Câu 1: 

a) Ư(-12)={1;-1;2;-2;3;-3;4;-4;6;-6;12;-12}

b) B(-4)={0;-4;-8;4;8;...}

Câu 2: 

a) Ta có: \(x-15=11-\left(-32\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-15=11+32\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=43+15=58\)

Vậy: x=58

b) Ta có: \(13-\left(5-x\right)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow13-5+x=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+8=7\)

hay x=-1

Vậy: x=-1

c) Ta có: \(x-\dfrac{3}{5}=5.12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-0.6=5.12\)

hay x=5,72

Vậy: x=5,72

d) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+1}{-2}=\dfrac{-8}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=\left(-2\right)\cdot\left(-8\right)=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=4\\x+1=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(x\in\left\{3;-5\right\}\)

a,Ư(-12)={1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,6,-6,12,-12}

b,5 bội của 4 là:0,5,10,-10,-5

Bài 2: 

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x-7=36\)

hay x=43

` 8/23 . 46/24 =1/3 .x`

`=>8/23 . 23/12 =1/3 . x`

`=> 1/3 . x=2/3`

`=>x=2/3 : 1/3`

`=>x=2/3 . 3`

`=> x= 6/3`

`=>x=2`

`----`

`1/5 : x= 1/5-1/7`

`=>1/5 : x=  7/35 - 5/35`

`=> 1/5 :x= 2/35`

`=>x= 1/5 : 2/35`

`=>x=1/5 . 35/2`

`=>x=7/2`

`----`

`4/9 - (x-1/2)^2 =1/3`

`=> (x-1/2)^2 =4/9-1/3`

`=> (x-1/2)^2 =4/9- 3/9`

`=> (x-1/2)^2 =1/9`

`=> (x-1/2)^2 = (+- 1/3)^2`

`@ TH1`

`x-1/2=1/3`

`=>x=1/3+1/2`

`=>x= 2/6 + 3/6`

``=>x= 5/6`

`@ TH2`

`x-1/2=-1/3`

`=>x=-1/3 +1/2`

`=>x= -2/6 + 3/6`

`=>x=1/6`

`----`

`3,2 . x-(4/5+2/3) : 3 2/3 = 7/10`

`=> 3,2 . x-22/15 : 11/3 = 7/10`

`=>  3,2 . x-22/15 = 7/10 . 11/3`

`=>  3,2 . x-22/15 =77/30`

`=> 3,2 .x= 77/30 + 22/15`

`=> 3,2 .x=121/30`

`=>x= 121/30. 5/16`

`=>x= 121/96`

a (x + 2) - x(x + 3) = 2

x + 2 - x(x + 3) - 2 = 0

x + x(x + 3) = 0

x(1 + x + 3) = 0

x(x + 4) = 0

x = 0 hoặc x + 4 = 0

*) x + 4 = 0

x = -4

Vậy x = -4; x = 0

b) (x + 2)(x - 2) - (x + 1)² = 7

x² - 4 - x² - 2x - 1 = 7

-2x - 5 = 7

-2x = 7 + 5

-2x = 12

x = 12 : (-2)

x = -6

c) 6x² - (2x + 1)(3x - 2) = 1

6x² - 6x² + 4x - 3x + 2 = 1

x + 2 = 1

x = 1 - 2

x = -1

d) (x + 2)(x + 3) - (x - 2)(x + 1) = 2

x² + 3x + 2x + 6 - x² - x + 2x + 2 = 2

6x + 8 = 2

6x = 2 - 8

6x = -6

x = -6 : 6

x = -1

e) 6(x - 1)(x + 1) - (2x - 1)(3x + 2) + 3 = 0

6x² - 6 - 6x² - 4x + 3x + 2 + 3 = 0

-x - 1 = 0

x = -1

a) Ta có: \(6x\left(x-5\right)+3x\left(7-2x\right)=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-30x+21x-6x^2=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x=18\)

hay x=-2

Vậy: S={-2}

b) Ta có: \(2x\left(3x+1\right)+\left(4-2x\right)\cdot3x=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2+2x+12x-6x^2=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow14x=7\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

c) Ta có: \(0.5x\left(0.4-4x\right)+\left(2x+5\right)\cdot x=-6.5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0.2x-2x^2+2x^2+5x=-6.5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5.2x=-6.5\)

hay \(x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{5}{4}\right\}\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+6-\left(x^2+3x-10\right)=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+6-x^2-3x+10=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+16=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-10\)

hay x=-5

Vậy: S={-5}

e) Ta có: \(3\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)-\left(2x-3\right)\left(9x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(6x^2-5x+1\right)-\left(18x^2-29x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow18x^2-15x+3-18x^2+29x-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow14x=0\)

hay x=0

Vậy: S={0}

\(a,x+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{5}\)

\(x=\dfrac{5}{10}-\dfrac{4}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=....\)

\(a,x+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{5-4}{10}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(b,x-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{1}{7}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{5+14}{35}=\dfrac{19}{35}\)

\(c,x\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{9}{20}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{20}:\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{9}{20}\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}=\dfrac{3\cdot1}{5\cdot1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

\(d,x:\dfrac{1}{7}=14\\ \Rightarrow x=14\cdot\dfrac{1}{7}=\dfrac{14}{7}=2\)

\(e,\dfrac{2}{3}-x=\dfrac{1}{5}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{10-3}{15}=\dfrac{7}{15}\)

\(f,\dfrac{4}{15}:x=\dfrac{12}{25}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{15}:\dfrac{12}{25}=\dfrac{4}{15}\cdot\dfrac{25}{12}=\dfrac{1\cdot5}{3\cdot3}=\dfrac{5}{9}\)

a, \(x+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{5}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{10}-\dfrac{4}{10}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

b) \(x-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{1}{7}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{2}{5}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{35}+\dfrac{14}{35}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{19}{35}\)

c) \(x\times\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{9}{20}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{20}:\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{20}\times\dfrac{4}{3}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{36}{60}\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Lời giải:

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0; x\neq 1$

a)

\(A=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}:\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(x+1)}\right]\)

\(=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}:\frac{x+1-2\sqrt{x}}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(x+1)}=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}.\frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)(x+1)}{(\sqrt{x}-1)^2}=\frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b) 

\(A=7\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x}+1=7(\sqrt{x}-1)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-6\sqrt{x}+8=0\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}-4)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=4\\ x=16\end{matrix}\right.\) (đều thỏa mãn)

c) 

\(x=2(2+\sqrt{3})=4+2\sqrt{3}=3+1+2\sqrt{3.1}=(\sqrt{3}+1)^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}=\sqrt{3}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{4+2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}+1+1}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{6+3\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}=3+2\sqrt{3}\)

d)

\(A< 1\Leftrightarrow \frac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-1<0\Leftrightarrow \frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}<0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(\sqrt{x}-1)^2+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}<0\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}-1< 0\Leftrightarrow 0\leq x< 1\)

`a)5/8x+2/5=1/5`

`=>5/8x=1/5-2/5`

`=>5/8x=-1/5`

`=>x=-1/5:5/8=-8/25`

`b)5/7:x+11/7=18/7`

`=>5/7:x=18/7-11/7`

`=>5/7:x=1`

`=>x=5/7`

`c)(-1,2).(-3/24)+(0,4-1 4/15):1 2/3`

`=(-6/5).(-1/8)+(2/5-19/15):5/3`

`=3/20+(-13/15)*3/5`

`=3/20-13/25=-37/100`

a)5/8.x+2/5=1/5

5/8.x=1/5 - 2/5

5/8.x=-1/5

x=(-1/5):5/8

x=(-1/5).8/5

x=-8/25.      Vậy x=-8/25

b)5/7:x +11/7=18/7

5/7:x=1

x=5/7:1

x=5/7.      Vậy x=5/7

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}x+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{-1}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{5}:\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{-1}{5}\cdot\dfrac{8}{5}=\dfrac{-8}{25}\)

b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{5}{7}:x+\dfrac{11}{7}=\dfrac{18}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{7}:x=1\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{5}{7}\)

Giải:

a) \(\dfrac{-5}{8}=\dfrac{x}{16}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{16.-5}{8}=-10\) 

\(\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2}{6}\) 

\(\Rightarrow3x=\dfrac{2.9}{6}=3\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=1\)

b) \(\dfrac{x+3}{15}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)  

\(\Rightarrow x+3=\dfrac{1.15}{3}=5\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=2\)

\(\dfrac{6}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2}{7}\) 

\(\Rightarrow2x+1=\dfrac{6.7}{2}=21\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=10\)

c) \(\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x-6=\dfrac{18.4}{-12}=-6\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{-12.24}{18}=-16\) 

 \(\dfrac{3-x}{-12}=\dfrac{16}{y+1}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3-x}{-12}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\) 

\(\Rightarrow3-x=\dfrac{192.-12}{-72}=32\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=-29\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{16}{y+1}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y+1=\dfrac{16.-72}{192}=-6\) 

d) \(\dfrac{-2}{3}< \dfrac{x}{5}< \dfrac{-1}{6}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-20}{30}< \dfrac{6x}{30}< \dfrac{-5}{30}\) 

\(\Rightarrow6x\in\left\{-18;-12;-6\right\}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-3;-2;-1\right\}\) 

\(\dfrac{-1}{5}\le\dfrac{x}{8}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-8}{40}\le\dfrac{5x}{40}\le\dfrac{10}{40}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x\in\left\{-5;0;5;10\right\}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0;1;2\right\}\) 

e) \(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x\dfrac{2}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x+\dfrac{2}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+46}{20}=\dfrac{5x+2}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5.\left(x+46\right)=20.\left(5x+2\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x+230=100x+40\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x-100x=40-230\) 

\(\Rightarrow-95x=-190\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=-190:-95\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=2\) 

\(y\dfrac{5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y+\dfrac{5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y^2+5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y^2+5=86\) 

\(\Rightarrow y^2=86-5\) 

\(\Rightarrow y^2=81\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=9\\y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Chúc bạn học tốt!