`a)PTHH:`

`Mg + H_2 SO_4 -> MgSO_4 + H_2`

`0,2`                                   `0,2`      `0,2`        `(mol)`

`n_[Mg]=[4,8]/24=0,2(mol)`

`b)m_[MgSO_4]=0,2.120=24(g)`

`c)C%_[MgSO_4]=24/[4,8+50-0,2.2].100~~44,12%`

100.\(\approx\)

\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{14.2}{142}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)

\(0.1..........................0.2\)

\(m_{H_3PO_4}=0.2\cdot98=19.6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=14.2+180=194.2\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%H_3PO_4=\dfrac{19.6}{194.2}\cdot100\%=10.09\%\)

a) PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,15\cdot95=14,25\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Mg}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=53,3\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{50}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)  

PTHH: \(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{300\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₃O₄ còn dư, HCl p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0625\cdot232=14,5\left(g\right)\\m_{muối}=0,0375\cdot127+0,075\cdot162,5=16,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

nFe3O4= 23,2/232=0,1(mol); nHCl = (300.3,65%)/36,5= 0,3(mol)

a) PTHH: Fe3O4 + 8 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + FeCl2 + 4 H2O

b) Ta có: 0,3/8 < 0,1/1

=> Fe3O4 dư, HCl hết, tính theo nHCl.

=> nFe3O4(p.ứ)= nFeCl2= nHCl/8=0,3/8= 0,0375(mol)

=> mFe3O4(dư)= (0,1- 0,0375).232=14,5(g)

c) nFeCl3= 2/8. 0,3= 0,075(mol)

=> mFeCl3= 0,075.162,5=12,1875(g)

mFeCl2= 0,0375. 127=4,7625(g)

=>m(muối)= 12,1875+ 4,7625= 16,95(g)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9.75}{65}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.15.....0.3...................0.15\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.3\cdot36.5=10.95\left(g\right)\)

\(nAl=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(nHCl=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

 2         6             2             3    (mol)

0,2       0,6         0,2          0,3      (mol)

LTL : 0,3 / 2 > 0,6/6

=> Al dư sau pứ , HCl đủ vs pứ

\(mAl_{\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)

\(mAlCl_3=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

 1        1           1         1   (mol)

0,3      0,3      0,3      0,3   (mol)

=> \(mCu=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\) 
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\) 
=> Al dư HCl hết 
theo pthh : \(n_{Al\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al\left(d\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\) 

theo pthh : \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\) 
theo pthh : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
pthh: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O+Cu\) 
                     0,3               0,3 
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\)
            

Bài 1.

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

0,1         0,1         0,1          0,1

\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15mol\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

0,15      0,1

\(\Rightarrow CuO\) dư và dư \(\left(0,15-0,1\right)\cdot80=4g\)

Bài 2.

\(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\)

\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

0,1     0,125

\(V_{O_2}=0,125\cdot22,4=2,8l\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3mol\)

\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)

0,3       0,125  0

0,25     0,125  0,25

0,05       0       0,25

\(\Rightarrow ZnO\) dư và dư \(0,05\cdot81=4,05g\)

Bài 1.

a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ ---> FeSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,1                                    0,1

b, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) ⇒ CuO dư, H₂ hết

PTHH: CuO + H₂ ---t^o----> Cu + H₂O

Mol:      0,1     0,1

\(m_{CuOdư}=\left(0,15-0,1\right).80=4\left(g\right)\)

 1)

a) photpho+oxi--->điphotpho pentaoxit

b)M photpho+M oxi---> M điphotpho pentaoxit

3.1 + M oxi--> 7.1

M oxi = 7.1 - 3.1 = 4g

mới làm xong bài 1 bấm xem thêm thấy bất ngờ lun nên thôi ko lm nx hihi

\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{3}{80}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\) 
b) sản phẩm làm QT hóa đỏ vì sp là axit 
\(pthh:SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\) 
          0,0375              0,0375 
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,0375.98=3,675\left(g\right)\) 
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,0375}{0,25}=0,15M\)