Bài 1.

a) Do hai phân thức bằng nhau , ta có :

( x +2)P( x² - 2²) = ( x - 1)Q( x -2)

=( x + 2)P( x - 2)( x + 2) = ( x - 1)Q( x - 2)

Suy ra : P = x - 1 ; Q = ( x + 2)²

b) Do hai phân thức bằng nhau , ta có :

( x + 2)P(x² - 2x + 1) = ( x - 2)Q( x² - 1)

= ( x + 2)P( x - 1)² = ( x - 2)Q( x - 1)( x + 1)

Suy ra : P = ( x - 2)( x + 1) = x² - x - 2

Q = ( x + 2)( x - 1) = x² + x + 2

Bài 2. a) Do : \(\dfrac{P}{Q}=\dfrac{R}{S}=>PS=QR\)

Xét : ( P + Q)S= PS + QS = QR + QS = Q( R + S)

-> \(\dfrac{P+Q}{Q}=\dfrac{R+S}{S}\)

b) Do : \(\dfrac{P}{Q}=\dfrac{R}{S}=>PS=QR\)

Xét : ( S - R)P = PS - PR = QR - PR = R( Q - P)

-> \(\dfrac{R-S}{R}=\dfrac{Q-P}{P}\)

- > \(\dfrac{R}{R-S}=\dfrac{P}{Q-P}\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{P}{Q}=\dfrac{R}{S}\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{P}{Q}=1+\dfrac{R}{S}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{Q+P}{Q}=\dfrac{R+S}{S}\)

=> ĐPCM

Chọn B

\(R=\frac{1}{2.32}+\frac{1}{3.33}+......+\frac{1}{1976.2006}\Rightarrow30R=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{1976}-\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{33}-....-\frac{1}{2006}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{31}-\frac{1}{1977}-\frac{1}{1978}-....-\frac{1}{2006};S=\frac{1}{2.1977}+\frac{1}{3.1978}+....+\frac{1}{31.2006}=\Rightarrow1975S=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{31}-\frac{1}{1977}-\frac{1}{1978}-....-\frac{1}{2006}=R\Rightarrow30R=1975S\Rightarrow R=\frac{1975}{30}S=\frac{395}{6}\Rightarrow\frac{R}{S}=\frac{395}{6}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{R\left(x\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}-\dfrac{1}{2024}+\dfrac{1}{2023}-\dfrac{1}{2025}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2.2023}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2024}-\dfrac{1}{2025}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2.2023}\)

Một kết quả rất xấu

Ta có: \(\dfrac{9}{11}=\dfrac{36}{44};\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{55}{44}\)

Khi đó giá trị 1 phần là: \(38:\left(55-36\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Tử số: \(36.2=72\)

Mẫu: \(44.2=88\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{72}{88}.\)

a)S=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-36}-\dfrac{x-6}{x^2+6x}\right):\dfrac{2x-6}{x^2+6x}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)

=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{\left(x-6\right)\left(x+6\right)}-\dfrac{x-6}{x\left(x+6\right)}\right):\dfrac{2x-6}{x\left(x+6\right)}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{x^2}{x\left(x-6\right)\left(x+6\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-6\right)^2}{x\left(x-6\right)\left(x+6\right)}\right):\dfrac{2x-6}{x\left(x+6\right)}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)

=\(\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-6\right)^2}{x\left(x-6\right)\left(x+6\right)}:\dfrac{2\left(x-3\right)}{x\left(x+6\right)}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)

=\(\dfrac{6\left(2x-6\right)x\left(x+6\right)}{x\left(x-6\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(2x-6\right)}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)

=\(\dfrac{6}{x-6}+\dfrac{x}{6-x}\)

=\(\dfrac{6}{x-6}-\dfrac{x}{x-6}=\dfrac{6-x}{x-6}=-1\)

b ) S khi rút gọn=-1 => mọi giá trị của x đều thỏa mãn S=-1

\(a.S=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{a-1}-\dfrac{2a}{a^3+a-a^2-1}\right)=\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}:\dfrac{a^2-2a+1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+1}.\dfrac{a^2+1}{a-1}=\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a-1}\)

\(b.M=\left(a-1\right).S=a^2+a+1=a^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}a+\dfrac{1}{4}+1-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow M_{MIN}=\dfrac{3}{4}."="\Leftrightarrow a=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

1/ \(B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{8^2}\)

\(B< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{7.8}\)

\(B< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(B< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{8}< 1\)

\(B< 1\)

2/ \(B=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)

\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{19}{20}\)

\(B=\dfrac{1\times2\times3\times...\times19}{2\times3\times4\times...\times20}\)

\(B=\dfrac{1}{20}\)

3/ \(A=\dfrac{7}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{3333}{1212}+\dfrac{3333}{2020}+\dfrac{3333}{3030}+\dfrac{3333}{4242}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{7}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{33}{12}+\dfrac{33}{20}+\dfrac{33}{30}+\dfrac{33}{42}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{7}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{33}{3.4}+\dfrac{33}{4.5}+\dfrac{33}{5.6}+\dfrac{33}{6.7}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{7}{4}.33.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{231}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{231}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{21}\)

\(A=11\)

4/ A phải là \(\dfrac{2011+2012}{2012+2013}\)

Ta có : \(B=\dfrac{2011}{2012}+\dfrac{2012}{2013}>\dfrac{2011}{2013}+\dfrac{2012}{2013}=\dfrac{2011+2012}{2013}>\dfrac{2011+2012}{2012+2013}=A\)

\(\Rightarrow B>A\)