`VT = (b-c)/((a-b)(a-c)) + (c-a)/((b-c)(b-a)) +(a-b)/((c-a)(c-b)) = 2/(a-b) + 2/(b-c) + 2/(c-a)`

`=-((a-b-a+c)/((a-b)(a-c))+(b-c-b+a)/((b-c)(b-a))+(c-a-c+b)/((c-a)(c-b)))`

`=-((a-b)/((a-b)(a-c))-(a-c)/((a-b)(a-c))+(b-c)/((b-c)(b-a))-(b-a)/((b-c)(b-a))+(c-a)/((c-a)(c-b))-(c-b)/((c-a)(c-b)))`

`= 1/(c-a)+1/(a-b)+1/(a-b)+1/(b-c)+1/(b-c)+1/(c-a)`

`=2/(a-b)+2/(b-c)+2/(c-a)=VP(đpcm)`

Biến đổi tương đương thôi em, dễ mà =)

Bài này mình làm một lần ở trường rồi nhưng không có điện thoại chụp được:((

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{a^3\left(c-b\right)+b^3\left(a-c\right)-c^3\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{a^3\left(c-b\right)+b^3a-b^3c-c^3a+c^3b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{a^3\left(c-b\right)-a\left(c^3-b^3\right)+bc\left(c^2-b^2\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{a^3\left(c-b\right)-a\left(c-b\right)\left(a^2+bc+b^2\right)+bc\left(c-b\right)\left(c+b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left(a^3-ac^2-abc-ab^2+bc^2+b^2c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left[a\left(a^2-b^2\right)-c^2\left(a-b\right)-bc\left(a-b\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left[a\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)-bc\left(a-b\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab-c-bc\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[a^2-c^2+ab-bc\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a-c\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)\(=a+b+c\)

Vì a, b, c là các số nguyên

=> a+b+c là các số nguyên

=> Đpcm.

Đấy mình làm chi tiết tiền tiệt lắm luôn, không hiểu thì mình chịu rồi, trời lạnh mà đánh máy nhiều thế này buốt tay lắm luôn:vv

Xét 2 TH sau:

TH1: a+b+c=0

Khi đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}\\ =-1\)

TH2: a+b+c khác 0

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

Suy ra: a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b

Do đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\\ =8\)

Xét 2 TH sau:

TH1: a+b+c=0

Khi đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}\\ =-1\)

TH2: a+b+c khác 0

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

Suy ra: a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b

Do đó:

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\\ =\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{c+a}{a}\\ =\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\\ =8\)

Bổ sung cho bạn Lương Thị Quỳnh Trang

Đặt \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=k\left(k\in R\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=ck\\b+c=ak\\c+a=bk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng 3 đẳng thức trên, ta có:

2(a + b + c) = (a + b + c)k

<=> (a + b + c)(k - 2) = 0

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với a + b + c = 0 thì giải như bạn ở dưới

Với k = 2 \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c+a=2b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=3c\\a+b+c=3a\\a+b+c=3b\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> 3a = 3b = 3c (= a + b + c) <=> a = b = c 

\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)=2.2.2=8\)

Vậy M = 8

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{b-c}{1\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\dfrac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{c-b}{1\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{a-c}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{b-a}{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

Quy đồng rút gọn ta được

\(=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca-a^2-b^2-c^2\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left[\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{a-b}+\dfrac{1}{b-c}+\dfrac{1}{c-a}\right)\)

PS: Hôm qua đi chơi nên nay mới giải nhé.

\(\dfrac{y-z}{a\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{z-x}{b\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{x-y}{c\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a\left(y+z\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{b\left(z+x\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{c\left(x+y\right)}{abc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)-\left(z+x\right)}{ab-ac}=\dfrac{y-z}{a\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)-\left(x+y\right)}{bc-ab}=\dfrac{z-x}{b\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{\left(z+x\right)-\left(y+z\right)}{ac-bc}=\dfrac{x-y}{c\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y-z}{a\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{z-x}{b\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{x-y}{c\left(a-b\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)

TH1 : a + b + c ≠ 0

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó \(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}=8\)

TH2 : a + b + c = 0

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó \(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}=\dfrac{-c}{b}.\dfrac{-a}{c}.\dfrac{-b}{a}=-1\)

\(B=\dfrac{bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=-\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)+ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=-\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left[-\left(b-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]+ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=-\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(bc-ca\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(ab-ca\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=-\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)c\left(b-a\right)+\left(a-b\right)a\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=-\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=x\\b-c=y\\c-a=z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2\cdot0}{xyz}}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|\left(đpcm\right)\)