Bài 14 : 

\(a) n_{CuO} = \dfrac{8}{80} = 0,1(mol)\\ CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O\\ n_{HCl} = 2n_{CuO} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%} = 100(gam)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : } CuCl_2\\ n_{CuCl_2} = n_{CuO} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{CuCl_2} = 0,1.135 = 13,5(gam)\)

Bài 15 : 

\(a) n_{Fe_2O_3} =\dfrac{4,8}{160} = 0,03(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4} = 3n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,09(mol)\\ m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,09.98}{9,8\%} = 90(gam)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : } Fe_2(SO_4)_3\\ n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,03(mol)\\ m_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,03.400 = 12(gam)\)

Bài 16 :

\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\\ b) n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} = 0,4(mol)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\% = 7,3\%\)

a) \(m_{HCl}=200\cdot7,3\%=14,6\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{NaOH}=0,5\cdot1=0,5\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,5\cdot40=20\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\cdot1,5=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=0,3\cdot160=48\left(g\right)\)

d) Bạn xem lại đề !

a) mHCl=200⋅7,3%=14,6(g)mHCl=200⋅7,3%=14,6(g)

b) nNaOH=0,5⋅1=0,5(mol)nNaOH=0,5⋅1=0,5(mol) ⇒mNaOH=0,5⋅40=20(g)⇒mNaOH=0,5⋅40=20(g)

c) nCuSO4=0,2⋅1,5=0,3(mol)nCuSO4=0,2⋅1,5=0,3(mol) ⇒mCuSO4=0,3⋅160=48(g)⇒mCuSO4=0,3⋅160=48(g)

d) Bạn xem lại đề !

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{500.7,3}{100}:36,5=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

 x             2x            x

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

y               6y            2y

Đặt \(n_{MgO}:x\left(mol\right),n_{Al_2O_3}:y\left(mol\right)\)

Có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+6y=1\\40x+102y=18,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{MgCl_2}=x=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{AlCl_3}=2y=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95.100}{18,2+500}=3,67\%\)

\(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5.100}{18,2+500}=5,15\%\)

\(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{25,2}{126}=0,2(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{250.7,3\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,5(mol)\\ PTHH:Na_2SO_3+2HCl\to 2NaCl+H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Na_2SO_3}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên \(HCl\) dư

\(a,n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)

\(b,\) Chất tan trong dd sau phản ứng là \(NaCl\)

\(c,n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,4.58,5=23,4(g)\)

Câu trên mình sai nha

\(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{25,2}{126}=0,2(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{250.7,3\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,5(mol)\\ PTHH:Na_2SO_3+2HCl\to 2NaCl+H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Na_2SO_3}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên \(HCl\) dư

\(a,n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)

\(b,\) Chất tan trong dd sau phản ứng gồm \(HCl\) dư và \(NaCl\)

\(c,n_{HCl(dư)}=0,5-0,2.2=0,1(mol);n_{NaCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{dd sau p/ứ}}=m_{HCl(dư)}+m_{NaCl}=0,1.36,5+0,4.58,5=27,05(g)\)

Na2SO3+2HCl->2NaCl+H2O+SO2

0,201-------0,402------0,402---------------0.201

n Na2SO3=0,201 mol

m HCl=18,25 g

->n HCl=0,5 mol

=>HCl dư

=>VSO2=0,201.22,4=4,5024l

b)

mNaCl=\(\dfrac{0,402.58,5}{25,4+250-0,201.64}\).100=8,95%

m Hcl dư=\(\dfrac{0,098.36,5}{25,4+250-0,201.64}.100=1,36\%\)

\(NaCl + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O\\ n_{HCl} = \dfrac{300.7,3\%}{36,5} = 0,6 > n_{NaOH} = \dfrac{200.4\%}{40} =0,2\to HCl\ dư\\ n_{HCl\ pư} = n_{NaCl} = n_{NaOH} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{HCl\ dư} = 0,6 - 0,2 = 0,4(mol)\\ m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 300 + 200 = 500(gam)\\ C\%_{NaCl} = \dfrac{0,2.58,5}{500}.100\% =2,34\%\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{500}.100\% = 2,92\%\)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H₂O

Ta có:

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{ddHCl}.C\%_{ddHCl}}{100\%}=\dfrac{300.7,3}{100\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{m_{ddNaOH}.C\%_{ddNaOH}}{100\%}=\dfrac{200.4}{100\%}=8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:

\(\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(đề\right)}}{n_{HCl\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}>\dfrac{n_{NaOH\left(đề\right)}}{n_{NaOH\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)

=> HCl dư, NaOH hết, tính theo n_NaOH.

Chất có trong dung dịch sau khi phản ứng kết thúc là HCl dư và NaCl.

Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:

\(n_{HCl\left(phảnứng\right)}=n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=n_{HCl\left(banđầu\right)}-n_{HCl\left(phảnứng\right)}=0,6-0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

a) Từ công thức tính nồng độ phần trăm ta có:

m_HCl=C%.m_ddHCl= 7,3%.300=21,9(g)

m_NaOH=C%.m_ddNaOH=4%.200=8(g)

=> C%=\(\frac{21,9+8}{300+200}.100\%=5,98\%\)

b) Từ công thức tính nồng độ phần trăm ta có

m_CuSO4=C%.m_ddCuSO4=5%.500=25(g)

=> m_H2O=500-25=475(g)

\(a,n_{NaOH}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{NaCl}=\dfrac{300.16}{100}=48\left(g\right)\)

\(c,n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{SO_2}=0,8.96=76,8\left(g\right)\)

Đặt: \(n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right);n_{ZnO}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+81b=14,6\\a=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ b.m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnO}=0,1.81=8,1\left(g\right)\\ d.m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,1\right).2.36,5.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)