Từ \(x\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+z\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=-2\) ta có:

\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+2xyz=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\z+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\).

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử x + y = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=-y^3\).

Kết hợp với \(x^3+y^3+z^3=1\) ta có \(z^3=1\Leftrightarrow z=1\).

Vậy \(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{-y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{1}=1\).

Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(yz\right)^2+\left(xz\right)^2+\left(xy\right)^2+2xyz}{\left(xyz\right)^2}=1\)

<=> (xy)² + (yz)² + (zx)² + 2xyz = (xyz)² 

<=> (xy)² + (yz)² + (xz)² + 2xyz(x + y + z) = (xyz)² 

<=> (xy + yz + zx)² = (xyz)² 

<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy+yz+zx=xyz\\xy+yz+zx=-xyz\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) Khi xy + yz + zx = -xyz 

=> \(\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=-1< 0\left(\text{loại}\right)\)

=> xy + yz + zx = xyz 

<=> \(xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=xyz\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}-1\right)=0\)

<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)

<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)

<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\)

<=> \(\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{xz+yz+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=0\)

<=> \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(zx+yz+z^2\right)xy}=0\)

<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi x = -y => y = 1 => P = 1

Tương tự y = -z ; z = -x được P = 1

Vậy P = 1 

Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

$\text{VT}(1^2+1^2+1^2)\geq (1+\frac{x}{y+z}+1+\frac{y}{x+z}+1+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$

$\Leftrightarrow 3\text{VT}\geq (3+\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$

$ = \left[3+\frac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\frac{y^2}{yz+yx}+\frac{z^2}{zy+zx}\right]^2$

$\geq \left[3+\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2$

$\geq \left[3+\frac{3(xy+yz+xz)}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2=\frac{81}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{27}{4}$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z>0$

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

VT(12+12+12)≥(1+��+�+1+��+�+1+��+�)2VT(12+12+12)≥(1+y+zx​+1+x+zy​+1+x+yz​)2

⇔3VT≥(3+��+�+��+�+��+�)2⇔3VT≥(3+y+zx​+x+zy​+x+yz​)2

=[3+�2��+��+�2��+��+�2��+��]2=[3+xy+xzx2​+yz+yxy2​+zy+zxz2​]2

≥[3+(�+�+�)22(��+��+��)]2≥[3+2(xy+yz+xz)(x+y+z)2​]2

≥[3+3(��+��+��)2(��+��+��)]2=814≥[3+2(xy+yz+xz)3(xy+yz+xz

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

(y + z - x)/x = (z + x - y)/y = (x + y - z)/z = 1

--> y + z - x = x; z + x - y = y; x + y - z = z

--> y + z = 2x; z + x = 2y; x + y = 2z

Ta có: 

B = (x + y)/y.(y + z)/z.(z + x)/x

= 2z/y.2x/z.2y/x = 8

Lời giải:

Áp dụng TCDTSBN:

$\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z+x}=1$

$\Rightarrow x=y; y=z; z=x\Rightarrow x=y=z$

Khi đó:

$|x+y|=|z-1|$

$\Leftrightarrow |2x|=|x-1|$

$\Rightarrow 2x=x-1$ hoặc $2x=-(x-1)$

$\Rightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=\frac{1}{3}$ (đều thỏa mãn)

Vậy $(x,y,z)=(-1,-1,-1)$ hoặc $(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{3}, \frac{1}{3})$

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{z}=a;\dfrac{y}{z}=b\).

Theo gt ta có \(a+b\le1\).

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(a^2+b^2+\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge \frac{21}{2}\).

Theo bđt AM - GM: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}\ge2;a^2+\dfrac{1}{16}a^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2};b^2+\dfrac{1}{16}b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{15}{32}.\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\).

Cộng vế với vế của các bđt trên lại ta có đpcm.