a) K₂CO₃ + 2HCl --> 2KCl + CO₂ + H₂O

b) \(n_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{13,8}{138}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: K₂CO₃ + 2HCl --> 2KCl + CO₂ + H₂O

______0,1----->0,2------>0,2--->0,1

=> V_CO2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)

c) m_HCl = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 (g)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{7,3}=100\left(g\right)\)

d) m_KCl = 0,2.74,5 = 14,9 (g)

m_{dd sau pư} = 13,8 + 100 - 0,1.44 = 109,4 (g)

=> \(C\%\left(KCl\right)=\dfrac{14,9}{109,4}.100\%=13,62\%\)

\(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O|\)

          1             6              2            3

         0,1         0,6            0,1 

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.6}{1}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9.100}{10}=219\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ddspu}=10,2+219=229,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{26,7.100}{229,2}=11,65\)⁰/₀ 

 Chúc bạn học tốt

nAl2O3=10.2:102=0.1(mol) 

PTHH:Al2O3+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2O

theo pthh:nHCl:nAl2O3=6->nHCl=6*0.1=0.6(mol)

mHCl=0.6*36.5=21.9(g)

mdd HCl=21.9*100:14.6=150(g)

theo pthh:nAlCl3:nAl2O3=2->nAlCl3=0.1*2=0.2(mol)

mAlCl3=0.2*133.5=26.7(g)

mdd sau phản ứng:10.2+150=160.2

a)\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

             0,1          0,6           0,2         0,3         (mol)

\(m_{HCl}=n.M=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

b)\(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

c)\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{C\%}.100\)=\(\dfrac{21,9}{10}.100\)=219(g)

theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng

\(m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{ddHCl}=m_{ddAlCl_3}\)\(\Rightarrow m_{ddAlCl_3}=10,2+219\)=229,2(g)

\(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{m_{AlCl_3}}{m_{ddAlCl_3}}.100\)=\(\dfrac{26,7}{229,2}.100\)=8,92%

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

a, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\)

a)

$AgNO_3 + HCl \to AgCl + HNO_3$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{AgCl} = n_{HCl} = n_{AgNO_3} = \dfrac{340.10\%}{170} =0,2(mol)$

$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%} = 100(gam)$

b)

$m_{AgCl} = 0,2.143,5 = 28,7(gam)$

c)

$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 340 + 100 -28,7 = 411,3(gam)$

$n_{HNO_3} = n_{AgNO_3} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C\%_{HNO_3} = \dfrac{0,2.63}{411,3}.100\% = 3,06\%$

Bài 9 : 

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05--->0,1-------->0,05 

a) \(C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

b) \(m_{CuCl2}=0,05.135=6,75\left(g\right)\)

c) \(C_{MCuCl2}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}0,5\left(M\right)\)

Câu 10 : 

\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{3,6}{72}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05-->0,1------->0,05

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{10\%}100\%=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=3,6+36,5=40,1\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{40,1}.100\%=15,84\%\)

Câu 10 :

\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{3,6}{72}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05      0,1           0,05       0,05

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{\left(3,6+36,5\right)}.100\%=15,84\%\)

PTPỨ: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 (mol)
Theo ptpứ: nHCl = 2nZn = 0,2 (mol)

=> mHCl = 0,2 x 36,5 = 7,3 (g)
nH2 = nZn = 0,1 (mol)
=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1 x 22,4 = 2,24 (l)
mdd HCl đã dùng = 7,3 x 7,3% = 0,5329(g)

Câu c bạn viết rõ ra đi ak. CM hay C% và của chất j

`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 +H_2↑`

`0,2`     `0,4`              `0,2`      `0,2`        `(mol)`

`n_[HCl] = [ [ 7,3 ] / 100 . 200 ] / [ 36,5 ] = 0,4 (mol)`

`a) m_[Mg] = 0,2 . 24 = 4,8 (g)`

`b) C%_[MgCl_2] = [ 0,2 . 95 ] / [ 4,8 + 200 - 0,2 . 2 ] . 100 ~~ 9,3%`

PTHH : \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

a)Số mol của \(Al_2O_3\)là :

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{m_{Al_2O_3}}{M_{Al_2O_3}}=\frac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH ,ta có : \(n_{HCl}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

b)Theo PTHH ,ta có : \(n_{HCl}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=n_{AlCl_3}.M_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\frac{mAl_2O_3}{m_{AlCl_3}}=\frac{10,2}{13,35}\approx76,4\%\)

Ta có \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{10,2}{102}=0,1\)(mol) (1)

Phương trinh hóa học phản ứng 

Al₂O₃ + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

    1        : 6             : 2         : 3                      (2)

Từ (1) và (2) => n_HCl = 0,6 mol

=> m_HCl  = \(n.M=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

Ta có \(\frac{m_{HCl}}{m_{dd}}=20\%\)

<=> \(\frac{21,9}{m_{dd}}=\frac{1}{5}\)

<=> \(m_{dd}=109,5\left(g\right)\)

=> Khối lượng dung dịch HCl 20% là 109,5 g

b) \(n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\)(mol)

=> \(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=0,2.133,5=26,7g\)

 m_{dung dịch sau phản ứng}  = 109,5 + 10,2  = 119,7 g 

=> \(C\%=\frac{26,7}{119,7}.100\%=22,3\%\)