a ) Ta có : \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=4\left(ab+ac+bc\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2a^2bc+2c^2ab\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+8abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)+8abc.0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)\)

Lại có : \(\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}=\dfrac{2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}{2}\)

\(=a^4+b^4+c^4\left(đpcm\right)\)

b ) \(a+b+c+d=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-\left(c+d\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+\left(c+d\right)^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3+3a^2b+3b^2a+3c^2d+3d^2c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=-3a^2b-3b^2a-3c^2d-3d^2c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left(-a^2b-b^2a-c^2d-d^2c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left[-ab\left(a+b\right)-cd\left(c+d\right)\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left[ab\left(c+d\right)-cd\left(c+d\right)\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left(ab-cd\right)\left(c+d\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(\frac{a^4}{\left(a^2-b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)}=\frac{a^4}{\left[\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]\left[\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)+b^2\right]}\)

\(\frac{a^4}{\left[-c\left(a-b\right)+c^2\right]\left[-b\left(a-c\right)+b^2\right]}=\frac{a^4}{4bc\left(b+c\right)^2}=\frac{a^4}{4a^2bc}\)

Tương tự với 2 phân thức còn lại, ta cũng có : \(\frac{b^4}{b^4-\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2}=\frac{b^4}{4ab^2c};\frac{c^4}{c^4-\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2}=\frac{c^4}{4abc^2}\)

\(VT=\frac{a^4}{4a^2bc}+\frac{b^4}{4ab^2c}+\frac{c^4}{4abc^2}=\frac{a^4bc+ab^4c+abc^4}{4a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{4a^2b^2c^2}\)

\(VT=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\)

Mà \(a+b+c=0\) nên \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) ( tự cm ) 

\(\Rightarrow\)\(VT=\frac{3abc}{4abc}=\frac{3}{4}\) ( đpcm ) 

Chúc bạn học tốt ~ 

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq 4\sqrt[4]{\frac{a^4}{27.27.9}}=\frac{4a}{9}\)

\(\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq \frac{4b}{9}\)

\(\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq \frac{4c}{9}\)

Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:

\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}+\frac{2(a+b+c)}{27}+\frac{7}{9}\geq\frac{4(a+b+c)}{9}\)

\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}\geq \frac{10(a+b+c)}{27}-\frac{7}{9}=\frac{30}{27}-\frac{7}{9}=\frac{1}{3}\)

Ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$

Đặt :

\(A=\)\(\dfrac{a^4}{a^4-\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^4-\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^4-\left(a^2-b^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^4}{\left(a^2-b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^4}{\left(b^2-c^2+a^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^4}{\left(c^2-a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+a^2-b^2\right)}\)

Ta có : \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=-c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(-c\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-c^2=-2ab\)

Tương tự :

+) \(a^2-b^2+c^2=-2ac\)

+) \(b^2+c^2-a^2=-2bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{a^4}{\left(-2ac\right)\left(-2ab\right)}+\dfrac{b^4}{\left(-2ab\right)\left(-2bc\right)}+\dfrac{c^4}{\left(-2bc\right)\left(-2ac\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^4}{4a^2bc}+\dfrac{b^4}{4ab^2c}+\dfrac{c^4}{4abc^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^4bc+ab^4c+abc^4}{4a^2b^2c^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{4a^2b^2c^2}\) (cậu tự chứng minh \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) nhé)

\(=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{4a^2b^2c^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Vậy..

Viết gọn lại, ta cần chứng minh:
\(\sum\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\sum4\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\sum4\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{ab}}\right)=\sum\dfrac{4ab}{a+b}\)

Thật vậy, ta có:

\(\sum\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\sum\left(2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{1}{4}}\right)^2=\sum a+b\)

Vậy ta cần chứng minh:

\(\sum a+b\ge\sum\dfrac{4ab}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(a+b\right)^2\ge\sum4ab\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

Vậy ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c

Đành giải tạm bằng nick này vì sợ một vài thành phần trẻ trâu anti phá phách :poor:

Phân tích và giải

Dễ thấy: Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(\Rightarrow L=Σ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\text{ và }F=-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Khi đó \(VT=L-F=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Ta sẽ chia làm 2 bước cm:

B1: \(Σ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\). Ta xét BĐT :

\(\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le\dfrac{3\left(a^{2k}+a^k\right)}{8\left(a^{2k}+a^k+1\right)}\) (cần tìm \(k\) thỏa mãn)

\(\Leftrightarrow8a\left(a^{2k}+a^k+1\right)-3\left(a^{2k}+a^k\right)\left(a^2+2a+1\right)\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(a\right)=-3a^{2k}+2a^{k+1}-3a^{k+2}+2a^{2k+1}-3a^{2k+2}-3a^k+8a\)

\(\Rightarrow f'\left(a\right)=2k\cdot-3a^{2k-1}+\left(k+1\right)2a^k-\left(k+2\right)3a^{k+1}+\left(2k+1\right)2a^{2k}-\left(2k+2\right)3a^{2k+1}-k\cdot3a^{k-1}+8a\)

\(\Rightarrow f'\left(1\right)=0\Rightarrow-12k=0\Rightarrow k=0\)

Hay BĐT phụ cần tìm là \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le\dfrac{3\left(a^{2\cdot0}+a^0\right)}{8\left(a^{2\cdot0}+a^0+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\) (bài này \(k\) đẹp ra luôn \(\farac{1}{4}\) cộng vào là ok =))

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{4\left(a+1\right)^2}\le0\) *Đúng* \(\RightarrowΣ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\leΣ\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

B2: CM \(-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Tự cm nhé Goodluck :v

đây là hệ số bất định

Một lời giải sơ cấp:

Đổi \(\left(a;b;c\right)\rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y};\dfrac{y}{z};\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\).BDT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\sum\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{4xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\dfrac{3}{4}-\sum\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]+\left[\dfrac{4xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left[\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]-\dfrac{\sum\left(x^2+y^2\right)z-6xyz}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sum z\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(x-y\right)^2\left[\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{z}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\right]\ge0\)

hay \(S_a\left(y-z\right)^2+S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)(*)

với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S_a=\dfrac{1}{4\left(y+z\right)^2}-\dfrac{x}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}{4\left(y+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\\S_b=\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+z\right)^2}-\dfrac{y}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}{4\left(x+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\\S_c=\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{z}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}{4\left(x+y\right)^2\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Dễ thấy \(S_a;S_b;S_c\) không phải là luôn không âm.Giả sử \(x=max\left\{x;y;z\right\}\).

Từ đó suy ra \(S_a\ge0\).Xét \(S_b+S_c=\dfrac{\left(y-z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x+z\right)^2}\ge0,\forall x;y;z>0\)

Do đó \(VT=S_a\left(x-y\right)^2+\left[S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\ge0\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh \(S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) với \(S_b+S_c\ge0\)

và điều này đúng hay không e không biết, quan trọng là .. Chúc Mừng Năm Mới !!

Câu 1:

Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}-ab\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)

Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\) (1)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)

Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

5 , a³+b³+c³\(\ge\) 3abc

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a³+3a²b+3ab²+b³+c³-3a²b-3ab²-3abc\(\ge\) 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)³+c³-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a²+2ab+b²-ac-bc+c²)-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a²+b²+c²-ab-bc-ca)\(\ge0\) (1)

ta co : a,b,c>0 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b+c>0 (2)

(a-b)²+(b-c)²+(c-a)²\(\ge0\)

<=> 2a²+2b²+2c²-2ac-2cb-2ab\(\ge0\)

<=>a²+b²+c²-ab-bc-ac\(\ge\) 0 (3)

Từ (1)(2)(3)=> pt luôn đúng