mấy bạn ơi câu b) là chứng minh C<\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)nha

Lời giải:

Ta có:

\(A=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+...+\frac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

\(\Rightarrow 4A=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2017}{4^{2016}}\)

Lấy vế sau trừ vế trước:

\(\Rightarrow 3A=1+\frac{2-1}{4}+\frac{3-2}{4^2}+\frac{4-3}{4^3}+...+\frac{2017-2016}{4^{2016}}-\frac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 3A=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2016}}-\frac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

\(\Rightarrow 12A=4+1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2015}}-\frac{2017}{4^{2016}}\)

Lấy vế sau trừ vế trước suy ra:

\(9A=4-\frac{2017}{4^{2016}}-\frac{1}{4^{2016}}+\frac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

\(9A=4-\frac{2018}{4^{2016}}+\frac{2017}{4^{2017}}<4-\frac{2018}{4^{2016}}+\frac{2017}{4^{2016}}=4-\frac{1}{4^{2016}}<4\)

Do đó: \(A< \frac{4}{9}< \frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{2018.2019}\)

=\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}-\dfrac{1}{2019}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2019}< 1\)

Vậy A < 1.

Bài 2 :

\(S=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+............+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4S=1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...........+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2016}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4S-S=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+..........+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2016}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+..........+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3S=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.........+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}-\dfrac{2017}{4^{2016}}\)

Đặt :

\(A=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+..........+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4A=4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+..........+\dfrac{1}{4^{2015}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4A-A=\left(4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+.......+\dfrac{1}{4^{2015}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}+.......+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3A=4-\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow D=\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2016}.3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3S=\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2016}.3}-\dfrac{2017}{4^{2016}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3S< \dfrac{4}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow S< \dfrac{4}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{2}\rightarrowđpcm\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\) ( A cho đẹp :v)

\(4A=4\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\right)\)

\(4A=1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2016}}\)

\(4A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2016}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\right)\)\(3A=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}-\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

Đặt:

\(M=1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\)

\(4M=4\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\right)\)

\(4M=4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2015}}\)

\(4M-M=\left(4+1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2015}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\right)\)\(3M=4-\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\)

\(M=\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}}\)

Thay M vào A ta có:

\(A=\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2016}.3}-\dfrac{2017}{4^{2017}}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrowđpcm\)

a)  \(P=\frac{1+2}{1^2.2^2}+\frac{2+3}{2^2.3^2}+...+\frac{9+10}{9^2.10^2}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\) ( rút gọn số mũ nhé )

\(P=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)

\(P=1-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{10}{10}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{9}{10}\)

Vì \(\frac{9}{10}< 1\Rightarrow P< 1\) (đpcm)

b) Chút nữa mình làm nhé ^^

b) 

\(Q=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)

Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{100.101}\)

Ta so sánh giữa A và Q.

\(\frac{1}{1.2}>\frac{1}{3};\frac{1}{2.3}>\frac{1}{3^2};\frac{1}{3.4}>\frac{1}{3^3};....;\frac{1}{100.101}>\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q< A\)

Ta lại tiếp tục so sánh A và \(\frac{1}{2}\)

Ta có :

\(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{100.101}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{101}=\frac{100}{101}\Leftrightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)

Ta được:

\(Q< A< \frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow Q< \frac{1}{2}\)

b) \(Q=\frac{1}{3}\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)

\(Q=\frac{1}{3}\left(1+Q-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)

\(Q=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}Q-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\)

\(\frac{2}{3}Q=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\)

\(\left(=\right)Q=\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\right):\frac{2}{3}=\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\right).\frac{3}{2}\)

\(Q=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3^{100}.2}< \frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)

Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{1794}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{1795^2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{1794}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{1796^2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{1794}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{1797^2}\)

.....................

\(\dfrac{1}{1794}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{2016^2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{1794}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{2017^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{1}{1794}\)>\(\dfrac{1}{1795^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{1796^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{1797^2}\)+. . .+\(\dfrac{1}{2016^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2017^2}\)

Chúc bạn học tốt

a) Gọi ƯCLN(12n+1,30n+2) là d

12n+1⋮d  ⇒ 60n+5⋮d 

30n+2⋮d  ⇒ 60n+4⋮d 

(60n+5)-(60n+4)⋮d 

1⋮d 

Vậy \(\dfrac{12n+1}{30n+2}\) là ps tối giản

b) Đặt A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};...;\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)

\(A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)

A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\) + .....+ \(\dfrac{1}{1002^2}\)

A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2.1^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2.2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2.3^2}\)+......+\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.501^2}\)

A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) \(\times\)( \(1\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+.......+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\))

ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)   < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)

           \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)   < \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)

          ................

         \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{500.501}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được

           \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) +.....+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+.......+\dfrac{1}{500.501}\)

           \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) +  \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) +.....+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)+.....+ \(\dfrac{1}{500}-\dfrac{1}{501}\)

            \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+......+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{501}\) < 1 

   =>A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\times\) ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+.....+\(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\)) < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\times\)(1 + 1)

    A <  \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)  \(\times\) 2

    A < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)