 = 2x <=> x = 4`.

`@ b = 2 => sqrt(x-1) = 2`

`<=> x - 1 = 4`

`<=> x = 5`.

Vậy `x = 4` hoặc `x = 5`.

\(\text{ĐKXĐ:}1\le x\le7\)

PT đã cho tương đương với:

\(x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{7-x}-\sqrt{x-1}.\sqrt{7-x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)-\sqrt{7-x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{7-x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{7-x}\\\sqrt{x-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=7-x\\x-1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(tm\right)\\x=5\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{4;5\right\}\)

\(ĐK:x\ge-1\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=a\\\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)

\(PT\Leftrightarrow b^2-1+2ab=2a\\ \Leftrightarrow2ab-2a+b^2-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2a\left(b-1\right)+\left(b-1\right)\left(b+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2a+b+1\right)\left(b-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow b-1=0\left(2a+b+1>0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow b=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)

\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)

1) \(\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=5-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=2^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{3}\) (ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=3+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)

3) \(\sqrt{43-x}=x-1\) (ĐK: \(x\le43\))

\(\Leftrightarrow43-x=\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1=43-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-42=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-7\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\left(tm\right)\\x=-6\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

4) \(x-\sqrt{4x-3}=2\) (ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x-3}=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x-3=\left(x-2\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=4x-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-8x+7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-7\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

5) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+3=2\sqrt{x}+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}=3-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(tm\right)\)

1)

\(\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+1=5\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2=5-1=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy PT có nghiệm `x=2` hoặc `x=-2`

2)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-1=3\\ \Leftrightarrow2x=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy PT có nghiệm `x=2`

3)

\(ĐKXĐ:x\le43\)

PT trở thành:

\(43-x=\left(x-1\right)^2=x^2-2x+1\\ \Leftrightarrow43-x-x^2+2x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+x+42=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-6\left(tm\right)\\x=7\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy PT có nghiệm `x=-6` hoặc `x=7`

4)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

PT trở thành:

\(\sqrt{4x-3}=x-2\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-3=\left(x-2\right)^2=x^2-4x+4\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-3-x^2+4x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+8x-7=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\x=7\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy PT có nghiệm \(x=1\) hoặc \(x=7\)

5) 

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)

PT trở thành:

\(\sqrt{x+3}=2\sqrt{x}+2\\ \Leftrightarrow x+3=\left(2\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2=4x+8\sqrt{x}+4\\ \Leftrightarrow x+3-4x-8\sqrt{x}-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-3x-8\sqrt{x}-1=0\left(1\right)\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)

Khi đó:

(1)\(\Leftrightarrow3t^2+8t+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{-4+\sqrt{13}}{3}\left(loại\right)\\t=\dfrac{-4-\sqrt{13}}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy PT vô nghiệm.

Bài 1:

$\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{5}$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=5$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-4=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x+2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $x+2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\pm 2$ (đều tm)

2. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{1}{2}$

PT $\Leftrightarrow 2x-1=3$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (tm) 

3. ĐKXĐ: $x\leq 43$

PT \(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-1\geq 0\\ 43-x=(x-1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ x^2-x-42=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ (x+6)(x-7)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

$\Rightarrow x=7$ (tm) 

Do có quá ít câu hỏi nên bạn nào trả lời được, mình sẽ xóa khỏi mục "Câu hỏi hay" nhé!

\(ĐK:x\ge2\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+3=3\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x-2}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=a\\\sqrt{x-2}=b\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)

\(PT\Leftrightarrow ab+3=3a+b\\ \Leftrightarrow3a-3+b-ab=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(a-1\right)-b\left(a-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3-b\right)\left(a-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\Rightarrow x-1=1\Rightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\\b=3\Rightarrow x-2=9\Rightarrow x=11\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{2;11\right\}\)

1.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{3+\sqrt{41}}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-1+2\sqrt{x\left(x^2-1\right)}=2x^2-3x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-3-2\sqrt{\left(x^2-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x}=a>0\\\sqrt{x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-3b^2-2ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-3b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=3b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x}=3\sqrt{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=9\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\) (bạn tự hoàn thành nhé)

2.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a\ge0\) pt trở thành:

\(x^3+3\left(x^2-4a^2\right)a=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3ax^2-4a^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left(x+2a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=x\\2a=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=x\left(x\ge0\right)\\2\sqrt{x+1}=-x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=x+1\\x^2=4x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-1=0\\x^2-4x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=2-2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

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