\(E=-4x^2+x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{x}{4}\right)+1\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{x}{4}+\dfrac{1}{64}\right)+1+\dfrac{1}{16}\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{16}\)

 mà \(-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2\le0,\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{16}\le\dfrac{17}{16}\)

\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(E\right)=\dfrac{17}{16}\left(tạix=\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\)

\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5x}{3}\right)+6\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5x}{3}+\dfrac{25}{36}\right)+6+\dfrac{25}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\)

mà \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0,\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\le\dfrac{97}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(F\right)=\dfrac{97}{12}\left(tạix=\dfrac{5}{6}\right)\)

E=?

F=?

`a)f(x):g(x)` dư 2

`=>f(x)-2\vdots g(x)`

`=>x^3-3x^2+5x-a-2\vdots  x-1`

`=>x^3-x^2-2x^2+2x+3x-3-a+1\vdots  x-1`

`=>x^2(x-1)-2x(x-1)+3(x-1)-a+1\vdots  x-1`

`=>(x-1)(x^2-2x+3)-a+1\vdots  x-1`

Mà `(x-1)(x^2-2x+3)\vdots x-1`

`=>-a+1=0=>a=1`

Ta có: f(x):g(x)

\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+5x-a}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^3-x^2-2x^2+2x+3x-3-a+3}{x-1}\)

\(=x^2-2x+3+\dfrac{-a+3}{x-1}\)

Để f(x):g(x) có số dư là 2 thì 3-a=2

hay a=1

\(\begin{array}{l}a){\rm{ }}3{x^2}-{\rm{ }}3x\left( {x{\rm{ }}-{\rm{ }}2} \right){\rm{ }} = {\rm{ }}36\\ \Leftrightarrow 3{x^2}-{\rm{ [}}3x.x + 3x.( - 2)] = 36\\ \Leftrightarrow 3{x^2} - (3{x^2} - 6x) = 36\\ \Leftrightarrow 3{x^2} - 3{x^2} + 6x = 36\\ \Leftrightarrow 6x = 36\\ \Leftrightarrow x = 36:6\\ \Leftrightarrow x = 6\end{array}\)

Vậy x = 6

\(\begin{array}{l}b){\rm{ }}5x\left( {4{x^2}-{\rm{ }}2x{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}1} \right){\rm{ }}-{\rm{ }}2x\left( {10{x^2}-{\rm{ }}5x{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}2} \right){\rm{ }} = {\rm{ }} - 36\\ \Leftrightarrow 5x.4{x^2} + 5x.( - 2x) + 5x.1 - [2x.10{x^2} + 2x.( - 5x) + 2x.2] =  - 36\\ \Leftrightarrow 20{x^3} - 10{x^2} + 5x - (20{x^3} - 10{x^2} + 4x) =  - 36\\ \Leftrightarrow 20{x^3} - 10{x^2} + 5x - 20{x^3} + 10{x^2} - 4x =  - 36\\ \Leftrightarrow (20{x^3} - 20{x^3}) + ( - 10{x^2} + 10{x^2}) + (5x - 4x) =  - 36\\ \Leftrightarrow x =  - 36\end{array}\)

Vậy x = -36

\(1,\\ a,A=4x^2\left(-3x^2+1\right)+6x^2\left(2x^2-1\right)+x^2\\ A=-12x^4+4x^2+12x^2-6x^2+x^2=-x^2=-\left(-1\right)^2=-1\\ b,B=x^2\left(-2y^3-2y^2+1\right)-2y^2\left(x^2y+x^2\right)\\ B=-2x^2y^3-2x^2y^2+x^2-2x^2y^3-2x^2y^2\\ B=-4x^2y^3-4x^2y^2+x^2\\ B=-4\left(0,5\right)^2\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-4\left(0,5\right)^2\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(0,5\right)^2\\ B=\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(2,\\ a,\Leftrightarrow10x-16-12x+15=12x-16+11\\ \Leftrightarrow-14x=-4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}\\ b,\Leftrightarrow12x^2-4x^3+3x^3-12x^2=8\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^3=8=-2^3\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\\ c,\Leftrightarrow4x^2\left(4x-2\right)-x^3+8x^2=15\\ \Leftrightarrow16x^3-8x^2-x^3+8x^2=15\\ \Leftrightarrow15x^3=15\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(P=x\left(2x+1\right)-x^2\left(x+2\right)+x^3-x+3\\ P=2x^2+x-x^3-2x^2+x^3-x+3\\ P=3\left(đfcm\right)\)

a) 2x.(3x² – 5x + 3)        

=2x³-10x²+6x                                                                       

b(-2x-1).( x² + 5x – 3 ) – (x-1)³

=-2x³ - 10x² + 6x - x² - 5x + 3 - x³ + 3x² - 3x + 1

= -3x³ - 8x² - 2x + 4

   d) (6x⁵y² – 9x⁴y³ + 15x³y⁴) : 3x³y² 

=2x²-3xy+5y²

Lời giải:
Theo định lý Bê-du về phép chia đa thức, số dư của  $P(x)$ khi chia $2x-5$ là $P(\frac{5}{2})=\frac{5}{4}(\frac{5}{2})^3+\frac{5}{6}(\frac{5}{2})^2-\frac{21}{4}.\frac{5}{2}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{377}{32}$

Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:

a) Ta có: 

\(M=2x^2+4x+7\)

\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)

\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+1+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(M=2\cdot\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+2,5\right]\)

\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)

Mà: \(2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên:

\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra:

\(2\left(x+1\right)^2+5=5\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

Vậy: \(M_{min}=5\) khi \(x=-1\)

b) Ta có:

\(N=x^2-x+1\)

\(N=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Mà: \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên \(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu '=" xảy ra: 

\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy: \(N_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức

a) Ta có: 

\(E=-4x^2+x-1\)

\(E=-\left(4x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(E=-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)

\(E=-\left[\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)

Mà: \(\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\ge\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\) nên 

\(\Rightarrow E=-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\le-\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra:

\(-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]=-\dfrac{15}{16}\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow2x-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)

Vậy: \(E_{max}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)

b) Ta có:

\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)

\(F=-3x^2+5x-6\)

\(F=-\left(3x^2-5x-6\right)\)

\(F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{3}x-2\right)\)

\(F=-3\left[\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{97}{36}\right]\)

\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\)

Mà: \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\) nên:

\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\le\dfrac{97}{36}\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra:

\(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}=\dfrac{97}{36}\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{5}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

Vậy: \(F_{max}=\dfrac{97}{36}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

\(M=2x^2+4x+7\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{2}\right]\)

\(=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)

Vì \(2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=5\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

Tương tự: \(N=x^2-x+1\)

\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow N_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(E=-4x^2+x-1\)

\(=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(=-4\left[x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{8}+\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right]\)

\(=-4\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{64}\right]\)

\(=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}\)

Vì \(-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}\le-\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\Leftrightarrow-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

Tương tự: \(F=5x-3x^2+6\)

\(=-3x^2+5x+6\)

\(=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\le\dfrac{97}{12}\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow F_{max}=\dfrac{97}{12}\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

1) Ta có: \(2x\left(x-3\right)+5\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) Ta có: \(\left(x^2-4\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3) Ta có: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(2x+5\right)^2=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x-1-4x^2-20x-25=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-24x=11+1+25=37\)

hay \(x=-\dfrac{37}{24}\)

5) Ta có: \(3x^2-5x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+3x-8x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+1\right)-8\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-8\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{8}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

8) Ta có: \(\left|x-5\right|=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=3\\x-5=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

10) Ta có: \(\left|2x+1\right|=\left|x-1\right|\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=x-1\\2x+1=1-x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-x=-1-1\\2x+x=1-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)