\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

a, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=33,6\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)

a) số mol của 10,8 gam Al:

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

 tỉ lệ      4    :    3     :  2 

          0,4 ->   0,3    :  0,2

Thể tích của 0,3 mol \(O_2\) :

\(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

Khối lượng của 0,2 mol \(Al_2O_3\) :

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tách ra từng câu nhé!

Bài 3.

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{36}{56}=0,6428mol\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)

0,6428 ----- 0,4285           ( mol )

\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

0,857                                                      0,4285    ( mol )

\(m_{KMnO_4}=n_{KMnO_4}.M_{KMnO_4}=0,857.158=135,406g\)

Bài 4.

a.\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{m_{Al_2O_3}}{M_{Al_2O_3}}=\dfrac{51}{102}=0,5mol\)

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)

  1       0,75            0,5     ( mol )

\(m_{Al}=n_{Al}.M_{Al}=1.27=27g\)

\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,75.22,4=16,8l\)

b.\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

       1,5                                                      0,75   ( mol )

\(m_{KMnO_4}=n_{KMnO_4}.M_{KMnO_4}=1,5.158=237g\)

\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\)

  0,5                                0,75   ( mol )

\(m_{KClO_3}=n_{KClO_3}.M_{KClO_3}=0,5.122,5=61,25g\)

Bài 5.

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{14,4}{24}=0,6mol\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)

\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\)

0,6 <   0,2                         ( mol )

0,4      0,2               0,2      ( mol )

\(m_{MgO}=n_{MgO}.M_{MgO}=0,2.40=8g\)

Bài 6.

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{m_{Cu}}{M_{Cu}}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2mol\)

\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)

 0,2     0,1            0,2  ( mol )

\(V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=\left(0,1.22,4\right).5=2,24.5=11,2l\)

\(m_{CuO}=n_{CuO}.M_{CuO}=0,2.80=16g\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10.8}{27}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)

\(0.4......0.3..........0.2\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.2\cdot102=20.4\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{O_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

_____0,4____0,3___0,2 (mol)

b, \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)

c, \(V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(\)1.

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)

\(0.8........0.6..........0.4\)

\(m_{Al}=0.8\cdot27=21.6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.4\cdot102=40.8\left(g\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(1.2..................................................0.6\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=1.2\cdot158=189.6\left(g\right)\)

2.

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{28}{22.4}=1.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2P_2O_5\)

\(1......1.25........0.5\)

\(m_P=1\cdot31=31\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{P_2O_5}=0.5\cdot142=71\left(g\right)\)

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2KCl+3O_2\)

\(\dfrac{5}{6}................1.25\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot122.5=102.083\left(g\right)\)

3)

$m_{CaCO_3} = 200.90\% = 180(gam)$
$CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2$
$n_{CO_2} = n_{CaO} = \dfrac{180}{100} =  = 1,8(mol)$
$m_{CaO} = 1,8.56 = 100,8(gam)$
$V_{CO_2} = 1,8.22,4 = 40,32(lít)$

4)

$CaC_2 + 2H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2 + C_2H_2$
$m_{CaC_2} = 80.80\% = 64(gam)$
$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = n_{C_2H_2} = n_{CaC_2} = \dfrac{64}{64} = 1(mol)$
$m_{Ca(OH)_2} = 1,74 = 74(gam)$
$V_{C_2H_2} = 1.22,4 = 22,4(lít)$

nO₂ = \(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

pt: \(2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

Theo pt: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,6mol\)

=> nKMnO₄ thực tế = 0,6:\(\dfrac{90}{100}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(mol\right)\)

mKMnO₄ = \(\dfrac{2}{3}.158=\dfrac{316}{3}g\)

a) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

           0,4<--0,3<---------0,2

=> m_Al = 0,4.27 = 10,8(g)

b) C1: V_O2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)

C2: Theo ĐLBTKL: m_O2 = 20,4 - 10,8 = 9,6(g)

=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)=>V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c) V_kk = 6,72 : 20% = 33,6(l)

Bài 3:

Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

_____0,2____0,6____0,4 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 4:

a, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,35}{5}\), ta được O₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,35-0,25=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

Lần sau bạn nên chia nhỏ câu hỏi ra nhé.

Bài 1:

a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,4.158=63,2\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

_____0,1___________0,1_____0,15 (mol)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,15.80=12\left(g\right)\)

nAl=16,2/27= 0,6(mol)

a) PTHH: 4 Al +3 O2 -to-> 2 Al2O3

nO2= 3/4 . nAl=3/4 . 0,6= 0,45(mol)

=> V(O2,đktc)=0,45 x 22,4=10,08(l)

b) nAl2O3= nAl/2=0,6/2=0,3(mol)

=>mAl2O3=102. 0,3= 30,6(g)

c) 2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

nKMnO4= 2.nO2=2. 0,45=0,9(mol)

=>mKMnO4= 158 x 0,9= 142,2(g)

a) \(4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\)

b)

\(n_{Al} = \dfrac{21,6}{27} = 0,8(mol)\)

Theo PTHH :

\(n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,4.102 = 40,8(gam)\)

c)

\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)\\ \Rightarrow V_{không\ khí} = 5V_{O_2} = 13,44.5 = 67,2(lít)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{21.6}{27}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)

\(0.8......0.6........0.4\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.4\cdot102=40.8\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.6\cdot22.4=67.2\left(l\right)\)

Đốt cháy 10,8g nhôm trong bình chứa oxi.

a,viết phương trình hoá học của phản ứng. 

b,tính thể tích khí oxi cần dùng (ở đktc)

c,tính khối lượng KMnO4 cần dùng để điều chế lượng oxi nói trên