mình nhầm mẫu nhé :v mình làm lại 

\(=\left(\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}-2x+4\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}\right):\dfrac{2-\sqrt{x}}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x+3\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{2-\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

Đề sai rồi bạn

Lời giải:

1. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{-5+\sqrt{21}}{2}$

PT $\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+1=x+1$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x+4)=0$

$\Rightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x=-4$

Kết hợp đkxđ suy ra $x=0$

2. ĐKXĐ: $x\leq 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+4=2-x$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x+2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+1)(x+2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x+1=0$ hoặc $x+2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=-2$
3.

ĐKXĐ: $-2\leq x\leq 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x+4}=\sqrt{2-x}$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x+4=2-x$

$\Leftrightarrow 3x=-2$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}$ (tm)

a. ĐKXĐ \(x\ge2\)

\(\sqrt{x+3}-3+\sqrt{x-2}-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-6}{\sqrt{x+3}+3}+\dfrac{x-6}{\sqrt{x-2}+2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-2}+2}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-6=0\Leftrightarrow x=6\)

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-x\ge0\\x^2-x-1=\left(1-x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x^2-x-1=x^2-2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x=2\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Pt vô nghiệm 

\(a.\sqrt{x+3}=5-\sqrt{x-2}\)

\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-2}=5\)

\(\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=5^2\)

\(x+3+x-2=25\)

\(2x+1=25\)

\(x=12\)

\(b.\sqrt{x^2-x-1}=1-x\)

\(\sqrt{\left(x^2-x-1\right)^2}=\left(1-x\right)^2\)

\(x^2-x-1=1-2x+x^2\)

\(x^2-x-1-1+2x-x^2=0\)

\(x-2=0\)

\(x=2\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0,x\ne1\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt{x}=x-2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt{x}=x-\sqrt{x}-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-x=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0=-2\) (vô lý)

⇒ Phương trình vô nghiệm

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-2=x-\sqrt{x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2=0\) (sai)

\(đk:x\ge0;x\ne1\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ \Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\\ \Rightarrow x-2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2=x-\sqrt{x}\\ \Rightarrow-\sqrt{x}-2+\sqrt{x}=0\\ \Rightarrow-2=0\left(voli\right)\)

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}-3\right)^2}=2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x+1}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x+1}-3\right|=\left|2\sqrt{x+1}-2\right|\)

Áp dụng BĐT trị tuyệt đối:

\(\left|\sqrt{x+1}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x+1}-3\right|\ge\left|\sqrt{x+1}+1+\sqrt{x+1}-3\right|=\left|2\sqrt{x+1}-2\right|\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}-3\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}-3\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1\ge9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge8\)

ĐK : \(-1\le x\le1\)

+ Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\sqrt{x+1}\ge0\\b=\sqrt{1-x}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) thì pt đã cho trở thành :

\(a+2a^2=-b^2+b+3ab\)

\(\Rightarrow a+2a^2+b^2-b-3ab=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(2a-b+1\right)-b\left(2a-b+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\2a=b-1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{1-x}\\2\sqrt{x+1}+1=\sqrt{1-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

+ TH1 : \(\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{1-x}\Leftrightarrow x+1=1-x\Leftrightarrow x=0\) ( TM )

+ TH2 : \(2\sqrt{x+1}+1=\sqrt{1-x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x+5+4\sqrt{x+1}=1-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x+1}=-5x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5x-4\ge0\\16\left(x+1\right)=\left(-5x-4\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le-\frac{4}{5}\\16x+16=25x^2+40x+16\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-1\le x\le-\frac{4}{5}\\25x^2+24x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-1\le x\le-\frac{4}{5}\\x\left(25x+24\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-1\le x\le-\frac{4}{5}\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(KTM\right)\\x=-\frac{24}{25}\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)