Câu 3:

c, Từ phần trên, có n_H2 = n_Fe = 0,1 (mol)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\), ta được Fe₂O₃ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`

            0,1-->0,2----->0,1------>0,1

`=> m_{FeCl_2} = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (g)`

b) `V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)`

c) `n_{Fe_2O_3} = (16)/(160) = 0,1 (mol)`

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(0,1>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\Rightarrow\) Fe₂O₃

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=n.M=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\)

=> sau pư, H₂ hết và Fe₂O₃ dư

=> theo \(n_{H_2}\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,1=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Fe}=n.M=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=\dfrac{56}{15}\left(g\right)\)

Mình thay trên câu a luôn nhé.

5. Số mol của Fe là :

n_Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 (mol)

a) Ta có PTHH :

Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl₂ + H₂\(\uparrow\)

1 mol 2 mol 1 mol 1 mol

0,1 mol 0,2 mol 0,1 mol 0,1 mol

Số mol của Fe là :

n_Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 (mol)

b) Khối lượng của FeCl₂ tạo thành sau p.ứng là :

m_FeCl2 = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (g)

c) Thể tích khí Hiđro (đktc) tạo thành sau p.ứng là :

V_H2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)

4. Công thức của B là : Na_xC_yO_z

+ \(m_{Na}=\frac{106.43,6}{100}\approx46\left(g\right)\)

\(m_C=\frac{106.11,3}{100}\approx12\left(g\right)\)

\(m_O=\frac{106.45,3}{100}\approx48\left(g\right)\)

+ \(n_{Na}=\frac{46}{23}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_C=\frac{12}{12}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_O=\frac{48}{16}=3\left(mol\right)\)

Suy ra trong một p.tử h/c có 2 n.tử Na, 1 n.tử C và 3 n.tử O.

\(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của hợp chất B là Na₂CO₃.

câu c tự làm

\(a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\rightarrow^{t^0}2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.6}{56}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10.95}{36.5}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Lập tỉ lệ : 

\(\dfrac{0.2}{1}>\dfrac{0.3}{2}\Rightarrow Fedư\)

Khi đó : 

\(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0.3=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.15\cdot127=19.05\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\\ \Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

Ta có:n_Fe= 5,6/56=0,1(mol)

n_HCl=10,95/36,5=0,3(mol)

PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl₂ + H₂

Ta có: 0,3/2 > 0,1/1

=> HCl dư, Fe hết, tính theo n_Fe

-> n_H2=n_FeCl2=n_Fe=0,1(mol)

=> V_H2(đktc)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)

m_FeCl2=0,1.127=12,7(g)

\(a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\b.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ c.n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right) \)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

0,1      0,2            0,1      0,1

\(a,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(b,V_{HCl}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)

\(c,m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)

Tên gọi : Sắt (II) Clorua

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0.8.36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,4.127=50,8\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2+0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ a,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6}{2}.n_{Al}+2.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6}{2}.0,2+2.0,3=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dư,O_2hết\\ n_{H_2O}=2.n_{O_2}=2.0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,5.18=9\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)\\ a,Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4(g)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.2....................0.2........0.2\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.2\cdot127=25.4\left(g\right)\)