b/ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(1\right)\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)

=> \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{c+d+b}\right)^3\) (2)Từ (1) và (2)=>đpcm

2:

a: Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+3+4}=\dfrac{24}{9}=\dfrac{8}{3}\)

=>x=16/3; y=8; z=32/3

A=3x+2y-6z

=3*16/3+2*8-6*32/3

=16+16-64

=-32

b: Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{5-6+7}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{2}}{6}=\sqrt{2}\)

=>x=5căn 2; y=6căn 2; y=7căn 2

B=xy-yz

=y(x-z)

=6căn 2(5căn 2-7căn 2)

=-6căn 2*2căn 2

=-24

bài 1 a)áp dụng dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3+4+5}\)=\(\dfrac{24}{12}\)=2

a=2.3=6 ; b=2.4=8 ;c=2.5=10

M=ab+bc+ac=6.8+8.10+6.10=48+80+60=188

"nhưng bài còn lại làm tương tự"

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{3+x}{7+y}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3}{3}=\dfrac{y+7}{7}\)

mà x+y=20

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x+3}{3}=\dfrac{y+7}{7}=\dfrac{x+y+3+7}{3+7}=\dfrac{20+10}{10}=3\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+3}{10}=3\\\dfrac{y+7}{7}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3=30\\y+7=21\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=27\\y=14\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: x=27; y=14

Bài 1:

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+c}{c}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{dk}=\dfrac{\left(b+d\right)k}{dk}=\dfrac{b+d}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{b+d}=\dfrac{k\left(b+d\right)}{b+d}=k\) (1)

\(\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}=\dfrac{bk-dk}{b-d}=\dfrac{k\left(b-d\right)}{b-d}=k\) (2)

Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

c, Ta có: \(\dfrac{a-c}{a}=\dfrac{bk-dk}{bk}=\dfrac{k\left(b-d\right)}{bk}=\dfrac{b-d}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

d, Ta có: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{2a-7b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{2bk-7b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(2k-7\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{2k-7}\)(1)

\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{2c-7d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{2dk-7d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(2k-7\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{2k-7}\) (2)

Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

e, Sai đề

f, \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^{2012}=\left(\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^{2012}=\left[\dfrac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}\right]^{2012}=\dfrac{b^{2012}}{d^{2012}}\)(1)

\(\dfrac{a^{2012}+b^{2012}}{c^{2012}+d^{2012}}=\dfrac{b^{2012}k^{2012}+b^{2012}}{d^{2012}k^{2012}+d^{2012}}=\dfrac{b^{2012}\left(k^{2012}+1\right)}{d^{2012}\left(k^{2012}+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^{2012}}{d^{2012}}\) (2)

Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

Bài 2:

a, \(\dfrac{3}{x-4}=\dfrac{x+4}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)=9\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-16=9\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2=25\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\pm5\)

Vậy \(x=\pm5\)

b, \(\dfrac{x+2}{2}=\dfrac{1}{1-x}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(1-x\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow x-x^2+2-2x=2\)

\(\Rightarrow-x-x^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x\left(-1-x\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\-1-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy x = 0 hoặc x = -1

c, \(\dfrac{x+7}{x+4}=\dfrac{x-1}{x-2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+7\right)\left(x-2\right)=\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+7x-14=x^2-x+4x-4\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+5x-14=x^2+3x-4\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=10\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5\)

Vậy x = 5

Bài 3:

\(\dfrac{3x-y}{x+y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow12x-4y=3x+3y\)

\(\Rightarrow9x=7y\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{9}\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{9}\)

3. 3x-y/x+y=3/4

<=> 4(3x-y)=3(x+y)

<=> 12x-4y-3x-3y=0

<=> 9x=7y

<=> x/y=7/9

Bài 1:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)

Khi đó: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\frac{b(2k+5)}{b(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\\ \frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\frac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\frac{d(2k+5)}{d(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Bài 2:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)

Khi đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)

\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(bk)^2+b^2}{(dk)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2(k^2+1)}{d^2(k^2+1)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)

Do đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}(=\frac{b^2}{d^2})\) . Ta có đpcm.

Bài 3:

a) Sửa điều kiện: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\neq -1\)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)

Theo đkđb thì \(k\neq -1\) nên \(k^3+1\neq 0\); \(k+1\neq 0\)

Ta có: \(\frac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\frac{(bk)^3+b^3}{(dk)^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3(k^3+1)}{d^3(k^3+1)}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\)

\(\frac{(a+b)^3}{(c+d)^3}=\frac{(bk+b)^3}{(dk+d)^3}=\frac{b^3(k+1)^3}{d^3(k+1)^3}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\frac{(a+b)^3}{(c+d)^3}\) (đpcm)

b)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=k; \frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dt\)

Ta cần cm \(k=t\)

Khi đó:

\(\frac{2a+13b}{3a-7b}=\frac{2bk+13b}{3bk-7b}=\frac{b(2k+13)}{b(3k-7)}=\frac{2k+13}{3k-7}\)

\(\frac{2c+13d}{3c-7d}=\frac{2dt+13d}{3dt-7d}=\frac{d(2t+13)}{d(3t-7)}=\frac{2t+13}{3t-7}\)

Vì \(\frac{2a+13b}{3a-7b}=\frac{2c+13d}{3c-7d}\Rightarrow \frac{2k+13}{3k-7}=\frac{2t+13}{3t-7}\)

\(\Rightarrow (2k+13)(3t-7)=(2t+13)(3k-7)\)

\(-14k+39t=-14t+39k\Rightarrow k=t\)

Ta có đpcm.

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\b=ck\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+c^3k^3+d^3k^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=k^3\)

\(\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{bk}{d}=\dfrac{ck^2}{d}=\dfrac{dk^3}{d}=k^3\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)

thử bài bất :D 

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)

Hoàn toàn tương tự: 

\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)

\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)

Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:

\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)

Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )

Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1

1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D