Lời giải:

Gọi biểu thức cần rút gọn là $P$

Xét tử số: $\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3.1}+1}-\sqrt{3}$

$=\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}-\sqrt{3}=|\sqrt{3}+1|-\sqrt{3}=1$

Xét mẫu số:

Ta dự đoán sẽ rút gọn được $\sqrt[3]{17\sqrt{5}-38}$

Đặt $17\sqrt{5}-38=(a+\sqrt{5})^3$ với $a$ nguyên.
$\Leftrightarrow 17\sqrt{5}-38=a^3+15a+\sqrt{5}(3a^2+5)$

$\Rightarrow 17=3a^2+5$ và $-38=a^3+15a$

$\Rightarrow a=-2$

Vậy $17\sqrt{5}-38=(-2+\sqrt{5})^3$

$\Rightarrow (\sqrt{5}+2)\sqrt[3]{17\sqrt{5}-38}=(\sqrt{5}+2)(-2+\sqrt{5})=1$

Vậy $P=\frac{1}{1}=1$

Ta có

\(\sqrt{123-22\sqrt{2}}=11-\sqrt{2}\)

\(\sqrt[3]{77\sqrt{2}-115}=\sqrt{2}-5\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{123-22\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{77\sqrt{2}-115}=11-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-5=6\)

Ta có: \(B=21\left(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\right)^2-6\left(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)^2-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left[2+\sqrt{3}+3-\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}\right]-6\cdot\left[2-\sqrt{3}+3+\sqrt{5}+2\cdot\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}\right]-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left(5+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{\left(4+2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)}\right)-6\cdot\left[5-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(6+2\sqrt{5}\right)}\right]-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left[5+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\right]-6\cdot\left[5-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\right]-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left(5+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}-1\right)-6\cdot\left(5-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}-1\right)-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)-6\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=84+21\sqrt{15}-24-6\sqrt{15}-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=60\)

Bài 1:

\(A=\sqrt{8}-2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{20}-2\sqrt{5}-2=2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{5}-2=-2\)\(B=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

Bài 2:

\(a,P=\left(\frac{1}{x+\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}\left(x>0\right)\)

\(=\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right]\times\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\times\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\frac{\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)}{\sqrt{x}\cdot\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\frac{1-x}{x}\)

\(b,\forall x>0\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-x}{x}>\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(1-x\right)>x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2-2x>x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-3x>-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x< \frac{2}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow P>\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\forall0< x< \frac{2}{3}\)

Lời giải:
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2004}}\)

Xét số hạng tổng quát: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\) ta có:

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=\frac{2}{2\sqrt{n}}> \frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{2(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})}{(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})}=2(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})\)

Do đó:

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}> 2(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1})\)

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}> 2(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})\)

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}> 2(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})\)

............

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2004}}> 2(\sqrt{2005}-\sqrt{2004})\)

Cộng theo vế:
$A>2(\sqrt{2005}-1)>86$

Vậy..........

\(a,A=\left(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\right)^2\)

\(=6-2\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}\)

\(=2\)

\(b,B=\sqrt{227-30\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{123+22\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(15-\sqrt{2}\right)^2+\left(11+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)

\(=26\)

hơi tắt

a) Ta có: \(P=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a-1}\right):\left(\frac{2}{a}-\frac{2-a}{a\sqrt{a}+a}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}-\frac{2-a}{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{a+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}:\frac{2\sqrt{a}+2-2+a}{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a+2\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\cdot\frac{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{a+2\sqrt{a}}\)

\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)

b)

ĐKXĐ: \(a\notin\left\{1;0\right\}\)

Để P-2 là số dương thì P-2>0

⇔\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{a}-1}-2>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{2\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}>0\)

mà \(a-2\sqrt{a}+2=\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2+1>0\forall a\)

nên \(\sqrt{a}-1>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}>1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a>1\)(tm)

Vậy: Khi a>1 thì P-2 là số dương

A=\((\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)+\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}):\left(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)-\left(2-a\right)}{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(A=\left(\frac{a+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{2\sqrt{a}+2-2+a}{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(A=\frac{a+2\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}.\frac{a\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{a}-a}\)

\(A=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)