1. Because I am sick, I do not go out

-> Because of my sickness, I do not go out.
2. Because the water is polluted, we can't swim in that river

-> Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in that river.
3. Because Nga has had a sore leg, she has difficulty in walking.

-> Because of a sore leg, she has difficulty in walking.
4. Because he behaved badly, he found himself in trouble.

-> Because of his bad behaviour, he found himself in trouble.
5. Because it was snowing, we didn't go out for a walk.

-> Because of snowing, we didn't go out for a walk.
6. Because of his good looks, he is popular with many girls.

-> Because he is good looking, he is popular with many girls.
7. Because of his serious sickness, he couldn't come to the class.

-> Because he has a serious sick, he couldn't come to the class.
8. Because of too much exhaust fume, people have to wear gauze masks in the street.

-> Because there is so much exhaust fume, people have to wear gauze masks in the street.
9. Because of their good performance, they won the first prize.

-> Because they performed well, they won the first prize.

Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers.
1. He got wet he forgot his umbrella.
A. because of B. because C. but D. and
2. He stops working heavy raining.
A. in spite of B. although C. despite D. because of
3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life their poverty.
A. in spite of B. although C. because D. because of
4. Jill and Jolly were happy it was their both birthday party that day.
A. because B. even though C. spite of D. Despite
5. Nobody could hear her she spoke too quietly.
A. although B. because C. because of D. in spite of
6. We decided to leave early the party was boring.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
7. We all feel sad the bad news
A. because B. because of C. though D. despite
8. John lost his job his laziness.
A. because of B. because C. in spite of D. though
9. We can't go to Julia's party we're going away that weekend.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of
10. Nam was absent from class yesterday he felt sick.
A. so B. because C. although D. but
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.
1. The boy can’t reach the shelf he’s not tall enough.
A. because B. although C. even though D. and
2. She couldn’t unlock it she had the wrong key.
A. while B. but C. though D. because
3. Nam failed the final exam he was lazy.
A. while B. though C. because D. but
4. We watched TV the whole evening we had nothing better to do.
A. because B. though C. so D. but
5. We didn’t go for a walk it was very cold.
A. though B. because C. but D. so
6. They decided not to go out for a meal they were too tired.
A. so B. because C. but D. if
7. I’m learning English I want to get a better job.
A. or B. because C. therefore D. but
8. Last night we came to the show late the traffic was terrible.
A. although B. despite C. and D. because
9. Lan couldn’t pass the exam she is too lazy.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of

10. his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
A. because B. because of C. despite D. so
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. We delayed our trip BECAUSE OF the bad weather.
2. Sue’s eyes were red BECAUSE she had been crying.
3. My mother is always complaining BECAUSE OF the untidiness of my room.
4. The water in most river is unsafe to drink BECAUSE it’s polluted.
5. The trees were bend over BECAUSE OF the wind.
6. You can’t enter this secure areas BECAUSE you don’t have an official permit.
7. It’s unsafe to travel in that country BECAUSE OF the ongoing civil war.
8. Several people in the crowd became ill and fainted BECAUSE OF the extreme heat.
9. Mark didn’t go to work yesterday BECAUSE he didn’t feel well.
10. We couldn’t get into the disco BECAUSE OF the enormous crowd.
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. I went home early BECAUSE I was feeling unwell.
2. We decided not to go out for a meal BECAUSE we were simply too tired.
3. I couldn’t get to sleep BECAUSE OF the noise.
4. He only accepted the job BECAUSE OF the salary, which was very high.
5. Sarah can’t climb up the tree BECAUSE OF her fear of heights.
6. BECAUSE OF his age, John was not hired ALTHOUGH he had the necessary qualifications.
7. Mary came to class late BECAUSE her motorbike had a puncture.
8. Sandy didn’t go to school yesterday BECAUSE she was sick.
9. She went to bed early BECAUSE OF her tiredness.
10. I couldn’t do the test BECAUSE it was too difficult.
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1. He didn’t come because of his sickness.

BECAUSE HE WAS SICK, He didn’t come
2. The train was late because the fog was thick.

BECAUSE OF THE THICK FOG, The train was late
3. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather.

BECAUSE THE WEATHER WAS BAD, The plane couldn’t take off
4. He left the school because his family was poor.

BECAUSE OF HIS FAMILY'S POVERTY,The plane couldn’t take off
5. We couldn’t study because of the noise.

BECAUSE IT WAS TOO NOISE, We couldn’t study
6. I didn’t go swimming because it was cold.

BECAUSE OF THE COLD, I didn’t go swimming
7. These students arrive late because of the bad traffic.

BECAUSE THE TRAFFIC WAS BAD, These students arrive late
8. Mary can’t sleep because she has drunk a cup of strong coffee.

BECAUSE OF DRINKING A CUP OF STRONG COFFEE, MARY CAN'T SLEEP
9. Because of getting up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.

BECAUSE HE GOT UP EARLY, he wasn’t late for the first train.

I.

1.although

2.although

3.despite

4.although

5. although

6.in spite of

7.despite

8. because

9.because of

10.because of

II

1.Despite having a lot of money, I am not very satistied.

2.IN SPITE OF the rain, they still go fishing.

3.DESPITE working hard, she doesn’t get good results.

4. IN SPITE OF being a singer , he sings badly.

5. DESPITE the difficult exercise, she can do it easily.

6. DESPITE being very rich, He isn’t happy

7.IN SPITE OF getting a good job, he was not satisfied.

8. BECAUSE OF Mary's sickness,she didn’t go to school yesterday

9. BECAUSE OF feeling tired, She went to bed early

10. BECAUSE OF the hot weather, I can’t sleep

Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:

1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.

--> Although he is so lazy, he passed the exam.

2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.

--> Though he is rich, he doesn't buy anything.

3) Inspite of her beauty, she is very lazy.

--> Even though she is beautiful, she is very lazy.

4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.

--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather was cloudy

5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.

--> Although the exercises are difficult , Nam can finish his homework

6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.

--> Although the weather was bad, they wanted to go out.

7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.

--> The weather wasn't cold although it rained heavily

8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.

--> Despite being ill, she goes to school every morning.

9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.

--> Athough The exercise was difficult he could find the answer.

10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.

--> BecauseI'm seriously sick, i don't want to go out.

11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.

--> Because the water is polluted , we can't swim in the water.

12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.

--> Because he ran fast, he won the prize.

13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.

--> Because it rained heavily, we didn't go out for a walk.

Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:

1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.

--> Although he was so lazy,he passed the exam.

2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.

--> Though he is rich,he doesn't buy anything.

3) Inspite of her beauty, she is very lazy.

--> Even though she is beautiful,she is very lazy.

4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.

--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather is cloudy

5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.

--> Although the exercises are difficult,Nam can finish his homework.

6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.

--> Although the weather was bad,they wanted to go out.

7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.

--> The weather wasn't cold although it rained heavily.

8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.

--> Despite her illness,she goes to school every morning.

9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.

--> Athough the exercise was difficult,he could find the answer.

10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.

--> Because I'm seriously sick,I don't want to go out.

11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.

--> Because the water is polluted,we can't swim in the water.

12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.

--> Because he ran so fast,he won the prize.

13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.

--> Because it rained heavily,we didn't go out for a walk

Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:

1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.

--> Although he is so lazy , he passed the exam.

2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.

--> Though he is rich , he doesn't buy anything.

3) In spite of her beauty, she is very lazy.

--> Even though she is beautiful , she is very lazy.

4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.

--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather is cloudy

5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.

--> Although the exercises are difficult , Nam can finish his homework

6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.

--> Although the weather was bad, they wanted to go out.

7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.

--> The weather wasn't cold although the rain is heavy

8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.

--> Despite her illness , she goes to school every morning.

9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.

--> Athough the exercise was difficult , he could find the answer.

10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.

--> Because I'm seriously sick , i don't want to go out.

11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.

--> Because the water is polluted , we can't swim in the water.

12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.

--> Because he runs fast , he won the prize.

13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.

--> Because the rain is heavy , we didn't go out for a walk.

#Yumi

Rewrite the sentences, using the words in the brackets. Change other words in the sentence if necessary.

- Peter didn't go to school yesterday because he was sick. ( because of )

PETER DIDN'T GO TO SCHOOL YESTERDAY BECAUSE OF HIS SICKNESS.

- Mary went to bed early becau she felt tired ( because of )

MARY WENT TO BED EARLY BECAUSE OF HER TIREDNESS.

- She didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold ( because of )

SHE DIDN'T GO TO THE CIRCUS WITH BETTY BECAUSE OF HAVING A BAD COLD.

- John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard ( because of )

JOHN SUCCEEDED IN HIS EXAM BECAUSE OF WORKING HARD.

- She stayed at home because her mother was sick ( because of )

SHE STAYED AT HOME BECAUSE OF HER MOTHER'S SICKNESS.

- I like him because his father is kind to me ( because of )

I LIKE HIM BECAUSE OF HIS FATHER 'S KINDNESS TO ME.

- I couldn't do the test because it was difficult. ( because of )

I COULDN'T DO THE TEST BECAUSE OF ITS DIFICULTY.

- Although I am hurry, I can't eat now ( despite )

- Despite the narrow streets,many people drive cars in this city ( although )

ALTHOUGH THE STREETS ARE NARROW, MANY PEOPLE DRIVES CARS IN THE CITY.

- In spite of the high prices,my daughters insist on going to the movie ( although )

ALTHOUGH THE PRICES IS HIGH, my daughters insist on going to the movie.

- They worked very hard in spite of their old age ( although )

ALTHOUGH THEY ARE OLD, THEY WORKED VERY HARD.

- What í the distance between Vinh anh Ha Noi city => How FARR IS IT FROM VINH TO HA NOI CITY ?

- I often walked to school when I was a student. => I used TO WALK TO SCHOOL WHEN I WAS A STUDENT.

- Although they are short,they still love playing sports. ( In spite of )

IN SPITE OF BEING SHORT, THEY STILL LOVE PLAYING SPORTS.

1. Despite being tall, he can't become a model.

2. We couldn't go out because of the rain.

3. In spite of the cheap house, I don't like it.

4. Although the weather is nice, she stays at home.

5. I got bad mark because I made some mistakes.

Rewrite the following sentences in the way that their original meanings do not change.

1.Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.

In spite of being a poor student, Tom studied very well.

2. Mary could not go to school because she was sick.

=> Because of her sickness, Mary could not go to school

3. Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.

=> Despite the bad weather, she went to school on time.

4. My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.

=> In spite of my sickness, my mother told me to go to school

5. Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.

=> Because of the big storm, I stayed at home.

6. Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.

=> Despite his bad grades, Tom was admitted to the university

7. Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.

=> Despite her physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.

8. In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.

=> Although Tom got a good salary, he gave up his job.

9. Though he had much homework to do, he went to sleep.

=> In spite of having much homework to do ,he went to sleep

10.In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.

=> Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies.

Rewrite the following sentences in the way that their original meanings do not change.

1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
=> In spite of being a poor student, Tom studied very well.
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
 Because of being sick,Mary couldn’t go to school.
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
=> Despite the bad weather,she went to school on time.
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
=> In spite of my sickness,my mother told me to go to school.
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of a big storm, I stayed at home.
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
 Despite Tom’s bad grade,he was admitted to the university.
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
=> Despite her physical handicap,she has become a successful woman.
8) In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although Tom got a good salary, he gave up his job.
9) Though he had much finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of having much finished the paper, he went to sleep.
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
=> Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies.

Chúc bạn học tốt!

1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
=> In spite of being a poor student, Tom studied very well.
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
=> Because of being sick,Mary couldn’t go to school.
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.
=> Despite the bad weather,she went to school on time.
4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.
=> In spite of my sickness,my mother told me to go to school.
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of a big storm, I stayed at home.
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
=> Despite Tom’s bad grade,he was admitted to the university.
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
=> Despite her physical handicap,she has become a successful woman.
8) In spite of his good salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although Tom got a good salary, he gave up his job.
9) Though he had much finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of having much finished the paper, he went to sleep.
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
=> Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies.

I. Rewrite VERB or NOUN
1) She cooks very well.
She is a...................good cook.........................................................................
2) My aunt teaches English very well.
My aunt is...............AN GOOD NEGLISH TEACHER.........................................................................
3) He cycles very slowly.
He is...........SLOW CYCLER....................................................................................
4) He types carefully .
He is.............CAREFUL TYPIST....................................................................................
5) These children are quick runners.
These children can.............RUN QUICKLY...........................................................
6) My father plays soccer very well.
My father is a............GOOD SOCCER PLAYER............................................................................
7) I drive very badly.
I am a...................BAD DRIVER.............................................................................
8) She sings very beautifully
She is a...................BEAUTIFUL SINGER..........................................................................
9) He works very hard.
He is.......................HARD WORKER.................................................................................
10)Tom swims very fast.
Tom is................FAST SWIMMER...............................................................................

REWITE SENTENSES
I, Rewrite" Although/ Despite / In spite of "and " Because/ Because of"
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
In spite of..................BEING A POOR STUDENT , TOM STUDIED VERY WELL.....................................................................................
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
Because of..............MARY'S SICKNESS, SHE COULDN'T GO TO SCHOOL.......................................................................................
3) Although the weather was bad , she went to school on time.
Despite .....................THE BAD WEATHER , SHE WENT TO SCHOOL ON TIME.....................................................................................
4) My mother told me to go to school although i was sick.
In spite.................OF BEING SICK , MY MOTHER TO GO TO SCHOOL...........................................................................................
5) Because there was a big storm . I stayed at home.
Because of................A BIG STORM , I STAYED AT HOME.......................................................................................
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
Despite........TOM'S BAD GRADES , HE ...................WAS ADMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY................................................................................
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
Despite..........THE FACT THAT she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.....................................................................................................
8) In spite of his god salary ,Tom gave up his job.
Although......TOM GOT GOOD SALARY M HE GAVE UP HIS JOB.....................................................................................................
9) Though he had not finished the paper , he went to sleep.
In spite of..........THE FACT THAT ...............he had not finished the paper , he went to sleep......................................................................................
10) In spite of the high prices , my daughter insists on going to the movies.
Even though........IT HAS HIGH PRICES , .my daughter insists on going to the movies.................................................................

I. Rewrite VERB or NOUN
1) She cooks very well.
She is a....good cook...................
2) My aunt teaches English very well.
My aunt is......a good English teacher........................
3) He cycles very slowly.
He is.......a slow cyclist...................
4) He types carefully .
He is.......a careful typist......................
5) These children are quick runners.
These children can.....run quickly............
6) My father plays soccer very well.
My father is a......good soccer player...........................
7) I drive very badly.
I am a.....bad driver...............................................
8) She sings very beautifully
She is a..beautiful singer...........................................
9) He works very hard.
He is...a hard worker..............
10)Tom swims very fast.
Tom is......a fast swimmer.............................

REWITE SENTENSES
I, Rewrite" Although/ Despite / In spite of "and " Because/ Because of"
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
In spite of........being a poor student, he studied very well....................
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
Because of.....her sickness, Mary couldn't go to school.....................
3) Although the weather was bad , she went to school on time.
Despite .........the bad weather, she went to school on time............
4) My mother told me to go to school although i was sick.
In spite...of my sickness, my mothet told me..............
5) Because there was a big storm . I stayed at home.
Because of...........a big storm, I stayed at home...........
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
Despite........Tom's bad grades, he was admitted to the university......................
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
Despite.... her physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.............

8) In spite of his god salary ,Tom gave up his job.
Although.......Tom had a good salary, he gave up his job
9) Though he had not finished the paper , he went to sleep.
In spite of.....having not finished the paper, he went to sleep........
10) In spite of the high prices , my daughter insists on going to the movies.
Even though......the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies............

I. Rewrite VERB or NOUN
1) She cooks very well.
She is a................................................a very good cook............................................
2) My aunt teaches English very well.
My aunt is................................................a very good English teacher........................................
3) He cycles very slowly.
He is.......................................................a very slow cyclist........................................
4) He types carefully .
He is......................................................a very careful typist...........................................
5) These children are quick runners.
These children can......................................run quickly..................................
6) My father plays soccer very well.
My father is a..............................................very good soccer player..........................................
7) I drive very badly.
I am a........................................................very bad driver........................................
8) She sings very beautifully
She is a...................................................very beautiful singer..........................................
9) He works very hard.
He is..................................................a very hard worker......................................................
10)Tom swims very fast.
Tom is................................................a very fast swimmer...............................................

REWITE SENTENSES
I, Rewrite" Although/ Despite / In spite of "and " Because/ Because of"
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.
In spite of...............................................Tom's poverty, he studied very well.......................................................
2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick.
Because of................................................her sickness, Mary could not go to school.....................................................
3) Although the weather was bad , she went to school on time.
Despite .................................................the bad weather, she went to school on time.........................................................
4) My mother told me to go to school although i was sick.
In spite...............................................of my sickness, my mother told me to go to school.............................................................
5) Because there was a big storm . I stayed at home.
Because of....................................................the big storm, I stayed at home...................................................
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
Despite....................................................his bad grades, Tom was admitted to the university.......................................................
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman.
Despite....................................................her physical handicap, she has become a successful woman...........................................................
8) In spite of his god salary ,Tom gave up his job.
Although....................................................he had a good salary, Tom gave up his job.......................................................
9) Though he had not finished the paper , he went to sleep.
In spite of.......................................................not having finished the paper, he went to sleep.......................................................
10) In spite of the high prices , my daughter insists on going to the movies.
Even though.................................................the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies........................................................