Chứng minh rằng : Nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{b}{c}\) thì \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\) ( b,c ≠ o)
Chứng minh rằng nếu a,b,c lẻ thì (a,b,c)=\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2},\dfrac{b+c}{2},\dfrac{c+a}{2}\right)\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\) thì: \(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ne0\\b\ne0\\c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+\dfrac{x^2\cdot\left(b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2}+y^2+\dfrac{y^2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}{b^2}+z^2+\dfrac{z^2\cdot\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\cdot\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+y^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2}+z^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}=0\)(1)
Vì (1) luôn không âm mà a,b,c≠0
nên x=y=z=0
⇒\(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}+0^{2019}+0^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=0\)
mà \(\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=0\)
nên \(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu a,b,c \(\ge\)0 và abc=1 thì
\(\dfrac{1}{2+a}+\dfrac{1}{2+b}+\dfrac{1}{2+c}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab+bc+ca+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca+12\le2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge3\)
Hiển nhiên đúng do: \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}=3\)
Vì abc=1 , ta đặt \(a=\dfrac{x}{y};b=\dfrac{y}{z};c=\dfrac{z}{x}\)
Điều phải chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\dfrac{1}{2+\dfrac{x}{y}}+\dfrac{1}{2+\dfrac{y}{z}}+\dfrac{1}{2+\dfrac{z}{x}}\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{2y+x}+\dfrac{z}{2z+y}+\dfrac{x}{2x+z}\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{2y+x}+\dfrac{2z}{2z+y}+\dfrac{2x}{2x+z}\le2\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2y+x}+\dfrac{y}{2z+y}+\dfrac{z}{2x+z}\ge1\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{2y+x}+\dfrac{y}{2z+x}+\dfrac{z}{2x+z}=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2zx}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=1\)
=> bài toán được chứng minh
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=1 <=>a=b=c=1
Tìm 2 PS có mẫu số khác nhau , các phân số này lớn hơn \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) nhưng nhỏ hơn \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cho a,b,c ∈ N*.Chứng minh rằng . Nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\) thì \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)
a: Gọi phân số cần tìm có dạng là \(\dfrac{a}{b}\left(b\ne0\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
=>\(0,\left(3\right)< \dfrac{a}{b}< 0,5\)
=>\(\dfrac{a}{b}=0,4;\dfrac{a}{b}=0,42\)
=>\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{2}{5};\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{21}{25}\)
Vậy: Hai phân số cần tìm là \(\dfrac{2}{5};\dfrac{21}{25}\)
b: a/b<1
=>a<b
=>\(a\cdot c< b\cdot c\)
=>\(a\cdot c+ab< b\cdot c+ab\)
=>\(a\left(c+b\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
=>\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)
Cho \(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{b}\) chứng minh rằng:
a)\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
b)\(\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}\)=\(\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
a) Đề là chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\) à bạn?
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+ab}{b^2+ab}=\dfrac{a\left(a+b\right)}{b\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
b)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow c^2=ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+ab}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm.\)
Chứng minh rằng với mọi a, b, c ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{a}{c}\)
cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}\)chứng minh rằng :
\(a,\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\\ b,\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
a,Từ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\)⇒\(c^2=a.b\)
Khi đó \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+a.b}{b^2+a.b}\\ =\dfrac{a\left(a+b\right)}{b\left(a+b\right)}\)
b,Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b}{a}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+c^2}-1=\dfrac{b}{a}-1\\ hay\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
Chứng minh rằng: Nếu 3 số thực a, b, c thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\) thì trong 3 số đó luôn tồn tại 2 số đối nhau
`1/a+1/b+1/c=1/(a+b+c)`
`<=>(a+b)/(ab)+(a+b)/(c(a+b+c))=0`
`<=>(a+b)(ab+ac+bc+c^2)=0`
`<=>(a+b)(a+c)(b+c)=0`
`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}a=-b\\b=-c\\c=-a\end{array} \right.$
`=>` PT luôn tồn tại 2 số đối nhau
Cho 3 số a , b , c khác 0 thỏa mãn : \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\)
Chứng minh rằng : a=b=c
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{2c^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{2a}{c}+\dfrac{2c}{b}+\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}-\dfrac{2a}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2b}{a}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}=0\\\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\\\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)