Cho a, b, c thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức: A=\(\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\dfrac{a+b}{c}\)
Cho 3 số a,b,c đôi một khác 0, tính giá trị của biểu thức:
\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right).\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right).\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
thỏa mãn điều kiện: \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)\(=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
=> a+b=2c; b+c=2a; c+a=2b
Thay vào A ta được: A=((a+b)/b)((c+b)/c)((a+c)/a)
=2c/b.2a/c.2b/a=2.2.2=8
1. Cho a, b, c, d thỏa mãn: abcd=1.
Tính gía trị biểu thức:
M= \(\dfrac{a}{abc+ab+a+1}+\dfrac{b}{bcd+bc+b+1}+\dfrac{c}{cda+cd+1}+\dfrac{d}{dab+da+d+1}\)
2. Cho các số a, b, c, d thỏa mãn: 0 ≤a, b, c, d ≤1.
Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức:
N\(=\dfrac{a}{bcd+1}+\dfrac{b}{cda+1}+\dfrac{c}{dab+1}+\dfrac{d}{abc+1}\)
3. Cho tam giác ABC nhọn có các đường cao AM, BN, CP cắt nhau tại H.
a) Chứng minh: \(AB.BP+AC.CN=BC^2\)
b) Cho B, C cố định A thay đổi. Tìm vị trí điểm A để: MH,MA đạt max ?
c) Gọi S,S1,S2,S3 lần luợt là diện tích các tam giác ABC, APN, BMP, CMN.
Chứng minh: \(S_1.S_2.S_3\) ≤ \(\dfrac{1}{64}S_3\)
Bài 1: Ta có:
\(M=\frac{ad}{abcd+abd+ad+d}+\frac{bad}{bcd.ad+bc.ad+bad+ad}+\frac{c.abd}{cda.abd+cd.abd+cabd+abd}+\frac{d}{dab+da+d+1}\)
\(=\frac{ad}{1+abd+ad+d}+\frac{bad}{d+1+bad+ad}+\frac{1}{ad+d+1+abd}+\frac{d}{dab+da+d+1}\)
$=\frac{ad+abd+1+d}{ad+abd+1+d}=1$
Bài 2:
Vì $a,b,c,d\in [0;1]$ nên
\(N\leq \frac{a}{abcd+1}+\frac{b}{abcd+1}+\frac{c}{abcd+1}+\frac{d}{abcd+1}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{abcd+1}\)
Ta cũng có:
$(a-1)(b-1)\geq 0\Rightarrow a+b\leq ab+1$
Tương tự:
$c+d\leq cd+1$
$(ab-1)(cd-1)\geq 0\Rightarrow ab+cd\leq abcd+1$
Cộng 3 BĐT trên lại và thu gọn thì $a+b+c+d\leq abcd+3$
$\Rightarrow N\leq \frac{abcd+3}{abcd+1}=\frac{3(abcd+1)-2abcd}{abcd+1}$
$=3-\frac{2abcd}{abcd+1}\leq 3$
Vậy $N_{\max}=3$
3.
Hình vẽ:
Lời giải:
a) △AMC và △BNC có: \(\widehat{AMC}=\widehat{BNC}=90^0;\widehat{ACB}\) là góc chung.
\(\Rightarrow\)△AMC∼△BNC (g-g).
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{AC}{BC}=\dfrac{CM}{CN}\Rightarrow AC.CN=BC.CM\left(1\right)\)
b) △AMB và △CPB có: \(\widehat{AMB}=\widehat{CPB}=90^0;\widehat{ABC}\) là góc chung.
\(\Rightarrow\)△AMB∼△CPB (g-g)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{AB}{CB}=\dfrac{BM}{BP}\Rightarrow AB.BP=BC.BM\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:
\(AC.CN+AB.BP=BC.CM+BC.BM=BC.\left(CM+BM\right)=BC.BC=BC^2\left(đpcm\right)\)b) Gọi \(M_0\) là trung điểm BC, giả sử \(AB< AC\).
\(\widehat{HBM}=90^0-\widehat{BHM}=90^0-\widehat{AHN}=\widehat{CAM}\)
△HBM và △CAM có: \(\widehat{HBM}=\widehat{CAM};\widehat{HMB}=\widehat{CMA}=90^0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)△HBM∼△CAM (g-g)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{MH}{CM}=\dfrac{BM}{MA}\Rightarrow MH.MA=BM.CM\)
Ta có: \(BM.CM=\left(BM_0-MM_0\right)\left(CM_0+MM_0\right)=\left(BM_0-MM_0\right)\left(BM_0+MM_0\right)=BM_0^2-MM_0^2\le BM_0^2=\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow MH.MA\le\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\).
Vì \(BC\) không đổi nên: \(max\left(MH.MA\right)=\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\), đạt được khi △ABC cân tại A hay A nằm trên đường trung trực của BC.
c) Sửa đề: \(S_1.S_2.S_3\le\dfrac{1}{64}.S^3\)
△AMC∼△BNC \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{AC}{BC}=\dfrac{MC}{NC}\Rightarrow\dfrac{AC}{MC}=\dfrac{BC}{NC}\)
△ABC và △MNC có: \(\dfrac{AC}{MC}=\dfrac{BC}{NC};\widehat{ACB}\) là góc chung.
\(\Rightarrow\)△ABC∼△MNC (c-g-c)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{S_{MNC}}{S_{ABC}}=\dfrac{S_1}{S}=\dfrac{MC}{AC}.\dfrac{NC}{BC}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự:
△ABC∼△MBP \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{S_{MBP}}{S_{ABC}}=\dfrac{S_2}{S}=\dfrac{MB}{AB}.\dfrac{BP}{BC}\left(2\right)\)
△ABC∼△ANP \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{S_{ANP}}{S_{ABC}}=\dfrac{S_3}{S}=\dfrac{AN}{AB}.\dfrac{AP}{AC}\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) suy ra:
\(\dfrac{S_1}{S}.\dfrac{S_2}{S}.\dfrac{S_3}{S}=\left(\dfrac{MC}{AC}.\dfrac{NC}{BC}\right).\left(\dfrac{MB}{AB}.\dfrac{BP}{BC}\right).\left(\dfrac{AN}{AB}.\dfrac{AP}{AC}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{S_1}{S}.\dfrac{S_2}{S}.\dfrac{S_3}{S}=\left(\dfrac{MC.MB}{AC.AB}\right).\left(\dfrac{BP.AP}{AC.BC}\right).\left(\dfrac{AN.CN}{AB.BC}\right)\) (*)
Áp dụng câu b) ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BM.CM\le\dfrac{1}{4}BC^2\\AP.BP\le\dfrac{1}{4}AB^2\\AN.CN\le\dfrac{1}{4}AC^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (*) suy ra:
\(\dfrac{S_1}{S}.\dfrac{S_2}{S}.\dfrac{S_3}{S}\le\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}BC^2}{AC.AB}\right).\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}AC^2}{AC.BC}\right).\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}AB^2}{AB.BC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{64}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_1.S_2.S_3\le\dfrac{1}{64}.S^3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi △ABC đều.
Bài 17: Cho a, b, c là 3 số thực khác 0, thỏa mãn điều kiện : \(a+b\ne-c\) và \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}\)=\(\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\). Tính giá trị biểu thức P=\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)x\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\)x\(\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\\ \dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\Rightarrow b+c=2a\\ \dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\Rightarrow c+a=2b\)
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{2c.2b.2a}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\\ =8\)
cho 3 số a,b,c khác 0 thỏa mãn : \(\dfrac{2022a+b+c}{a}\) = \(\dfrac{a+2022b+c}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b+2022c}{c}\) . tính giá trị của biểu thức P = \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}\) = \(\dfrac{b+c}{a}\) = \(\dfrac{a+c}{b}\)
Lời giải:
$\frac{2022a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+2022b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+2022c}{c}$
$=2021+\frac{a+b+c}{a}=2021+\frac{a+b+c}{b}=2021+\frac{a+b+c}{c}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+c}{c}$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=0$ hoặc $\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=0$ hoặc $a=b=c$
Nếu $a+b+c=0$ thì:
$P=\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{(-c)}{c}+\frac{(-b)}{b}+\frac{(-a)}{a}=-1+(-1)+(-1)=-3$
Nếu $a=b=c$ thì:
$P=\frac{c+c}{c}+\frac{a+a}{a}+\frac{b+b}{b}=2+2+2=6$
cho các số dương a,b,c thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=4\)
Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức M= \(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\right)\)
CMTT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{2a}+\dfrac{2}{2b}+\dfrac{2}{2c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(minM=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
ba số a,b,c,khác 0 và a+b+c\(\ne\)0,thỏa mãn điều kiện \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
tính giá trị của biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b}{c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2+2+2=6\)
cho a,b,c > 0 thỏa mãn :a+b+c+ab+bc+ca=6abc
tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức: M = \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c^2}\)
Cho các số thực dương $a, b, c$ thỏa mãn $\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3$.
Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức $A=\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+b}$.
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : a=b
Chứng minh tương tự như trên ; ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{b+c}\text{≤}\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{c+a}\text{≤}\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng vế với vế của (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; ta được :
\(A\text{≤}\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\text{=}\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi ;
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy Max (A) = 3/2 khi a=b=c=1
quản lí tên kiểu j z
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cho a,b,c khác 0 thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\). Tính giá trị biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Do đó:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=c\\b+c-a=a\\c+a-b=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c+a=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay a+b=2c;b+c=2a và c+a=2b vào biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abc}\), ta được:
\(P=\dfrac{2a\cdot2b\cdot2c}{abc}=\dfrac{8abc}{abc}=8\)
Vậy: P=8
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{a+b+c}\) (t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
hay \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\) (1)
Ta cũng có: \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a}{a+c}\) (t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
hay \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b}{a+c}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{2b}{a+c}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) a + c = 2b (*)
Tương tự ta cũng có: a + b = 2c (**); b + c = 2a (***)
Thay (*); (**); (***) vào P ta được:
P = \(\dfrac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}\) = 2.2.2 = 8
Vậy P = 8
Chúc bn học tốt!
Cho các số a,b,c thoả mãn a+b+c = 126 và \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}=16\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức \(A=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Xét \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)=126.16=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1+\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1+\dfrac{b}{c+a}=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=2013\)
Vậy A = 2013