Chứng minh rằng :
Nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) thì \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\) (với a,b,c,d \(\ne\) 0)
Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?
Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?
Chứng minh rằng nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\ne1\)(a,b,c,d\(\ne\)0)Thì \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự :
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) suy ra : \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\) khi \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Đặt: a/b = c/d = k => a = bk, c = dk
Ta có:
a + b/a - b = bk + b/bk - b = b(k+1)/ b(k-1) = k+1/k-1 (1)
c + d/c- d = dk +d/ dk - d = d(k+1)/d(k-1) = k+1/k-1 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => a+b/a-b = c+d/c-d
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(d-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\rightarrowđpcm\)
\(Cho\) : \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với a,b,c,d ≠ 0;c ≠ d,-d
Chứng minh rằng : \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu: \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{b+c}{d+a}\) trong đó a + b + c + d ≠ 0 thì a = c.
Từ \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{b+c}{d+a}\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(d+a\right)=\left(b+c\right)\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+a^2+bd+ba=bc+bd+c^2+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+a\left(b+d\right)=c^2+c\left(b+d\right)\)
Vì đt trên bằng nhau : \(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)=c\left(b+d\right)\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
Chứng minh rằng: Nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) thì \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu:
(a + b + c + d) (a - b - c + d) = (a - b + c - d) (a + b - c - d)
thì\(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)
(a, b, c, d khác 0)
Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a-b-c+d\right)=\left(a-b+c-d\right)\left(a+b-c-d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+d\right)^2-\left(b+c\right)^2=\left(a-d\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+d-a+d\right)\left(a+d+a-d\right)=\left(b+c-b+c\right)\left(b+c+b-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2d\cdot2a=2c\cdot2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
hay \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) ( a,b,c khác 0, \(a\ne b,c\ne d\))
chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
Cho các số hữu tỉ \(x=\dfrac{a}{b};y=\dfrac{c}{d};z=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(a,b,c,d\in Z;b>0;d>0\right)\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu x < y thì x < y < z .
Đề bài sai
Ví dụ: với \(a=1;b=2;c=3,d=4\) thì \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; \(y=\dfrac{3}{4}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Khi đó \(x< y\) nhưng \(z< y\)
\(\text{Vì }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\text{ nên }ad< bc\left(1\right)\)
\(\text{Xét tích}:a\left(b+d\right)=ab+ad\left(2\right)\)
\(b\left(a+c\right)=ba+bc\left(3\right)\)
\(\text{Từ(1);(2);(3)}\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\text{ do đó }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(4\right)\)
\(\text{Tương tự ta có:}\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\left(5\right)\)
\(\text{Từ (4);(5) ta được }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow x< y< z\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu a + c = 2b và 2bd = c.(b + d) với b, d khác 0 thì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)