a) \(\sqrt{4a^2}=2\left|a\right|=-2a\) ( do a<0)

b) \(\sqrt{4x^2-12x+9}=\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)^2}=\left|2x-3\right|=3-2x\)(do \(x< \dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow2x-3< 0\))

1.

 Ta có: \(A=\sqrt{31-2\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{30}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{30}-1\right|=\sqrt{30}-1\)

\(B=\sqrt{11-2\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\right|=\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\)

\(C=\sqrt{13-2\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}\right|=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}\)

\(D=\sqrt{39-6\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{30}-3\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{30}-3\right|=\sqrt{30}-3\)

\(A=\sqrt{31-2\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{30}-1\)

\(B=\sqrt{11-2\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\)

\(C=\sqrt{13-2\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{3}\)

\(D=\sqrt{39-6\sqrt{30}}=\sqrt{30}-3\)

a: \(=\sqrt{5}-1\)

b: \(=\sqrt{2}-1\)

c: \(=\sqrt{3}+1\)

d: \(=\sqrt{13}+1\)

a.\(\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{3}+2\right|=\sqrt{3}+2\)

b.\(\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{5}-2\right|=\sqrt{5}-2\)

c.\(\sqrt{14+6\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{5}+3\right|=\sqrt{5}+3\)

d.\(\sqrt{17-12\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}-3\right)^2}=\left|2\sqrt{2}-3\right|=3-2\sqrt{2}\)

A = (2 + √2)/(1 + √2)

= √2(√2 + 1)/(1 + √2)

= √2

C = (2√3 - √6)/(√8 - 2)

= √6(√2 - 1)/[2(√2 - 1)]

= √6/2

E = (x√x + 1)/(√x + 1)

= (√x + 1)(x - √x + 1)/(√x + 1)

= x - √x + 1

A = $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{1 + \sqrt{2}}$

Để rút gọn biểu thức này, ta nhân tử và chia tử cho $1 - \sqrt{2}$:

A = $\frac{(2 + \sqrt{2})(1 - \sqrt{2})}{(1 + \sqrt{2})(1 - \sqrt{2})}$

A = $\frac{-2\sqrt{2}}{-1}$

A = $2\sqrt{2}$

C = $\frac{2\sqrt{3} - \sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{8} - 2}$

Ta nhân tử và chia tử cho $\sqrt{2}$:

C = $\frac{(2\sqrt{3} - \sqrt{6})\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{8} - 2)\sqrt{2}}$

C = $\frac{4\sqrt{6} - 2\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}}$

C = $\frac{2\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}$

Ta nhân tử và chia tử cho $\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}$:

C = $\frac{(2\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{3})(\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2})}{(\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2})}$

C = $\frac{12 - 3\sqrt{2}}{2}$

C = $6 - \frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}$

E = $\frac{x\sqrt{x+1}}{\sqrt{x+1}}$

E = $x\sqrt{\frac{x+1}{x+1}}$

E = $x$.

\(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{\sqrt{5}-2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\)

\(=-\sqrt{2}\)

a: M=A:B

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+10-\sqrt{x}-3}{x-9}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{1}=\dfrac{x+7}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

b: \(M=\dfrac{x-9+16}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\sqrt{x}-3+\dfrac{16}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

=>\(M=\sqrt{x}+3+\dfrac{16}{\sqrt{x}+3}-6>=2\sqrt{16}-6=2\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi (căn x+3)^2=16

=>căn x+3=4

=>x=1

\(A=\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}-1}=\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\)

a.

\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+2\sqrt{x}}{1-x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+x-\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}}{1-x}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

b.

\(P=\dfrac{B}{A}=\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{x-1+4}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\sqrt{x}+1+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)\(=\sqrt{x}-1+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}-1}+2\)

Theo BĐT AM - GM ta có: \(\sqrt{x}-1+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}-1}\ge2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}-1}}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{P}\ge6\Rightarrow Min_{\dfrac{1}{P}}=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=4\Rightarrow x=9\) (loại trường hợp \(\sqrt{x}-1=-2\))

Vậy GTNN của biểu thức \(\dfrac{1}{P}=6\) khi x = 9.

a: Ta có: \(2\sqrt{28}+2\sqrt{63}-3\sqrt{175}+\sqrt{112}-\sqrt{20}\)

\(=4\sqrt{7}+6\sqrt{7}-15\sqrt{7}+4\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{5}\)

\(=-\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{5}\)