IV, Write a suitable word in each blank to complete the passage. Three ways everyone can help make the Earth a greener place is to reduce, reuse, and recycle! When people reduce it means they are using (1)……………. of something. This allows us to create less waste. Turning off the (2)………………. when we brush our teeth is a simple way to reduce. This is a small action that prevents us from wasting water. Another small action people can take is to reuse things we already have. Taking bags to the store when we shop for food is one way to reuse them. Using both (3)…………….. of piece of paper before getting a new one is another way to reuse. (4)………………. is when new materials are created from old ones. Paper, plastic, and metalare all materials that can be recycled. Things like newspapers, soda cans, and plastic bags can all be turned into new objects if we take the time to recycle them!

Inventing the future

Imagine you can change the world by asking yourself three questions: What do I love? What am I good at? What do I want to change? What do I want to change?

The Google Science Fair is a competition for teenagers aged 13 to 18. It wants them to create a project by thinking about these questions. Google hopes this competition is going to find the world’s next great scientist.

Brittany Wenger, 17, found a way to improve the accuracy of a cancer- testing computer program. This program is successful about 97 percent of the time. Unlike other similar programs, Brittany’s program is “trained”. When her program does tests, it learns from experience and becomes better. Brittany plans to introduce her invention to hospitals one day. She also volunteers with a group called Made with Code. She shows other girls how they can achieve their dreams through computer programming.

Turkish teenager Elif Bilgin wants to reduce pollution. So, she spent two years doing research on making plastic from other kinds of materials. She wanted to make a new kind of plastic that people can use in everyday life. Now, she found a way to make plastic using banana peels! Some companies are using Elif’s plastic to make artificial body parts. Elif hopes that her plastic is going to replace normal plastic in the future.

I.Change these sentences into passive

1.My father took us to the park last night -> We.................

2.He wrote a letter last week. -> A letter.............

3.She plays soccer everyday. -> Soccer...............

4.They will water the flowers tomorrow. -> Water............

5.They repaired this road in 2004. ->This road.............

6.They built these two pagodas one hundred years ago. ->These two pagodas...................

7.People speak English all over the world. -> English..................

8.A famous writer wrote this book. ->this book........................

9.they use recycled plastic to make toys and other things. ->Recycled plastic...........

10.Lan cleans the floor everyday day. ->The floor................

11.they made the fire in the traditional way. -> The fire....................

12.We will grow alot of trees in the parks. -> Alot of trees............

Choose the correct word by underlining it at each number in the following paragraph, then answer the questions

A plastic problem

Nowadays,people use a lot of plastic bags and they often (1)throw/away the bags afterwards. They don't often (2)pollute/reuse or (3) waste/recycle them. When we (4) destroy/reuse plastic, we pollute the lands or air. It isn't a good idea to (5) burn/poison plastic because it (6)poisons/saves the atmosphere. The alternative is to (7)bury/pollute it, but some plastic doesn't decompose for over a thousand years.

Question:

8. Do you throw away or reuse plastic bags?

9. What do you and your school do with rubbish?

10. What things are harmful to the environment in your area?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 35.

Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the

precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals.

Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements - for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt.

So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non-biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.

Question 34: What does the word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?

A. the cashier

B. the bag

C. the shopping

D. a good substitute

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 35.

Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the

precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals.

Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements - for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt.

So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non-biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.

Question 35: What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?

A. Plastic bags should be limited as much as possible to save the Earth from their harmful impacts.

B. Each individual should reuse their plastic bags to save money for other purchases.

C. The governments should cooperate with every citizen in cleaning the plastic bags in the polluted oceans.

D. It is easier to keep the environment clean at first than to save it after it is polluted.

I: Make a suggestion for the following cases:

1. People throw plastic bags everywhere

2. She always turns on the lights when going to bed

3. There are many cracks in your pipe

4. They use many ordinary 100 watt light bulb

5. Tim has a bad toothache

6. People waste losts of gas and oil on cooking

7. She failed her final exam

8. The area around the beach is full of trash

9. people use their own cars to go to work and make the traffic heavier

10. Today, more people catch fish by using dynamite

11. The students in this school throw plastic bags everywhere in the yard

12. The goverment hasn't done anything to the pollution here

Bài 1: Điền các từ sau vào chỗ trống:

substance, light pollution, Earth's surface, water temperture, dumping poison, poisonous, waste, acid, surprised, air pollution

1. If this factory continues ___ into the lake, all the fish and other aquatic animals will die.

2. I thinks there is ___ around here because all trees and plants turn yellow and dry.

3. When thermal pollution happens, the _____ in rivers, lakes and oceans changes.

4. Soil pollution happens when people destroy the ____.

5. Poison is a ____ that can make people or animals ill or kill them if they eat or drink it.

6. They are all ____ to see that all the fish they grow on thier farm are dead.

7. You can see stars at night in the countryside because there isn't any ______ there.

8. Many households around the West Lake dump _____ into it so the water is polluted.

9. The vegetable price is increasing because the _____ rain has caused damage to almost vegetables in this area.

10. The _____ chemical waste in this factory is dumped into the river so its water now becomes almost black.

Bài 2: Chọn từ đúng và trả lời câu hỏi:

A plastic problem

Nowadays, people use a lot of plastic bags and they often (1) throw/ away/ bury the bags afterwards. They don't often (2) pollute/ reuse or (3) waste/ recycle them. When we (4) destroy/ reuse plastic, we pollute the lands or air. It isn't a good idea to (5) burn/ poison plastic because it (6) poisons/ saves the atmosphere. The alternative is to (7) bury/ pollute it, but some plastic doesn't decompose for over a thousand years.

Questions:

8. Do you throw away or reuse plastic bags?

9. What do you and your school do with rubbish?

10. What things are harmful to the environment in your area?

Help me!!!