Tìm GTNN
a. x2 -x+1
b. 4x2 -4x
Bài 1: Tìm GTNN của biểu thức sau:
a) A= 2x2 + x
b) B = x2 + 2x + y2- 4y + 6
c) C = 4x2 + 4x + 9y2 - 6y - 5
d) D = (2 + x)( x + 4) - ( x - 1)( x + 3 )2
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)
c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)
\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2
\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)
dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.Tìm GTNN của Bthức : B= 4x2- 6x+1 : (x-2)2 với x ≠ 2
2. Tìm GTLN của Bthức: C= x2 + 4x - 14 : x2 -2x +1 với x≠ 1
giúp mình với ạ, mình cảm ơn nhiều ạ
1.
Đặt \(x-2=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t+2\)
\(B=\dfrac{4\left(t+2\right)^2-6\left(t+2\right)+1}{t^2}=\dfrac{4t^2+10t+5}{t^2}=\dfrac{5}{t^2}+\dfrac{2}{t}+4=5\left(\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{5}\ge\dfrac{19}{5}\)
\(B_{min}=\dfrac{19}{5}\) khi \(t=-5\) hay \(x=-3\)
2.
Đặt \(x-1=t\ne0\Rightarrow x=t+1\)
\(C=\dfrac{\left(t+1\right)^2+4\left(t+1\right)-14}{t^2}=\dfrac{t^2+6t-9}{t^2}=-\dfrac{9}{t^2}+\dfrac{6}{t}+1=-\left(\dfrac{3}{t}-1\right)^2+2\le2\)
\(C_{max}=2\) khi \(t=3\) hay \(x=4\)
tìm gtnn (gtln) của
a) 4x2+12x+1 b) 4x2-3x+10
c)2x2+5x+10 d) x-x2+2
e) 2x-2x2 f) 4x2+2y2+4xy+4y+5
a) \(4x^2+12x+1=\left(4x^2+12x+9\right)-8=\left(2x+3\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b) \(4x^2-3x+10=\left(4x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{151}{16}=\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{151}{16}\ge\dfrac{151}{16}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
c) \(2x^2+5x+10=\left(2x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{8}\right)+\dfrac{55}{8}=\left(\sqrt{2}x+\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{8}\ge\dfrac{55}{8}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)
d) \(x-x^2+2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{9}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{4}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
e) \(2x-2x^2=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
f) \(4x^2+2y^2+4xy+4y+5=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: Ta có: \(4x^2+12x+1\)
\(=4x^2+12x+9-8\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)^2-8\ge-8\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(4x^2-3x+10\)
\(=4\left(x^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(=4\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{9}{64}+\dfrac{151}{64}\right)\)
\(=4\left(x-\dfrac{3}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{151}{16}\ge\dfrac{151}{16}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
c: Ta có: \(2x^2+5x+10\)
\(=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{2}x+5\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{25}{16}+\dfrac{55}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{8}\ge\dfrac{55}{8}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)
. Tìm GTLN, GTNN của biểu thức:
1) Tìm GTNN của biểu thức:
a) A = x2 - 7x +11. | b) D = x - 2 + x - 3 . |
c) C = 3 - 4x . x2 +1 | d) B = -5 . x2 - 4x + 7 |
e) x2 - x +1 . M = + x +1 x2 | f) P x 1 x 2 x 3 x 6 . |
2) Tìm GTLN của biểu thức
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| 2x 2 + 4x + 9 |
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b) | A = x 2 + 2x + 4 . |
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c) C = (x2 - 3x +1)(21+ 3x - x2 ) . | d) D = 6x - 8 . x2 +1 |
1:
a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4
=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4
=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2
e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
f: x^2-4x+7
=x^2-4x+4+3
=(x-2)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
2:
a: A=2x^2+4x+9
=2x^2+4x+2+7
=2(x^2+2x+1)+7
=2(x+1)^2+7>=7
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: x^2+2x+4
=x^2+2x+1+3
=(x+1)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
bài 1: Tìm GTNN của các biểu thức sau:
a) A=x2−3x+4A=x2−3x+4
b) B=2x2−4x+1B=2x2−4x+1
c) C=4x2−4xC=4x2−4x
Bài 2: Tìm GTLN của các biểu thức sau:
a) A=−x−4x+2A=−x−4x+2
b) B=(x+4)(2−x)B=(x+4)(2−x)
Bài 3: Tính giá trị của các biểu thức sau:
a) A=9x2+42x+49A=9x2+42x+49 với x=1x=1
b) B=(x+y)3−x2+2xy−y2B=(x+y)3−x2+2xy−y2 với x−y=−5
tìm gtnn (gtln) của:
a) A= 4x2-4x+10 b) B= 2x2-3x-1
c) C= 4x2+2y2+4xy+4x+6y+1 d) D= (3x-1)2-4(3x-1)x+4x2
e) G= 9x2+2y2+6xy+4y+5 f) H= 2x2+3y2-2xy+4y+2x+5
g) K= xy+yz+zx; biết x+y+z= 3
nhờ mn giúp mik vs nha
\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+9\ge9\\ A_{min}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ B=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\\ B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ C=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+2\left(2x+y\right)+1+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4\\ C=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\\ C=\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\ge-4\\ C_{min}=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(D=\left(3x-1-2x\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ D_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ G=\left(9x^2+6xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\\ G=\left(3x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\\ G_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(H=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2\\ H=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ H_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)
Ta luôn có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3xz\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow K\le3\\ K_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Tìm x
a) 4x(x+1)-x-1 = 0
b) x3-4x2+4x =0
c) x2-3x + 2 =0
tham khảo: https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/.2256230161739
a) ⇔ \(4x^2+4x-x-1=0\)
⇔ \(4x^2+3x-1=0\)
⇔ \(4x(x+1)-(x+1)=0\)
⇔ \((x+1)(4x-1)=0\)
⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
b) \(x^3-4x^2+4x=0\)
⇔ \(x^2(x-2)-2x(x-2)=0\)
⇔ \((x-2)(x^2-2x)=0\)
⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
c) \(x^2-3x+2=0\)
⇔ \(x(x-2)-(x-2)=0\)
⇔ \((x-1)(x-2)=0\)
⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
Bài 4: Tìm GTLN hoặc GTNN của biểu thức:
A = x2 - 2x – 1
B = 4x2 + 4x +8
C = 3x - x2 + 2
D = -x2 - 5x
E = x2 - 4xy + 5y2 + 10x - 22y + 28
a)
Ta có:
\(A=x^2-2x-1=x^2-2x+1-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
\(\ge0-2=-2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=-2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b)\(B=4x^2+4x+8=4x^2+4x+1+7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+7\ge0+7=7\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=7\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
c)
Ta có:
\(C=3x-x^2+2=2-\left(x^2-3x\right)\)
\(=2+\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(x^2-2x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{17}{4}-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{17}{4}-0=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Vậy \(C_{max}=\dfrac{17}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
d) Ta có:
\(D=-x^2-5x=-\left(x^2+5x\right)=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x^2+2x.\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{25}{4}-0=\dfrac{25}{4}\)
Vậy \(D_{max}=\dfrac{25}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x+\dfrac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\)
e) Ta có:
\(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=x^2+4y^2+5^2-4xy+10x-20y+y^2-2y+1+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(\ge0+0+2=2\)
Vậy \(E_{min}=2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-2y+5=y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 5: Tìm nghiệm của các đa thức sau: Dạng 1: a) 4x + 9 b) -5x + 6 c) 7 – 2x d) 2x + 5 Dạng 2: a) ( x+ 5 ) ( x – 3) b) ( 2x – 6) ( x – 3) c) ( x – 2) ( 4x + 10 ) Dạng 3: a) x2 -2x b) x2 – 3x c) 3x2 – 4x d) ( 2x- 1)2 Dạng 4: a) x2 – 1 b) x2 – 9 c)– x 2 + 25 d) x2 - 2 e) 4x2 + 5 f) –x 2 – 16 g) - 4x4 – 25 Dạng 5: a) 2x2 – 5x + 3 b) 4x2 + 6x – 1 c) 2x2 + x – 1 d) 3x2 + 2x – 1
Tìm x, biết
b) x2 - 2x + 1 = 4
c) x2 - 4x + 4 = 9
d) 4x2 - 4x + 1 = 4
e) x2 - 2x - 8 = 0
f) 9x2 - 6x - 8 = 0
b)x2-2x+1=4
⇔(x-1)2=4
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2\\x-1=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)x2-4x+4=9
⇔ (x-2)2=9
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=3\\x-2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
d)4x2-4x+1=4
⇔ (2x-1)2=4
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=4\\2x-1=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e)x2-2x-8=0
⇔ x2-4x+2x-8=0
⇔ x(x-4)+2(x-4)=0
⇔(x-4)(x+2)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
f)9x2-6x-8=0
⇔ 9x2-12x+6x-8=0
⇔ 3x(3x-4)+2(3x-4)=0
⇔ (3x-4)(3x+2)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\x=\dfrac{-2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)