a) \(\sqrt{1-4x+4x^2}=5\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(1-2x\right)^2}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|1-2x\right|=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

b) \(\sqrt{x^2+6x+9}=3x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2=3x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+3\right|=3x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=3x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

\(a,\sqrt{1-4x+4x^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(1-2x\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|1-2x\right|=5\)

\(TH_1:x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(1-2x=5\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-2\left(tm\right)\)

\(TH_2:x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(-1+2x=5\\ \Leftrightarrow x=3\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-2;3\right\}\)

\(b,\sqrt{x^2+6x+9}=3x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=3x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x+3\right|=3x-1\)

\(TH_1:x\ge-3\\ x+3=3x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow-2x=-4\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)

\(TH_2:x< 3\\ -x-3=3x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{2;-\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

\(x\sqrt{1-y^2}+y\sqrt{1-x^2}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1-y^2+y^2+1-x^2\right)=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{1-y^2}\\y=\sqrt{1-x^2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y\ge0\\x^2+y^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2=1-x^2\)

Thế xuống pt dưới:

\(3x^2-x\left(1-x^2\right)+4x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=2\Rightarrow x=\sqrt[3]{2}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow y=\sqrt{1-x^2}=...\)

a,ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge2\)

\(4\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{9x-18}-\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2}{4}}=26\\ \Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{2}=26\\ \Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{x-2}+6\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x-2}=52\\ \Leftrightarrow13\sqrt{x-2}=52\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=16\\ \Leftrightarrow x=18\left(tm\right)\)

b,ĐKXĐ:\(x\in R\)

\(3x+\sqrt{4x^2-8x+4}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=1-3x\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{1-3x}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=\dfrac{1-3x}{2}\\x-1=\dfrac{3x-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-2=1-3x\\2x-2=3x-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(tm\right)\\x=-1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0\)

\(\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)=7\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)-2\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)=7\\ \Leftrightarrow2x+\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-2=7\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-3\sqrt{x}-9=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(6\sqrt{x}+9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)-3\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=3\\2\sqrt{x}=-3\left(vô.lí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=9\left(tm\right)\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+1}=t>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(4x-1\right)t=2t^2-2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2t^2-\left(4x-1\right)t-2x=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(4x-1\right)^2+16x=\left(4x+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{4x-1-\left(4x+1\right)}{4}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(loại\right)\\t=\dfrac{4x-1+4x+1}{4}=2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=2x\) (\(x\ge0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=4x^2\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

a,  \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(3-2x\right)^2=4+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3-2x\right|=4+x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3-2x=4+x\\3-2x=-4-x\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x=-1\\x=7\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-1}{3}\\x=7\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{7}\\x=-\sqrt{7}\end{cases}}\\\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\)

a) Đk: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2-4x+1\ge0\\x+1\ge0\end{cases}}\)

\(\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}=\sqrt{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+1=x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=5\end{cases}}\)thỏa mãn điều kiện

Vậy x=0 hoặc x=5

2)\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}=0\)(1)

Đk: x>=3 hoặc x=1

pt  (1)<=> \(\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-3}+1\right)=0\)

<=> \(\sqrt{x-1}=0\)(vì\(\sqrt{x-3}+1>0\)mọi x )

<=> x-1=0

<=> x=1 ( thỏa mãn điều kiện)

Đk: \(x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)

pt <=> \(4x^2+4x+2=2\sqrt{4x-1}\)

<=> \(\left(2x+1\right)^2+1=2\sqrt{2\left(2x+1\right)-1}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2\left(2x+1\right)-1}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\)

Ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x+1\right)^2+1=2a\left(1\right)\\a^2+1=2\left(2x+1\right)\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ (1),(2)=> \(\left(2x+1\right)^2-a^2=2a-2\left(2x+1\right)\)

<=> \(\left(2x+1-a\right)\left(2x+1+a\right)=-2\left(2x+1-a\right)\)

<=> \(\left(2x+1-a\right)\left(2x+1+a\right)+2\left(2x+1-a\right)=0\)

<=> \(\left(2x+1-a\right)\left(2x+a+3\right)=0\)( *)

vì \(x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\) và \(a\ge0\)=> \(2x+a+3\ge2.\frac{-1}{4}+0+3=\frac{5}{2}>0\)

(*) => \(2x+1-a=0\)

<=> \(2x+1=a\)

<=> \(2x+1=\sqrt{2\left(2x+1\right)-1}\)

=> \(4x^2+4x+1=2\left(2x+1\right)-1\)

<=> \(4x^2+4x+1-4x-1=0\)

<=> \(4x^2=0\)

<=> x=0 (t/m)

1) \(\sqrt{5-2x}=6\left(đk:x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5-2x=36\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-31\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{31}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

2) \(\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\left(đk:2\ge x\ge-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2-x=x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

3) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

4) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=x-2\left(đk:x\ge2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=x-2\left(x\ge5\right)\\x-5=2-x\left(2\le x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5=2\left(VLý\right)\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

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