\(a,\Leftrightarrow7⋮x-1\Leftrightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-6;0;2;8\right\}\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1+2}{x-1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow2⋮x-1\Leftrightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0;2;3\right\}\)

a) để 7/x-1 thuộc Z 

=> (x-1) thuộc ước 7(+-1;+-7)

x-1  -1     1      -7      7

x      0     2       -6     8

a) \(\dfrac{7}{x-1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{2;0;8;-6\right\}\)

b) \(\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\in Z\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{x-1}+\dfrac{2}{x-1}=1+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{2;0;3;-1\right\}\)

Bài 4:

\(a,\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(y+1\right)=3\cdot7=7\cdot3=21\cdot1=1\cdot21\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(19;0\right);\left(1;6\right);\left(5;2\right)\right\}\)

a: \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;2\right);\left(-1;-2\right);\left(2;1\right);\left(-2;-1\right)\right\}\)

Bài 10:

a: 2x-3 là bội của x+1

=>\(2x-3⋮x+1\)

=>\(2x+2-5⋮x+1\)

=>\(-5⋮x+1\)

=>\(x+1\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{0;-2;4;-6\right\}\)

b: x-2 là ước của 3x-2

=>\(3x-2⋮x-2\)

=>\(3x-6+4⋮x-2\)

=>\(4⋮x-2\)

=>\(x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)\)

=>\(x-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;6;-2\right\}\)

Bài 14:

a: \(4n-5⋮2n-1\)

=>\(4n-2-3⋮2n-1\)

=>\(-3⋮2n-1\)

=>\(2n-1\inƯ\left(-3\right)\)

=>\(2n-1\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)

=>\(2n\in\left\{2;0;4;-2\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{1;0;2;-1\right\}\)

mà n>=0

nên \(n\in\left\{1;0;2\right\}\)

b: \(n^2+3n+1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n^2+n+2n+2-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n\left(n+1\right)+2\left(n+1\right)-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n+1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\)

mà n là số tự nhiên

nên n=0

Bài 16:

a: \(\left(x+5\right)\left(y-3\right)=15\)

=>\(\left(x+5\right)\left(y-3\right)=1\cdot15=15\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-15\right)=\left(-15\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)=3\cdot5=5\cdot3=\left(-3\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)=\left(-5\right)\cdot\left(-3\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+5;y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(1;15\right);\left(15;1\right);\left(-1;-15\right);\left(-15;-1\right);\left(3;5\right);\left(5;3\right);\left(-3;-5\right);\left(-5;-3\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-4;18\right);\left(10;4\right);\left(-6;-12\right);\left(-20;2\right);\left(-2;8\right);\left(0;6\right);\left(-8;-2\right);\left(-10;0\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(10;4\right);\left(0;6\right)\right\}\)

b: x là số tự nhiên

=>2x-1 lẻ và 2x-1>=-1

\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(y+2\right)=24\)

mà 2x-1>=-1 và 2x-1 lẻ

nên \(\left(2x-1\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-24\right)=1\cdot24=3\cdot8\)

=>\(\left(2x-1;y+2\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;-24\right);\left(1;24\right);\left(3;8\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(2x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-26\right);\left(2;22\right);\left(4;6\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-26\right);\left(1;11\right);\left(2;6\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;11\right);\left(2;6\right)\right\}\)

c:

x,y là các số tự nhiên

=>x+3>=3 và y+2>=2

xy+2x+3y=0

=>\(xy+2x+3y+6=6\)

=>\(x\left(y+2\right)+3\left(y+2\right)=6\)

=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(y+2\right)=6\)

mà x+3>=3 và y+2>=2

nên \(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=3\cdot2\)

=>x=0 và y=0

d: xy+x+y=30

=>\(xy+x+y+1=31\)

=>\(x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)=31\)

=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=31\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(y+1\right)=1\cdot31=31\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-31\right)=\left(-31\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+1;y+1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;31\right);\left(31;1\right);\left(-1;-31\right);\left(-31;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;30\right);\left(30;0\right);\left(-2;-32\right);\left(-32;-2\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;30\right);\left(30;0\right)\right\}\)

a) 8 chia hết cho x + 1

--> x + 1 là ước của 8.

TH1: x + 1 = 8 

TH2: x + 1 = 4

TH3: x + 1 = 2

TH4: x + 1 = 1

Giải ra được x = 7; x = 3; x = 1; x = 0

Câu 2: 

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x+2\in\left\{3;9\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{1;7\right\}\)

Thi à :)?

\(x\in\left\{0;4;8;12;16;20;24;28;32;36;40;44;48\right\}\)

\(y\in\left\{1;2;4;13;26;52\right\}\)

a) \(x\in\left\{0;\pm4;\pm8;\pm12;\pm16;\pm20;\pm24;\pm28;\pm32;\pm36;\pm40;\pm44;\pm48\right\}\)

Nhầm đề đừng làm