tham khảo

Số hạng nào hả bạn? 

Xét khai triển:

\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+C_n^1x+C_n^2x^2+...+C_n^nx^n\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0x+C_n^1x^2+C_n^2x^3+...+C_n^nx^{n+1}\)

Đạo hàm 2 vế:

\(\left(1+x\right)^n+nx\left(1+x\right)^{n-1}=C_n^0+2C_n^1x+3C_n^2x^2+...+\left(n+1\right)C_n^nx^n\)

Thay \(x=1\)

\(\Rightarrow2^n+n.2^{n-1}=1+2C_n^1+3C_n^2+...+\left(n+1\right)C_n^n\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{n-1}\left(2+n\right)-1=111\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{n-1}\left(2+n\right)=112=2^4.7\)

\(\Rightarrow n=5\)

\(\left(x^2+\dfrac{2}{x}\right)^5=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^kx^{2k}.2^{5-k}.x^{k-5}=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^k.2^{5-k}.x^{3k-5}\)

\(3k-5=4\Rightarrow k=3\Rightarrow\) hệ số: \(C_5^3.2^2\)

\(C_2^2+C_3^2+...+C_n^2=C_3^3+C_3^2+C_4^2+...+C_n^2\) (do \(C_2^2=C_3^3=1\))

\(=C_4^3+C_4^2+C_5^2+...+C_n^2=C_5^3+C_5^2+...+C_n^2\)

\(=...=C_n^3+C_n^2=C_{n+1}^3\)

Do đó:

\(2C_{n+1}^3=3A_{n+1}^2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2.\left(n+1\right)!}{3!.\left(n-2\right)!}=\dfrac{3.\left(n+1\right)!}{\left(n-1\right)!}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n-1=9\Rightarrow n=10\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1-x-3x^3\right)^{10}=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}C_{10}^k\left(-x-3x^3\right)^k\)

\(=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}C_{10}^k\left(-1\right)^k\left(x+3x^3\right)^k=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}\sum\limits^k_{i=0}C_{10}^kC_k^i\left(-1\right)^kx^i.3^{k-i}.x^{3\left(k-i\right)}\)

\(=\sum\limits^{10}_{k=0}\sum\limits^k_{i=0}C_{10}^kC_k^i\left(-1\right)^k.3^{k-i}.x^{3k-2i}\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le i\le k\le10\\i;k\in N\\3k-2i=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(i;k\right)=\left(1;2\right);\left(4;4\right)\)

Hệ số: \(C_{10}^2C_2^1\left(-1\right)^2.3^1+C_{10}^4C_4^4.\left(-1\right)^4.3^0=...\)

\(\Rightarrow he-so:\left[{}\begin{matrix}C^9_{10}C^1_9\left(-3\right)^{10-9}\left(-1\right)=270\\C^{10}_{10}C^4_{10}\left(-3\right)^{10-10}.\left(-1\right)^4=210\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(C^n_n+C^{n-1}_n+C^{n-2}_n=37\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-1\right)!}+\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-2\right)!2!}=37\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+n+\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}=37\)

\(\Rightarrow n=8\)

\(P=\left(2+5x\right)\left(1-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^8=\left(2+5x\right).\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^k\right)\)

\(=\left(2+5x\right).\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\)

\(=2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)+5x\)\(\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\)

\(=2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)+5\)\(\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^{k+1}\right)\)

Số hạng chứa \(x^3\) trong \(2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\) là \(2C^3_8.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3x^3\)

Số hạng chứa \(x^3\) trong \(5\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^{k+1}\right)\) là \(5C^2_8.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2x^3\)

Vậy số hạng chứa x³ trong P là:\(\left[2.C^3_8\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+5C^2_8\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]x^3\)

\(\left(x+2\right)^n=C^0_n\cdot x^n+C^1_n\cdot x^{n-1}\cdot2+...+C^n_n\cdot2^n\)(1)

Tổng các hệ số trong khai triển (1) là;

(1+2)^n=3^n

=>3^n=243

=>n=5

\(\left(x^{-\frac{2}{3}}+x^{\frac{3}{4}}\right)^{17}=\sum\limits^{17}_{k=0}C_{17}^k\left(x^{-\frac{2}{3}}\right)^k\left(x^{\frac{3}{4}}\right)^{17-k}=\sum\limits^{17}_{k=0}C_{17}^kx^{\frac{51}{4}-\frac{17}{12}k}\)

Số hạng thứ 13 \(\Rightarrow k=12\) là: \(C_{17}^{12}x^{-\frac{17}{4}}\)

b/ Xét khai triển:

\(\left(3-x\right)^n=C_n^03^n+C_n^13^{n-1}\left(-x\right)^1+C_n^23^{n-2}\left(-x\right)^2+...+C_n^n\left(-x\right)^n\)

Cho \(x=1\) ta được:

\(2^n=3^nC_n^0-3^{n-1}C_n^1+3^{n-2}C_n^2+...+\left(-1\right)^nC_n^n\)

À, đến đây mới thấy đề thiếu, biết rằng cái kia làm sao hả bạn?

Xét khai triển:

\(\left(3-x\right)^n=C_n^0.3^n+C_n^1.3^{n-1}.\left(-x\right)^1+...+C_n^n\left(-x\right)^n\)

Thế \(x=1\) vào ta được:

\(2^n=3^nC_n^0-3^{n-1}C_n^1+...+\left(-1\right)^nC_n^n\)

\(\Rightarrow2^n=2048=2^{11}\Rightarrow n=11\)

Akai Haruma giúp em với

\(S=3C_0^n+\left(4+3\right)C_n^1+\left(4.2+3\right)C_n^2+...+\left(4n+3\right)C_n^n=S_1+S_2\)

Với \(S_1=3\left(C_n^0+C_n^1+...+C_n^n\right)\)

Dễ dàng thấy \(S_1=3.2^n\)

\(S_2=4.C_n^1+4.2C_n^2+...+4.n.C_n^n=4\left(1C_n^1+2C_n^2+...+nC_n^n\right)\)

Nhận thấy tất cả các số hạng \(S_2\) đều có dạng \(k.C_n^k\)

Ta có: \(k.C_n^k=k.\dfrac{n!}{k!\left(n-k\right)!}=\dfrac{n!}{\left(k-1\right)!\left(n-k\right)!}=n.\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)!}{\left(k-1\right)!.\left[\left(n-1\right)-\left(k-1\right)\right]!}=n.C_{n-1}^{k-1}\)

Nên:

\(S_2=4\left(nC_{n-1}^0+nC_{n-1}^1+...+nC_{n-1}^{n-1}\right)=4n.2^{n-1}=2n.2^n\)

Vậy \(S=S_1+S_2=\left(2n+3\right).2^n\)