Bài 1. Tính chất hóa học của oxit. Khái quát về sự phân loại oxit

Bài 8 : 

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)

Theo Pt : \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=n_{CO2}=n_{BaCO3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a) \(V_{CO2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b) \(m_{BaCO3}=0,2.197=39,4\left(g\right)\)

Điều kiện tiêu chuẩn chứ bạn nhỉ? Đkc sao lại 6,72l đc?

Bài 7 :

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

0,3          0,3                0,3         0,3

\(a,m_{CaCO_3}=0,3.100=30\left(g\right)\)

\(b,C_{M\left(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)

Bài 8 :

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)

0,2         0,2                 0,2          0,2

\(a,V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(b,m_{BaCO_3}=0,2.197=39,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)

Theo Pt : \(n_{CO2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=n_{CaCO3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{CaCO3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)

b) \(C_{MddCa\left(OH\right)2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)

\(2)n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2mol\\ CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,2mol\\ m_3=m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20g\)

\(1)n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\\ 0,05.....0,1.........0,05.......0,05\\ m_1=m_{CaO}=0,05.56=2,8g\\ m_2=m_{CaCl_2}=0,05.111=5,55g\)

\(a)n_{CuO}=\dfrac{1,6}{80}=0,02mol\\ CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

0,02          0,04          0,02         0,02

\(m_{CuCl_2}=0,02.135=2,7g\\ b)C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{100}\cdot100=14,6\%\)

Gọi CTHH của oxide là $RO$

$RO + H_2O \to R(OH)_2$

$m_{R(OH)_2} = 200.8,55\% = 17,1(gam)$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{RO} = n_{R(OH)_2}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{15,3}{R + 16} = \dfrac{17,1}{R + 34}$

$\Rightarrow R = 137(Ba)$

Vậy CT của oxide là $BaO$

\(m_{Ct\left(NaOH\right)}=200\cdot2\%=4g\)

=>\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

0,05                      0,1                     

\(m_{Na_2O}=0.05\cdot\left(23\cdot2+16\right)=3.1\left(g\right)\)

Gọi CTHH cần tìm là XO₂.

PT: \(XO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2XO_3+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{XO_2}=\dfrac{38,4}{M_X+32}\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Na_2XO_3}=400.18,9\%=75,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Na_2XO_3}=\dfrac{75,6}{M_X+94}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{XO_2}=n_{Na_2XO_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{38,4}{M_X+32}=\dfrac{75,6}{M_X+94}\Rightarrow M_A=32\left(g/mol\right)\)

→ X là S

Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là SO₂.

PT: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,2395}{24,79}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

a, Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05.106=5,3\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

a, Theo PT: \(n_{CuCl_2}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2}=0,1.135=13,5\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

\(A.Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ B.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

0,05      0,05           0,05           0,05

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}\cdot100=18,75\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-18,75=81,25\%\\ C.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05.98}{20}\cdot100=24,5g\)

a) Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Theo Pt : \(n_{Mg}=n_{H2SO4}=n_{MgSO4}=n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

b)  \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}.100\%=18,75\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-18,75\%=81,25\%\)

c) \(m_{H2SO4}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{4.100\%}{20\%}=20\left(g\right)\)

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