a, \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}Cu+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y = 40 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}+3n_{Fe_2O_3}=x+3y=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,3.80=24\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 28x + 2y = 11,8 (1)

PT: \(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\)

\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CO}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ x + y = 0,7 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = 0,4 (mol), y = 0,3 (mol)

a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{0,4.28}{11,8}.100\%\approx94,9\%\\\%m_{H_2}\approx5,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ở cùng điều kiện nhiệt độ và áp suất, % số mol cũng là % thể tích.

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,7}.100\%\approx57,14\%\\\%V_{H_2}\approx42,86\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

PTHH: 

\(2CO+O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2CO_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2H_2+O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2H_2O\left(2\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của CO và H₂

a. Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{CO}=\dfrac{1}{2}x\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₂₎: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,35\) (*)

Theo đề, ta có: \(28x+2y=11,8\) (**)

Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,35\\28x+2y=11,8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=2.0,3=0,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{H_2}}=\dfrac{0,6}{11,8}.100\%=5,08\%\)

\(\%_{m_{CO}}=100\%-5,08\%=94,92\%\)

b. \(\%_{V_{CO}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4+0,3}.100\%=57,1\%\)

\(\%_{V_{H_2}}=100\%-57,1\%=42,9\%\)

Số mol CO = 7,84/22,4 = 0,35 mol

CuO + CO  → t °  Cu +  CO 2

Fe 2 O 3  + 3CO  → t °  2Fe + 3 CO 2

  n CuO = x;  n Fe 2 O 3  = y

Ta có phương trình:

x + 3y = 0,35

80x + 160y = 20

=> x= 0,05; y = 0,1

% m CuO = 80 x 0,05 / 20 x 100% = 20%

% m Fe 2 O 3  = 100% - 20% = 80%

a, -Gọi số mol của CuO và Fe2O3 lần lượt là x, y ( mol )

PTKL : \(80x+160y=40\left(I\right)\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

..x.........x............

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

...y............3y......

=> \(n_{H_2}=x+3y=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\left(II\right)\)

- Giair I và II ta được : x = 0,3 , y = 0,1 ( mol )

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mCuO=n.M=24\left(g\right)\\mFe2O3=mhh-mCuO=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(\%CuO=\dfrac{m}{mhh}.100\%=60\%\)

=> %Fe2O3 =100% - %CuO = 40% .

Vậy ...

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

0,2     0,2               0,2       0,2

\(a,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\%=56\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)

\(b,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

  \(1\)          \(1\)                             \(1\)

  \(0,2\)        \(0,2\)                      \(0,2\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=n.M=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(^0/_0Fe=\dfrac{11,2}{20}.100^0/_0=56^0/_0\)

\(^0/_0Cu=100^0/_0-56^0/_0=44^0/_0\)

\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)

Câu 1:

a, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 80x + 160y = 40 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}+3n_{Fe_2O_3}=x+3y\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ x + 3y = 0,6 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,3.80=24\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 4:

PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{150}{18}=\dfrac{25}{3}\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ ta được H₂O dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m_Na + m_H2O - m_H2 = 6,9 + 150 - 0,15.2 = 156,6 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{156,6}.100\%\approx7,66\%\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

PTHH: 2Na +2H₂O →2NaOH+ H₂ ↑

\(+n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH ta có: 

\(+n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(+n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(+m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(gam\right)\)

\(+C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{150+6,9-0,15.2}.100\%\approx7,66\%\)

\(m_{Fe_3O_4} = \dfrac{31,2 + 15,2}{2} = 23,2(gam) \Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4} = \dfrac{23,2}{232} = 0,1(mol)\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ n_{Fe} = 3n_{Fe_3O_4} = 0,3(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,3.56 = 16,8(gam)\\ CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ n_{Cu} = n_{CuO} = \dfrac{31,2-23,2}{80} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 0,1.64 = 6,4(gam)\)

Ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}+m_{Fe_3O_4}=31,2\\m_{Fe_3O_{\text{4}}}-m_{CuO}=15,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=23.2\\m_{CuO}=8\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)

\(0,1\rightarrow\)                0.3

\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

\(0,1\rightarrow\)           0,1

\(m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(CuO+CO\rightarrow Cu+CO_2\)

..x..........x.........................

\(PbO+CO\rightarrow Pb+CO_2\)

..y........y........................

- Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+223y=3,83\\x+y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=1,6\\m_{PbO}=2,23\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(n_K=n_{CO_2}=x+y=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V=0,672\left(l\right)\)

c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

........................0,03........0,03.............

\(\Rightarrow m_{kt}=3\left(g\right)\) 

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{PbO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{CuO}+m_{PbO}=3,83\\ \Rightarrow80x+223y=3,83\left(1\right)\)

\(PTHH:CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)......x\rightarrow..x....x.....x\\ PTHH:PbO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+CO_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)......y\rightarrow..y....y.....y\\ n_{CO}=\dfrac{0,84}{28}=0,03\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,03\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) ta có hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+223y=3,83\\x+y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hpt ta được \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=80.0,02=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{PbO}=3,83-1,6=2,23\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,V_{CO_2}=\left(x+y\right).22,4=\left(0,02+0,01\right).22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\)

\(c,n_{CO_2}=x+y=0,02+0,01=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ \left(mol\right)................0,03\rightarrow0,03\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,03.100=3\left(g\right)\)

nCO = 0.84/28 = 0.03 (mol)

Đặt nCuO= x (mol)

nPbO = y (mol)

Bảo Toàn e : 

2x +2y = 0.06 (1)

Và : 80x + 223y =3.83(2)

Từ (1) và (2) 

=> x = 0.02 ; y = 0.01 

=> m PbO = 223 . 0,01 = 2.23 (g)

m CuO = 3,83 - 2,23 = 1.6 (g)

b. Bảo toàn nguyên tố C

=> n CO2 = 0.03 × 22.4 = 0.672 (l)

c. Bảo toàn nguyên tố C : 

m CaCO3 = 100 × 0.03 = 3 (g) 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(H_2+O\rightarrow H_2O\)

\(0.3.....0.3\)

\(2Al+3O\rightarrow Al_2O_3\)

\(0.2......0.3\)

\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)