a)     \(\cos \left( {a + b} \right) = \sin \left[ {\left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - a} \right) - b} \right] = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - a} \right).\cos b - \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - a} \right).\sin b = \cos a.\cos b - \sin a.\sin b\)

b)     \(\cos \left( {a - b} \right) = \cos \left[ {a + \left( { - b} \right)} \right] = \cos a.\cos \left( { - b} \right) - \sin a.\sin \left( { - b} \right) = \sin a.\sin b + \cos a.\cos b\)

a) Ta có: \(\cos \left( {a + b} \right) + \cos \left( {a - b} \right) = \cos a\cos b + \sin a\sin b + \cos a\cos b - \sin a\sin b = 2\cos a\cos b\)

Suy ra: \(\cos a\cos b = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\cos \left( {a - b} \right) + \cos \left( {a + b} \right)} \right]\;\)

b) Ta có: \(\sin \left( {a + b} \right) + \sin \left( {a - b} \right) = \sin a\cos b + \cos a\sin b + \sin a\cos b - \cos a\sin b = 2\sin a\cos b\)

Suy ra: \(\sin a\cos b = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\sin \left( {a - b} \right) + \sin \left( {a + b} \right)} \right]\)

\(\cos \left( {a + b} \right)\cos \left( {a - b} \right) - \sin \left( {a + b} \right)\sin \left( {a - b} \right)\)

\( = \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\cos \left( {a + b - a + b} \right) + \cos \left( {a + b + a - b} \right)} \right] - \frac{1}{2}\left[ {\cos \left( {a + b - a + b} \right) - \cos \left( {a + b + a - b} \right)} \right]\)

\( = \frac{1}{2}\left( {\cos 2b + \cos 2a - \cos 2b + \cos 2a} \right) = \frac{1}{2}.2\cos 2a = \cos 2a = 1 - 2{\sin ^2}a\)

Vậy chọn đáp án C

\(B=cos^2x+cos^2\left(x+y\right)-\left[cos\left(x+y\right)+cos\left(x-y\right)\right]cos\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=cos^2x+cos^2\left(x+y\right)-cos^2\left(x+y\right)-cos\left(x-y\right)cos\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=cos^2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(cos2x+cos2y\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2y\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2y\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-\alpha+2\pi\right)+cos\left(\pi+\alpha+12\pi\right)-3sin\left(\alpha-\pi-4\pi\right)\)

\(=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-\alpha\right)+cos\left(\pi+\alpha\right)-3sin\left(\alpha-\pi\right)\)

\(=cos\alpha-cos\alpha+3sin\left(\pi-\alpha\right)\)\(=3sin\alpha\)

\(B=sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}+42\pi\right)+cos\left(x+\pi+2016\pi\right)+sin^2\left(x+\pi+32\pi\right)+sin^2\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}-2\pi\right)+cos\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}+2\pi\right)\)

\(=sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)+cos\left(x+\pi\right)+sin^2\left(x+\pi\right)+sin^2\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)+cos\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\)

\(=cosx-cosx+sin^2x+cos^2x+sinx\)

\(=1+sinx\)

\(C=sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}+1008\pi\right)+2sin^2\left(\pi-x\right)+cos\left(x+\pi+2018\pi\right)+cos2x+sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}+4\pi\right)\)

\(=sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)+2sin^2\left(\pi-x\right)+cos\left(x+\pi\right)+cos2x+sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\)

\(=cosx+2sin^2x-cosx+1-2sin^2x+cosx\)

\(=1+cosx\)

\(x+2y=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=\dfrac{\pi}{2}-y\) thay vào A được:

\(A=\dfrac{cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-y\right)-cosy}{cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-y\right)+cosy}\)\(=\dfrac{siny-cosy}{siny+cosy}\)\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.siny-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.cosy}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.siny+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}cosy}\)\(=\dfrac{cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}.siny-sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}.cosy}{sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}.siny+cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}.cosy}\)

\(=\dfrac{sin\left(y-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)}{cos\left(y-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)}\)\(=tan\left(y-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)

\(x+2y=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{\pi}{2}-y\)

\(\Rightarrow cos\left(x+y\right)=cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow cos\left(x+y\right)=siny\)

Do đó: \(A=\dfrac{siny-cosy}{siny+cosy}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}sin\left(y-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)}{\sqrt{2}cos\left(y-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)}=tan\left(y-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)

\(a,\sqrt{2}sin\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)-cos\alpha\\ =\sqrt{2}\left(sin\alpha cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}+cos\alpha sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)-cos\alpha\\ =\sqrt{2}\left(sin\alpha\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+cos\alpha\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)-cos\alpha\\ =\sqrt{2}\cdot sin\alpha\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}+\sqrt{2}\cdot cos\alpha\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}-cos\alpha\\ =sin\alpha+cos\alpha-cos\alpha\\ =sin\alpha\)

\(b,\left(cos\alpha+sin\alpha\right)^2-sin2\alpha\\ =cos^2\alpha+sin^2\alpha=2cos\alpha sin\alpha-2sin\alpha cos\alpha\\ =sin^2\alpha+cos^2\alpha\\ =1\)

\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}cos\left(2a-2b\right)+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}cos2b+2sin\left(a-b\right)sinb.cosa\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{2}\left[cos\left(2a-2b\right)+cos2b\right]+2sin\left(a-b\right)sinb.cosa\)

\(=1-cosa.cos\left(a-2b\right)+2sin\left(a-b\right).sinb.cosa\)

\(=1-cosa\left[cos\left(a-2b\right)-2sin\left(a-b\right)sinb\right]\)

\(=1-cosa\left[cos\left(a-2b\right)+cosa-cos\left(a-2b\right)\right]\)

\(=1-cosa^2=sin^2a\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự:

\(B=1+cos\left(2a+b\right).cosb-2cosa.cosb.cos\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=1+cosb\left[cos\left(2a+b\right)-2cosa.cos\left(a+b\right)\right]\)

\(=1+cosb\left[cos\left(2a+b\right)-cos\left(2a+b\right)-cosb\right]\)

\(=1-cos^2b=sin^2b\)