\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)

\(2X+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2XO\)

\(\dfrac{13}{X}\)     0,1

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{13}{X}=0,1\cdot2\Rightarrow X=65\)

Vậy X là kẽm Zn.

\(m_{ZnO}=0,2\cdot81=1,62g\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2R + O₂ --to--> 2RO

          0,2   0,.1

=> \(M_R=\dfrac{13}{0,2}=65\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

=> R: Zn

Câu 1:

Giả sử KL là A có hóa trị n.

PT: \(4A+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2A_2O_n\)

Ta có: \(n_A=\dfrac{10,8}{M_A}\left(mol\right)\), \(n_{A_2O_n}=\dfrac{20,4}{2M_A+16n}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_A=2n_{A_2O_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_A}=\dfrac{2.20,4}{2M_A+16n}\Rightarrow M_A=9n\left(g/mol\right)\)

Với = 3 thì M_A = 27 (g/mol) là thỏa mãn.

Vậy: A là Al.

Câu 2:

Giả sử KL cần tìm là A có hóa trị n.

PT: \(4A+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2A_2O_n\)

Ta có: \(n_A=\dfrac{8,4}{M_A}\left(mol\right)\), \(n_{A_2O_n}=\dfrac{16,6}{2M_A+16n}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_A=2n_{A_2O_n}\Rightarrow\dfrac{8,4}{M_A}=\dfrac{2.16,6}{2M_A+16n}\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{336}{41}n\)

→ vô lý

Bạn xem lại đề câu này nhé.

Câu 3: 

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{16,1}{36,5}=\dfrac{161}{365}\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{\dfrac{161}{365}}{6}\), ta được HCl dư.

THeo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=3n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{161}{365}-0,3=\dfrac{103}{730}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{103}{365}.36,5=5,15\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\), \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{30}{80}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,375}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,375-0,15=0,225\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _{chất rắn} = m_Cu + m_{CuO (dư)} = 0,15.64 + 0,225.80 = 27,6 (g)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) 

PTHH : \(2X+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2XO\)

           0,3        0,15         /mol 

Ta có : \(0,3=\dfrac{19,2}{X}\Rightarrow X=64\) => X là Cu

\(m_{CuO}=80.0,3=24\left(g\right)\)

Gọi R là kim loại cần tìm.

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)

   \(2R+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2RO\)

 \(\dfrac{19,2}{R}\)  0,15

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{19,2}{R}=0,15\cdot2\Rightarrow R=64\Rightarrow Cu\)

Khối lượng oxit: \(m_{CuO}=0,3\cdot80=24g\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right) \\ pthh:2A+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2AO\)
          0,3    0,15 
=> \(M_A=\dfrac{19,2}{0,3}=64\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
=> ntu là Cu

\(a.PTHH:2B+O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2BO\left(1\right)\)

b. Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có:

\(m_B+m_{O_2}=m_{BO}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=8-4,8=3,2\left(g\right)\)

c. Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(lít\right)\)

Mà: \(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{5}.V_{kk}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow V_{kk}=2,24.5=11,2\left(lít\right)\)

d. Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_B=2.n_{O_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_B=\dfrac{4,8}{0,2}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

Vậy B là magie (Mg)

\(e.PTHH:2xB+yO_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2B_xO_y\left(2\right)\)

Theo PT₍₂₎: \(n_B=\dfrac{2x}{y}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2x}{y}.0,1=\dfrac{0,2x}{y}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_B=\dfrac{4,8}{\dfrac{0,2x}{y}}=\dfrac{4,8y}{0,2x}=12.\dfrac{2y}{x}\left(mol\right)\)

Biện luận:

Vậy B là kim loại magie (Mg)

Vì thể tích khí oxi chiếm 1/5 thể tích không khí nhé

Bài 1:

PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{3}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được O₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1-\dfrac{1}{15}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}.32\approx1,067\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}.2,24\approx0,746\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}.232\approx7,733\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}.232\approx15,467\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}.22,4\approx2,9867\left(l\right)\)

c, PT: \(2N_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2N_2O_5\)

Ta có: \(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{2,8}{28}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{15}}{5}\), ta được N₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{N_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{75}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{N_2O_5}=\dfrac{4}{75}.108=5,76\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Bài 1 : 

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.6}{56}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{224}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

     \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)

\(Bđ:0.1......0.1\)

\(Pư:0.1.......\dfrac{1}{15}...\dfrac{1}{30}\)

\(Kt:0........\dfrac{1}{30}....\dfrac{1}{30}\)

\(V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot22.4=0.747\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot232=7.73\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2 : 

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)

\(0.2.......0.3.......\dfrac{1}{15}\)

\(V_{O_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232=15.47\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{2.8}{28}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(2N_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2N_2O_5\)

\(0.12......0.3........0.12\)

\(m_{N_2O_5}=0.12\cdot108=12.96\left(g\right)\)

Gọi công thức hóa  học là RO

PTHH : RO + O₂ -> RO

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

=>  (R + 16 ) .0,05 = 4

=> R + 16 = 80

=> R= 80 -16 

=> R= 64 

=> R là Cu

CTHH: R_xO_y

\(n_R=\dfrac{4}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2xR + yO₂ --t^o--> 2R_xO_y

_____\(\dfrac{4}{M_R}\) ->\(\dfrac{2y}{x.M_R}\)

=> \(\dfrac{2y}{x.M_R}=0,05=>M_R=20.\dfrac{2y}{x}\left(mol\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=1=>L\)

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=2=>M_R=40\left(Ca\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=3=>L\)

Đáp án B

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0.896}{22.4}=0.04\left(mol\right)\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)

\(0.06......0.04.......0.02\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.06\cdot56=3.36\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.02\cdot232=4.64\left(g\right)\)

3Fe+2O₂-to>Fe₃O₄

0,06----0,04-----0,02 mol

n _O2=\(\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}\)=0,04 mol

=>m _Fe=0,06.56=3,36g

=>m _Fe3O4=0,02.232=4,64g

a. -PTHH xảy ra: 3Fe+2O₂→Fe₃O₄.

-n_O2=\(\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\)(mol) (bonus: ở trường mình là dùng 24,79 nhé:)

- Theo PTHH ta có:

3.n_Fe=2.n_O2=n_Fe3O4=0,04 (mol)

=>n_Fe=\(\dfrac{0,04}{3}=\dfrac{1}{75}\)(mol)

=>m_Fe=M.n=56.\(\dfrac{1}{75}\)=0,75(g).

b. n_Fe3O4=0,04 (mol)

=>m_Fe3O4=M.n=232.0,04=9,23(g)

a) $4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$

b) $n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)$
$n_{Al\ pư} = \dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{Al\ pư} = 0,4.27 = 10,8(gam)$

c) 

Cách 1 : 

$m_{Al_2O_3} = m_{Al} + m_{O_2} = 10,8 + 0,3.32 = 20,4(gam)$

Cách 2 : 

Theo PTHH, $n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al\ pư} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,2.102 = 20,4(gam)$