1)

$3AgNO_3 + AlCl_3 \to Al(NO_3)_3 + 3AgCl$
$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$
$6KOH + Al_2(SO_4)_3 \to 2Al(OH)_3 + 3KCl$
$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O$

2_

$CuCl_2 + 2NaOH \to Cu(OH)_2 + 2NaCl$

Theo PTHH :

$n_{CuCl_2} = n_{Cu(OH)_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH} = \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{200.20\%}{40} = 0,25(mol)$
$m_{CuCl_2} = 0,25.135 = 33,75(gam)$
$m_{Cu(OH)_2} = 0,25.98 = 24,5(gam)$

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\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

Theo PT:  \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)

b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)

c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)

Đáp án D

\(Mg+2HCl \to MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \to n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \%m_{Mg}=\frac{0,15.24}{10}.100\%=36\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-36\%=64\%\)

Phần 1

2Al +6 HCl ----> 2AlCl3 + 3H2   (1)

Fe + 2HCl ----> FeCl2 + H2       (2)

Cu ko pư với dd HCl

Phần 2

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H20 ---> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2   (3)

Fe và Cu ko pư với dd NaOH

Theo pt(3) n Al = \(\frac{2}{3}\).n H2=\(\frac{2}{3}\). \(\frac{3,36}{22,4}\)=0,1 (mol)

%m Al= \(\frac{0,1.27}{20}\).100%= 13,5%

Theo pt(1)(2) tổng n H2=\(\frac{3}{2}\). nAl + n Fe=\(\frac{5,6}{22,4}\)

==> 0,15 + n Fe = 0,25 ==> n Fe = 0,1 (mol)

%m Fe= \(\frac{0,1.56}{20}\).100%= 28%

%m Cu=100% - 13,5% - 28% =58,5%

a/ \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{3,08}{22,4}=0,1375\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

2Fe + 6H₂SO₄(đ) ---t^o---> Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 6SO₂ + 3H₂O

  x                                                              3x

Cu + 2H₂SO₄(đ) ---t^o---> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

 y                                                      y

Fe + 2HCl ----> FeCl₂ + H₂

x                                     x

Cu + 2HCl -----> CuCl₂ + H₂

y                                          y

Ta có hệ pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,1375\\x+y=0,075\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,03125\left(mol\right)\\y=0,04375\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{hh}=0,03125.56+0,04375.64=4,55\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,03125.56.100\%}{4,55}=38,46\%\)

b, \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.1,2=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(T=\dfrac{n_{SO_2}}{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,1375}{0,12}=1,1458\) 

 => tạo ra 2 muối là BaSO₃ và Ba(HSO₃)₂

SO₂ + Ba(OH)₂ ---> BaSO₃ + H₂O

 x          x                      x

2SO₂ + Ba(OH)₂ ----> Ba(HSO₃)₂

   y           0,5y                 0,5y

Ta có hệ pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,1375\\x+0,5y=0,12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1025\left(mol\right)\\y=0,035\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{muối}=0,1025.217+0,5.0,035.299=27,475\left(g\right)\)

Gọi số mol của Cu, Fe, Al trong 23,8 gam hhX lần lượt là x, y, z mol

→ m_X = 64x + 56y + 27z = 23,8 (1)
\(n_{Cl_2}\) = x + 1,5y + 1,5z = 0,65 (2)
0,25 mol X + HCl → 0,2 mol H2 nên 0,2.(x + y + z) = 0,25.(y + 1,5z) (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) => x = 0,2 mol; y = 0,1 mol; z = 0,2 mol 

\(\%_{Cu} = \dfrac{0,2. 64}{23,8} \approx 53,78\%\)

\(\%_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1 .56}{23,8} \approx 23,53\%\)

 %_Al ≈ 22,69%

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.1......0.2....................0.1\)

\(m_{Cu}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=12-0.1\cdot56=6.4\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)