\(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}+n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1mol\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{20\%}\cdot100\%=49g\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{1,14}=42,98ml\)

b,\(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,2         0,4  

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)

c,\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{16,2}{81}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: ZnO + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      0,2         0,2

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)\)

d,\(n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: H₂SO₄ + 2KOH → K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Mol:     0,2           0,4

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

0,2------->0,1--------->0,1

Xét \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,45}{1}\Rightarrow\) \(H_2SO_4\)dư

Trong dung dịch D có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45-0,1=0,35\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,5}=0,7M\\CM_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)

b

\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+2H_2O\)

0,35<---------0,35

\(V_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,35.74}{1,2}=\dfrac{259}{12}\approx21,58\left(ml\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd.Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{259}{12}.100\%}{10\%}=\dfrac{1295}{6}\approx215,83\left(ml\right)\)

gọi số mol của NaOH = x , Ba(OH)2 = y . số mol OH- = x + 2y

pt : H+ + OH- → H2O 

nH+ =2. 0,035. 2=0,14 mol = x+ 2y 

khối lượng kết tủa = m_SO42-  + m_Ba2+ = 96.0.07 + 137.y= 9,32 =>y=0,02 => x= 0,1

nồng độ tự tính.

Bài 13 : 

\(a)n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{9,6}{160} = 0,06(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{HCl} = 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,36(mol)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,36.36,5}{150}.100\% = 8,76\%\\ \Rightarrow X = 8,76 b) n_{FeCl_3} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,12(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_3} = 0,12.162,5 =19,5(gam)\)

Bài 11 : 

\(a) n_{NaOH} = 0,2.1,5 = 0,3(mol)\\ 2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{0,15}{0,12}= 1,25(M)\\ b) n_{Na_2SO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,15(mol)\\ m_{Na_2SO_4} = 0,15.142 = 21,3(gam)\)

Bài 12 : 

\(a)n_{Al} = \dfrac{16,2}{27} = 0,6(mol)\\ 2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,9(mol)\\ \Rightarrow X = \dfrac{0,9}{0,2} =4,5(M)\\ b) V_{H_2} = 0,9.22,4 = 20,16(lít)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

Theo PT:  \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)

b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)

c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)