(Sửa \(cn-bm\rightarrow cn-dm\))

Ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ad-bc=1\\cn-dm=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ad=1+bc\\cn=1+dm\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{d}{c}=\dfrac{ad}{bc}=\dfrac{1+bc}{bc}=1+\dfrac{1}{bc}>1\left(bc>0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{b}>y=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)

\(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{c}{d}.\dfrac{n}{m}=\dfrac{cn}{dm}=\dfrac{1+dm}{dm}=1+\dfrac{1}{dm}>1\left(dc>0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{c}{d}>z=\dfrac{m}{n}\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow x>y>z\)

Ta có: \(x+y=z\Rightarrow x=z-y\)

\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2y^2+y^2z^2+x^2z^2}{x^2y^2z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(z-y\right)^2y^2+y^2z^2+\left(z-y\right)^2z^2}{x^2y^2z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{y^4+y^2z^2-2y^3z+y^2z^2+z^4+y^2z^2-2yz^3}{x^2y^2z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(y^4+2y^2z^2+z^4\right)-2yz\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y^2z^2}{x^2y^2z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(y^2+z^2\right)^2-2yz\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y^2z^2}{x^2y^2z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(y^2+z^2-yz\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2}}=\left|\dfrac{y^2+z^2-yz}{xyz}\right|\)

Là một số hữu tỉ do x,y,z là số hữu tỉ

Đề bài sai

Ví dụ: với \(a=1;b=2;c=3,d=4\) thì \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; \(y=\dfrac{3}{4}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Khi đó  \(x< y\) nhưng \(z< y\)

\(\text{Vì }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\text{ nên }ad< bc\left(1\right)\)

\(\text{Xét tích}:a\left(b+d\right)=ab+ad\left(2\right)\)

                \(b\left(a+c\right)=ba+bc\left(3\right)\)

\(\text{Từ(1);(2);(3)}\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\text{ do đó }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(4\right)\)

\(\text{Tương tự ta có:}\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\left(5\right)\)

\(\text{Từ (4);(5) ta được }\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow x< y< z\)

Bài 1: 

Ta có: \(3x=2y\)

nên \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}\)

mà x+y=-15

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{x+y}{2+3}=\dfrac{-15}{5}=-3\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}=-3\\\dfrac{y}{3}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-6\\y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: (x,y)=(-6;-9)

Bài 2: 

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)

mà x+y-z=20

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{4+3-5}=\dfrac{20}{2}=10\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{4}=10\\\dfrac{y}{3}=10\\\dfrac{z}{5}=10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=40\\y=30\\z=50\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: (x,y,z)=(40;30;50)

Bài 2: 

b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)

nên \(\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{28}\)

mà \(\dfrac{x}{11}=\dfrac{y}{12}\)

nên \(\dfrac{x}{11}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{28}\)

hay \(\dfrac{2x}{22}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{28}\)

mà 2x-y+z=152

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{2x}{22}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{28}=\dfrac{2x-y+z}{22-12+28}=\dfrac{152}{38}=4\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{11}=4\\\dfrac{y}{12}=4\\\dfrac{z}{28}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=44\\y=48\\z=112\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: (x,y,z)=(44;48;112)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}:\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{y^4}}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}:\dfrac{x}{y^2}\)

=x

b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{27\left(x-1\right)^2}{12}}+\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{\dfrac{50x^2}{8\left(x-2\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{4}}\cdot\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(x-2\right)\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{4}}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)^2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\left(x-1\right)+\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(x-2\right)\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{x}{2-x}\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{5}{2}\left(x-2\right)\cdot\dfrac{-x}{x-2}\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\left(x\right)\)

=4x

Lời giải:

Giả sử $x>0; y< 0$. Khi đó:

\((xy-x^2)\sqrt{\frac{-y}{x}}=(y-x)x\sqrt{\frac{-y}{x}}=(y-x)\sqrt{-xy}\)

\((xy-y^2)\sqrt{\frac{-x}{y}}=(x-y)y\sqrt{\frac{-x}{y}}=(y-x)(-y)\sqrt{\frac{-x}{y}}=(y-x)\sqrt{(-y)^2.\frac{-x}{y}}=(y-x)\sqrt{-xy}\)

\(\Rightarrow (xy-x^2)\sqrt{\frac{-y}{x}}=(xy-y^2)\sqrt{\frac{-x}{y}}\Rightarrow \frac{xy-x^2}{\sqrt{\frac{-x}{y}}}=\frac{xy-y^2}{\sqrt{\frac{-y}{x}}}\) (đpcm)