Lời giải:
$\frac{20}{12}+\frac{36}{18}-\frac{21}{28}=\frac{5}{3}+2-\frac{3}{4}$

$=\frac{20}{12}+\frac{24}{12}-\frac{9}{12}=\frac{20+24-9}{12}=\frac{35}{12}$

\(=\dfrac{5}{3}+2-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{5.4+2.12-3.3}{12}=\dfrac{20+24-9}{12}=\dfrac{35}{12}\)

a)\(\dfrac{-10}{11}.\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)

=\(\dfrac{10}{11}.\dfrac{-8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)

=\(\dfrac{10}{11}(\dfrac{-8}{9}+\dfrac{7}{18})\)

=\(\dfrac{10}{11}.\dfrac{-1}{2}\)

=\(\dfrac{-5}{11}\)

b; 

B = \(\dfrac{3}{14}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{28}\) - \(\dfrac{13}{21}\): \(\dfrac{1}{28}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{28}\) - 8

B = (\(\dfrac{3}{14}\) - \(\dfrac{13}{21}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\)) - 8

B = (\(\dfrac{9}{42}\) - \(\dfrac{26}{42}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\)) - 8

B = (\(\dfrac{-17}{42}\) + \(\dfrac{29}{42}\)) - 8

B = \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) - 8

B = \(\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{56}{7}\)

B = - \(\dfrac{54}{7}\)

c; C = -1\(\dfrac{5}{7}\).15 + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\)(-15) + (-105).(\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{7}\))

C = - 15.(- 1 - \(\dfrac{5}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{14}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{28}{5}\) + \(1\))

C = -15.[(1 - 1) - (\(\dfrac{5}{7}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{7}\)) + \(\dfrac{14}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{28}{5}\)]

C = -15.[0 - \(\dfrac{3}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{14}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{28}{5}\)]

C = -15 . [- \(\dfrac{45}{105}\) + \(\dfrac{490}{105}\)  - \(\dfrac{588}{105}\)]

C = -15. [ \(\dfrac{445}{105}\) - \(\dfrac{588}{105}\)]

C = - 15.(- \(\dfrac{143}{105}\))

C = \(\dfrac{143}{7}\)

\(a,\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3}{21}+\dfrac{7}{21}=\dfrac{10}{21}\\ b,\dfrac{-2}{3}+\dfrac{-5}{7}=\dfrac{-14+\left(-15\right)}{21}=\dfrac{-29}{21}\\ c,\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{-1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3+3-2}{6}=\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(a.\dfrac{4}{28}+\dfrac{12}{36}=\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3}{21}+\dfrac{7}{21}=\dfrac{10}{21}\\ b.\dfrac{-12}{18}+\dfrac{-15}{21}=\dfrac{-2}{3}+\dfrac{-5}{7}=\dfrac{-14}{21}+\dfrac{-15}{21}=\dfrac{-29}{21}\\ c.\dfrac{14}{28}+\dfrac{16}{32}-\dfrac{17}{51}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{17}{51}=1-\dfrac{17}{51}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{4}{28}+\dfrac{12}{36}=\dfrac{144}{1008}+\dfrac{336}{1008}=\\ \dfrac{480}{1008}=\dfrac{10}{21}\)

Câu b và c em làm tương tự.

Lời giải:

a. $\frac{x}{7}=\frac{6}{21}$

$x=\frac{6}{21}.7$

$x=2$

b.

$\frac{-5}{y}=\frac{20}{28}$

$y=-5:\frac{20}{28}$

$y=-7$

c.

$\frac{-4}{8}=\frac{-7}{y}$

$y=-7:\frac{-4}{8}$

$y=14$

a, \(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{6}{21}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x}{21}=\dfrac{6}{21}\Rightarrow x=2\)

b, \(\dfrac{-5}{y}=\dfrac{20}{28}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{20}{-4y}=\dfrac{20}{28}\Leftrightarrow y=-7\)

c, \(\dfrac{-4}{8}=-\dfrac{7}{y}\Rightarrow-4y=-56\Leftrightarrow y=14\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{6}{21}\)

nên \(x=\dfrac{6\cdot7}{21}=\dfrac{42}{21}=2\)

b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-5}{y}=\dfrac{20}{28}\)

nên \(y=\dfrac{-5\cdot28}{20}=\dfrac{-140}{20}=-7\)

c) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-4}{8}=\dfrac{-7}{y}\)

nên \(y=\dfrac{-7\cdot8}{-4}=\dfrac{-56}{-4}=14\)

1,

a, \(\left(\dfrac{-4}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right).\dfrac{5}{12}\)=-\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)

b, \(\dfrac{16}{5}+\left(\dfrac{-45}{14}\right):\dfrac{3}{28}\)

=\(\dfrac{-2}{15}\)

2,

a, 2x+19=25

=>x=3

b, \(-\dfrac{2}{9}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

=>x=\(\dfrac{-3}{2}\)

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-4}{3}\cdot\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{5}{12}\)

\(=\dfrac{5}{12}\cdot\left(\dfrac{-4}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-5}{12}\)

b) Ta có: \(3\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{7}{2}\right):\dfrac{3}{28}\)

\(=\dfrac{16}{5}+\left(\dfrac{4}{14}-\dfrac{49}{14}\right):\dfrac{3}{28}\)

\(=\dfrac{16}{5}+\dfrac{-45}{14}\cdot\dfrac{28}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{16}{5}-30=\dfrac{-134}{5}\)

1)

a) \(-\dfrac{4}{3}.\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{5}{12}=\dfrac{5}{12}.\left(\dfrac{-4}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=\dfrac{5}{12}.\left(-1\right)=-\dfrac{5}{12}\)

b) \(3\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{7}{2}\right).\dfrac{28}{3}=3+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{45}{14}.\dfrac{28}{3}\)

\(=3+\dfrac{1}{5}-30=-27+\dfrac{1}{5}=-\dfrac{134}{5}\)

2)

a) \(2x+19=25\)

\(2x=25-19=6\)

\(x=3\)

b) \(-\dfrac{2}{9}x-\dfrac{1}{7}=\dfrac{4}{21}\)

\(-\dfrac{2x}{9}=\dfrac{4}{21}+\dfrac{1}{7}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(x=\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(-\dfrac{9}{2}\right)=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

a) `6/18+ (-14)/21 = 1/3 - 2/3=-1/3`

b) `3/5 - (-1/2) = 3/5+1/2=11/10`

c) `2/7 : 3/4 = 2/7 . 4/3 = 8/21`

d) `(-28)/33 . (-3)/4 = 28/33 . 3/4=7/11`

a) \(\dfrac{6}{18}+\dfrac{-14}{21}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)

b) \(\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{-1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{6}{10}+\dfrac{5}{10}=\dfrac{11}{10}\)

c) \(\dfrac{2}{7}:\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{2}{7}\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}=\dfrac{8}{21}\)

d) \(\dfrac{-28}{33}\cdot\dfrac{-3}{4}=\dfrac{28}{4}\cdot\dfrac{3}{33}=7\cdot\dfrac{1}{11}=\dfrac{7}{11}\)

a: =>4/x=y/-21=4/7

=>x=7; y=-12

b: =>xy=63

mà x>y

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(9;7\right);\left(21;3\right);\left(63;1\right);\left(-7;-9\right);\left(-3;-21\right);\left(-1;-63\right)\right\}\)

c: =>xy=45

mà x<y<0

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-45;-1\right);\left(-15;-3\right);\left(-9;-5\right)\right\}\)

\(=2-\left(\dfrac{5}{3}-\dfrac{7}{6}+\dfrac{9}{10}-...-\dfrac{19}{45}\right)\)

\(=2-2\left(\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{9}{20}-...-\dfrac{19}{90}\right)\)

\(=2-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}-...-\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)\)

\(=2-2\cdot\dfrac{4}{10}=2-\dfrac{8}{10}=2-\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

c: =>\(\dfrac{2x-1}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-9\right)}=\dfrac{3x-12}{\left(x-9\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)

=>(2x-1)(x-9)+(x-2)(x+5)=(3x-12)(x-1)

=>2x^2-19x+9+x^2+3x-10=3x^2-15x+12

=>-16x-1=-15x+12

=>-x=13

=>x=-13

\(a,\dfrac{3}{4}x-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}x-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{6}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}x=\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}:\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow x=1\\ b,\dfrac{-5}{x}=\dfrac{20}{28}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{-5}{x}=\dfrac{5}{7}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{-5}{x}=\dfrac{-5}{-7}\\ \Rightarrow x=-7\\ c,2\dfrac{1}{3}:x=7\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{7}{3}:x=7\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{3}:7\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(d,\dfrac{-105}{12}< x< \dfrac{20}{7}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-8;-7;...;2\right\}\)

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

hay x=1

b: \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-28\cdot5}{20}=-7\)

c: \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{3}:7=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

d: \(\Leftrightarrow-8< x< 3\)

hay \(x\in\left\{-7;-6;-5;-4;-3;-2;-1;0;1;2\right\}\)

\(a)\dfrac{3}{4}x-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{6}\\ \dfrac{3}{4}x=\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{3}{4}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\ x=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{3}{4}\\ x=\dfrac{8}{9}\\ b)-\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{20}{28}\\ -5\cdot28=x\cdot20=-140\\ x=-140:20\\ x=-7\\ c)\dfrac{7}{3}:x=7\\ x=\dfrac{7}{3}:7\\ x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)