Tìm giới hạn B = lim x → 2 x 4 - 5 x 2 + 4 x 3 - 8
A. +∞
B. -∞
C. -1/6
D. 1
Tìm các giới hạn sau:
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} \left( {3{x^2} - x + 2} \right)\)
b) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 4} \frac{{{x^2} - 16}}{{x - 4}}\)
c) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{3 - \sqrt {x + 7} }}{{x - 2}}\)
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} \left( {3{x^2} - x + 2} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} \left( {3{x^2}} \right) - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} x + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} 2\)
\( = 3\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} \left( {{x^2}} \right) - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} x + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 1} 2 = 3.{\left( { - 1} \right)^2} - \left( { - 1} \right) + 2 = 6\)
b) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 4} \frac{{{x^2} - 16}}{{x - 4}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 4} \frac{{\left( {x - 4} \right)\left( {x + 4} \right)}}{{x - 4}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 4} \left( {x + 4} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 4} x + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 4} 4 = 4 + 4 = 8\)
c) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{3 - \sqrt {x + 7} }}{{x - 2}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{\left( {3 - \sqrt {x + 7} } \right)\left( {3 + \sqrt {x + 7} } \right)}}{{\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {3 + \sqrt {x + 7} } \right)}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{{3^2} - \left( {x + 7} \right)}}{{\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {3 + \sqrt {x + 7} } \right)}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{2 - x}}{{\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {3 + \sqrt {x + 7} } \right)}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{ - \left( {x - 2} \right)}}{{\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {3 + \sqrt {x + 7} } \right)}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{{ - 1}}{{3 + \sqrt {x + 7} }}\)
\( = \frac{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} \left( { - 1} \right)}}{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} 3 + \sqrt {\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} x + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 2} 7} }} = \frac{{ - 1}}{{3 + \sqrt {2 + 7} }} = - \frac{1}{6}\)
Tìm giới hạn hàm số Lim x->4 1-x/(x-4)^2 Lim x->3+ 2x-1/x-3 Lim x->2+ -2x+1/x+2 Lim x->1- 3x-1/x+1
1: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\dfrac{1-x}{\left(x-4\right)^2}=-\infty\)
vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}1-x=1-4=-3< 0\\\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\left(x-4\right)^2=\left(4-4\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}\dfrac{2x-1}{x-3}=+\infty\)
vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}2x-1=2\cdot3-1=5>0\\\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^+}x-3=3-3>0\end{matrix}\right.\) và x-3>0
3: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}\dfrac{-2x+1}{x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\cdot2+1}{2+2}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
4: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^-}\dfrac{3x-1}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\cdot1-1}{1+1}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
Tìm các giới hạn sau:
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - 2} \left( {{x^2} - 7x + 4} \right)\)
b) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 3} \frac{{x - 3}}{{{x^2} - 9}}\)
c) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{{3 - \sqrt {x + 8} }}{{x - 1}}\)
a: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-2}x^2-7x+4=\left(-2\right)^2-7\cdot\left(-2\right)+4=22\)
b: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{x-3}{x^2-9}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{1}{3+3}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
c: \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{3-\sqrt{x+8}}{x-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{9-x-8}{3+\sqrt{x+8}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{-1}{3+\sqrt{x+8}}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Tìm các giới hạn sau:
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {4^ + }} \frac{1}{{x - 4}}\);
c) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ - }} \frac{x}{{2 - x}}\).
a) Áp dụng giới hạn một bên thường dùng, ta có : \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {4^ + }} \frac{1}{{x - 4}} = + \infty \)
b) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} \frac{x}{{2 - x}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^+ }} \frac{{ - x}}{{x - 2}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} \left( { - x} \right).\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} \frac{1}{{x - 2}}\)
Ta có: \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} \left( { - x} \right) = - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ + }} x = - 2;\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ +}} \frac{1}{{x - 2}} = +\infty \)
\( \Rightarrow \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {2^ - }} \frac{x}{{2 - x}} = - \infty \)
Tìm các giới hạn sau:
a) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x+2}}{\sqrt{4x+1}-3}\)
b) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\sqrt{2x+7}+x-4}{x^3-4x^2+3}\)
a/ L'Hospital:
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x-\left(x+2\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}}{\left(4x+1\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}-3}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+2\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}}{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x+1\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}.4}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{2}.4^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}}{2.9^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}}=\dfrac{9}{8}\)
b/ L'Hospital:\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\left(2x+7\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}+x-4}{x^3-4x^2+3}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x+7\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}.2+1}{3x^2-8x}=\dfrac{9^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}+1}{3-8}=-\dfrac{4}{15}\)
4. Tính giới hạn \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+1}-x-1}{2x^2-x}_{ }\)
5. Tính giới hạn:
a) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x-2}{x^2-4}_{ }\)
b) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}\dfrac{x+3}{x-3}_{ }\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+1}-\left(x+1\right)}{2x^2-x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}-\left(x+1\right)\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}+x+1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{-2x}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{-2}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2}{\left(0-1\right)\left(\sqrt{1}+1\right)}=1\)
a. \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x-2}{x^2-4}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b. \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}\dfrac{x+3}{x-3}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}\dfrac{-x-3}{3-x}\)
Do \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}\left(-x-3\right)=-6< 0\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}\left(3-x\right)=0\) và \(3-x>0;\forall x< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3^-}\dfrac{-x-3}{3-x}=-\infty\)
Tìm giới hạn:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{x}-1}{x^3+x-2}\)
Tìm m để \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+mx-m-3}-x}{x^2-5x+4}\) là một số hữu hạn và tìm giới hạn đó.
Để giới hạn đã cho hữu hạn
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+mx-m-3}-x=0\) có nghiệm \(x=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{16+4m-m-3}-4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3m+13}=4\Rightarrow m=1\)
Khi đó:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+x-4}-x}{x^2-5x+4}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\dfrac{x-4}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+x-4}+x\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow4}\dfrac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+x-4}+x\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3\left(\sqrt{4^2+4-4}+4\right)}=\dfrac{1}{24}\)
Tìm các giới hạn sau:
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{{ - x + 2}}{{x + 1}}\);
b) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{{x - 2}}{{{x^2}}}\).
a) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{{ - x + 2}}{{x + 1}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{{x\left( { - 1 + \frac{2}{x}} \right)}}{{x\left( {1 + \frac{1}{x}} \right)}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{{ - 1 + \frac{2}{x}}}{{1 + \frac{1}{x}}} = \frac{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \left( { - 1} \right) + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{2}{x}}}{{\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } 1 + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } \frac{1}{x}}} = \frac{{ - 1 + 0}}{{1 + 0}} = - 1\)
b) \(\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{{x - 2}}{{{x^2}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{{x\left( {1 - \frac{2}{x}} \right)}}{{{x^2}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{1}{x}.\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \left( {1 - \frac{2}{x}} \right)\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{1}{x}.\left( {\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } 1 - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to - \infty } \frac{2}{x}} \right) = 0.\left( {1 - 0} \right) = 0\).
Tìm giới hạn của hàm số sau:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\dfrac{x^4-a^4}{x^2-a^2}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\dfrac{x^4-a^4}{x^2-a^2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\left(x^2+a^2\right)=2a^2\)