a.

\(x=9-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{5}}{4}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9+4\sqrt{5}}{4}}}\\ x=9-\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-2}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+2}{2}}\\ x=9-\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}-2}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+2}\right)=9-8=1\\ \Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=f\left(1\right)=\left(1-1+1\right)^{2016}=1\)

c.

\(=\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^2x}{1+\dfrac{\cos x}{\sin x}}+\dfrac{\cos^2x}{1+\dfrac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^2x}{\dfrac{\sin x+\cos x}{\sin x}}+\dfrac{\cos^2x}{\dfrac{\sin x+\cos x}{\cos x}}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^3x}{\sin x+\cos x}+\dfrac{\cos^3x}{\sin x+\cos x}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\left(\sin x+\cos x\right)\left(\sin^2x-\sin x\cdot\cos x+\cos^2x\right)}{\sin x+\cos x}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x-\sin x\cdot\cos x+\sin^2x+\cos^2x\\ =1\)

d.

\(\dfrac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-a-5b\sqrt{5}}{\left(a+b\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a-b\sqrt{5}\right)}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+5b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}=9+20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(9+20\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a^2-5b^2\right)=a+5b\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(a^2-5b^2\right)+\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2\right)-5b\sqrt{5}=a\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2-5b\right)=9a^2-45b^2+a\)

Vì \(\sqrt{5}\) vô tỉ nên để \(\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2-5b\right)\) nguyên thì

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}20a^2-100b^2-5b=0\\9a^2-45b^2+a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}180a^2-900b^2-45b=0\\180a^2-900b^2+20a=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow20a+45b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4a+9b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-\dfrac{9}{4}b\\ \Leftrightarrow9a^2-45b^2+a=\dfrac{729}{16}b^2-45b^2-\dfrac{9}{4}b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{16}b^2-\dfrac{9}{4}b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow b\left(\dfrac{9}{16}b-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=0\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\a=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;0\right)\left(loại\right)\)

Vậy \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(9;4\right)\)

\(\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}=\dfrac{2017^2-1-2016^2+1}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}}=\dfrac{\left(2017-2016\right)\left(2017+2016\right)}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}}=\dfrac{1+2.2016}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}}>\dfrac{2.2016}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}}\)

Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}\right)=2017^2-1+2016^2-1=2017^2-2016^2=\left(2017-2016\right)\left(2017+2016\right)=2017+2016< 2016+2016=2.2016\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}\right)< 2.2016\Rightarrow\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}< \dfrac{2.2016}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}}\)

mình bị lộn 2017+2016>2.2016\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}< \dfrac{2.2016}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}+\sqrt{2016^2-1}}\)

b: \(\sqrt{2017}-\sqrt{2016}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2016}+\sqrt{2017}}\)

\(\sqrt{2016}-\sqrt{2015}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2016}+\sqrt{2015}}\)

mà \(\sqrt{2016}+\sqrt{2017}< \sqrt{2016}+\sqrt{2015}\)

nên \(\sqrt{2017}-\sqrt{2016}>\sqrt{2016}-\sqrt{2015}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}>\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}\)

(100 số số hạng)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}>\dfrac{100}{\sqrt{100}}=\dfrac{100}{10}=10\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{x+2}{x\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{2}\left(dkxd:x\ge0;x\ne1\right)\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{x+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right]\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{x+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right]\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2+x-\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\cdot2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\cdot2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Xét: \(A-2=\dfrac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-2\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{2\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{2-2x-2\sqrt{x}-2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{-2x-2\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{-2\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Với \(x\ge0;x\ne1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{x}\ge0\\x+\sqrt{x}+1>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow A-2\le0\Leftrightarrow A\le2\)

Vậy: \(A\le2\).

Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)

\(=-1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-...-\sqrt{120}+11\)

=10

Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{35}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{36}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-...-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{36}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B< -\dfrac{5}{3}< 10=A\)

Sửa đề: 

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy–Schwarz ta được:

\(x=\dfrac{2017}{\sqrt{2018}}+\dfrac{2018}{\sqrt{2017}}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}\right)^2}{\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}}=\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}=y\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2017}{\sqrt{2018}}=\dfrac{2018}{\sqrt{2017}}\Leftrightarrow2017=2018\left(vô.lí\right)\)

Vậy đẳng thức ko xảy ra hay \(x>y\)

a) \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\left(đk:x>0\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\left(\dfrac{1-x}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{4x}=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)}{4x}=\dfrac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}\)

b) \(P-\left(-2\sqrt{x}\right)=\dfrac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}+2\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{1-x+2x}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{1+x}{\sqrt{x}}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow P>-2\sqrt{x}\)

a, ĐK: \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)

\(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\dfrac{\left(2-2x\right)^2}{16x}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}}{x-1}.\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)^2}{16x}\)

\(=-\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\)

\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{4x}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)}{4x}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)