Từ giả thiết ta có: 

\(\left(\overrightarrow{a}+2\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(5\overrightarrow{a}-4\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{a}.5\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{a}.4\overrightarrow{b}+2\overrightarrow{b}.5\overrightarrow{a}-2\overrightarrow{b}.4\overrightarrow{b}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2+6\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}-8b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5\overrightarrow{a}-4\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}+2\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{a}=\dfrac{4}{5}\overrightarrow{b}\\\overrightarrow{a}=-2\overrightarrow{b}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}=\dfrac{4}{5}\overrightarrow{b}\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0^o\)

Nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}=-2\overrightarrow{b}\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=180^o\)

Làm lại đây nha, nãy buồn ngủ nên làm hơi ngu.

Từ giả thiết ta có:

\(\left(\overrightarrow{a}+2\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(5\overrightarrow{a}-4\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{a}=\dfrac{4}{5}\overrightarrow{b}\\\overrightarrow{a}=-2\overrightarrow{b}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}=\dfrac{4}{5}\overrightarrow{b}\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0^o\)

Nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}=-2\overrightarrow{b}\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=180^o\)

\(A^2=\left|3a+5b\right|^2=9a^2+25b^2+30ab=9.1+25.1+30.3=124\)

\(\Rightarrow A=2\sqrt{31}\)

\(\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2=\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)
\(=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2+\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2+2\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\)
\(=5^2+12^2+2.5.12.cos\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)
\(=169+120cos\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{b}\right)=13^2\)
Suy ra: \(cos\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0\).
\(\overrightarrow{a}\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)=\left(\overrightarrow{a}\right)^2+\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=5^2+5.12.0=25\).
Mặt khác \(\overrightarrow{a}\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|.cos\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)
\(=5.13.cos\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\).
Vì vậy \(25=5.13.cos\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\).
\(cos\left(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)=\dfrac{5}{13}\).
Vậy góc giữa hai véc tơ \(\overrightarrow{a}\) và \(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\) là \(\alpha\) sao cho \(cos\alpha=\dfrac{5}{13}\).

Chọn D

Lời giải:
Xét hai vecto bất kỳ  \(\overrightarrow{AB}, \overrightarrow{CD}\). Kẻ vecto $\overrightarrow{CT}$ sao cho $\overrightarrow{CT}=\overrightarrow{BA}$

Ta có:

\(|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}|=|\overrightarrow{TC}+\overrightarrow{CD}|=|\overrightarrow{TD}|\)

\(|\overrightarrow{AB}|+|\overrightarrow{CD}|=|\overrightarrow{TC}|+|\overrightarrow{CD}|\)

Mà theo bđt tam giác thì:

\(|\overrightarrow{TC}+\overrightarrow{CD}|\geq |\overrightarrow{TD}|\Rightarrow |\overrightarrow{AB}|+\overrightarrow{CD}|\geq |\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}|\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(T, C,D\) thẳng hàng và $C$ nằm giữa $T,D$

$\Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow{TC}, \overrightarrow{CD}$ cùng hướng 

$\Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow{AB}, \overrightarrow{CD}$ cùng hướng

Vậy với $\overrightarrow{a}, \overrightarrow{b}$ bất kỳ thì $|\overrightarrow{a}|+|\overrightarrow{b}|\geq |\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}|$. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $\overrightarrow{a}, \overrightarrow{b}$ cùng hướng.

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Áp dụng vào bài toán:

\(|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}+\overrightarrow{c}|\leq |\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}|+|\overrightarrow{c}|\leq |\overrightarrow{a}|+|\overrightarrow{b}|+|\overrightarrow{c}|\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\overrightarrow{a}, \overrightarrow{b}\) cùng hướng và \(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}, \overrightarrow{c}\) cùng hướng 

\(\Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow{a}, \overrightarrow{b}, \overrightarrow{c}\) cùng hướng 

\(h\overrightarrow{a}+k\overrightarrow{b}=\left(2h;4h\right)+\left(3k;-5k\right)=\left(2h+3k;4h-5k\right)\)

\(\overrightarrow{u}=h\overrightarrow{a}+k\overrightarrow{b}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2h+3k=8\\4h-5k=-6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}h=1\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Theo giả thiết \(\overrightarrow{a}=\overrightarrow{b}\ne\overrightarrow{0}\) nên giả sử \(\overrightarrow{a}=m\overrightarrow{b}\) suy ra:
\(\overrightarrow{a}=m\overrightarrow{a}\Leftrightarrow\left(1-m\right)\overrightarrow{a}=\overrightarrow{0}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow1-m=0\) (vì \(\overrightarrow{a}\ne\overrightarrow{0}\) ).
\(\Leftrightarrow m=1\).
b) Nếu \(\overrightarrow{a}=-\overrightarrow{b};\overrightarrow{a}\ne\overrightarrow{0}\).
Giả sử \(\overrightarrow{a}=m\overrightarrow{b}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{a}=-m\overrightarrow{a}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{a}\left(1+m\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+m=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow m=-1\).
c) Do \(\overrightarrow{a}\) , \(\overrightarrow{b}\) cùng hướng nên: \(m>0\).
Mặt khác: \(\overrightarrow{a}=m\overrightarrow{b}\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|=\left|m\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20=5.\left|m\right|\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left|m\right|=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m=\pm4\).
Do m > 0 nên m = 4.

d) Do \(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{b}\) ngược hướng nên m < 0.
\(\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|=\left|m\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|\)\(\Leftrightarrow15=\left|m\right|.3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left|m\right|=5\)\(\Leftrightarrow m=\pm5\).
Do m < 0 nên m = -5.
e) \(\overrightarrow{a}=\overrightarrow{0};\overrightarrow{b}\ne\overrightarrow{0}\) nên\(\overrightarrow{0}=m.\overrightarrow{b}\). Suy ra m = 0.
g) \(\overrightarrow{a}\ne\overrightarrow{0};\overrightarrow{b}=\overrightarrow{0}\) nên \(\overrightarrow{a}=m.\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{0}\). Suy ra không tồn tại giá trị m thỏa mãn.
h) \(\overrightarrow{a}=\overrightarrow{0};\overrightarrow{b}=\overrightarrow{0}\) nên \(\overrightarrow{0}=m.\overrightarrow{0}\). Suy ra mọi \(m\in R\) đều thỏa mãn.

a) \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=6\left(1-c\right)\)

b) \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=-21\)

c) \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=0\)

Tính \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) hả bạn?

\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|cos\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=2.\sqrt{3}.cos30^0=3\)

Đặt \(A=\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|\Rightarrow A^2=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2+\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2+2\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|.cos\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)

\(=2^2+3+2.2.\sqrt{3}.cos30^0=13\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|=\sqrt{13}\)

Ta có:

\(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}+3\overrightarrow{c}=\overrightarrow{0}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}=-3\overrightarrow{c}\Leftrightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)^2=9\overrightarrow{c}^2\)

<=> \(\overrightarrow{a}^2+\overrightarrow{b}^2+2\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{b}=9\overrightarrow{c}^2\)

<=> \(\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{b}=\dfrac{9z^2-x^2-y^2}{2}\)

Tương tự ta có: \(\overrightarrow{b}+3\overrightarrow{c}=-\overrightarrow{a}\) <=> \(\left(\overrightarrow{b}+3\overrightarrow{c}\right)^2=\overrightarrow{a}^2\) 

<=> \(\overrightarrow{b}.\overrightarrow{c}=\dfrac{x^2-y^2-9z^2}{2}\)

Và lại có : \(\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{c}=\dfrac{y^2-x^2-9z^2}{2}\)

Suy ra: A=\(\dfrac{9z^2-x^2-y^2}{2}+\dfrac{x^2-y^2-9z^2}{2}+\dfrac{y^2-x^2-9z^2}{2}=\dfrac{3z^2-z^2-y^2}{2}\)